T  5 


JC-NRLF 


5Q7 


NATIONAL"    PIPE    STANDARDS 
Of   the    Appendix   to    1913 

OBiq 

Edition  Book  of  Standards, 
this  is  copy  No.—. 


Our  records  indicate  that  copy  of  the  1913 
Edition  Book  of  Standards,  bearing  the  same 
number,  was  mailed  to 

/njsq 


Company 

j  --  --------------------  TO     ^3883301(1 


Street  Address  State- 

ad   Iliw    il 


r>  A  j  j  j 

rerson  Addressed— 


This  copy  of  "NATIONAL"  PIPE 
STANDARDS,  Appendix  to  1913  Edition  Book 
of  Standards,  is  being  forwarded  to  the  same 
address. 

We  should  be  notified  of  any  change  of 
address. 


usbnatS  io 

!Q1  3rfl  ni 


PREFACE  TO  APPENDIX 

For  a  number  of  years  National  Tube  Company 
has  been  publishing,  at  intervals,  informatory, 
educational  literature  in  various  forms  which  has  a 
widely  acknowledged  value,  as  evidenced  by  the 
constantly  increasing  requests  from  technical  and 
practical  engineers,  mechanical  men,  manufacturers, 
students  and  many  others  interested  in  pipe  and 
allied  products. 

Much  of  the  data  will  not  be  found  elsewhere, 
for  it  represents  years  of  research  work  in  the  mills 
and  laboratories  of  this  company;  years  of  careful 
investigation  of  results  of  various  materials  installed 
under  identical  conditions  of  service,  and  in  addition 
the  reports  made  by  unbiased  authorities  in  the 
course  of  their  service  investigations. 

While  each  publication  of  National  Tube  Com- 
pany is  as  complete  in  its  proposed  scope  and 
purpose  when  it  comes  from  the  press  as  it  is  pos- 
sible to  make  it,  yet  as  soon  as  it  is  ready  for 
distribution  new  data  for  a  new  edition  begins  to 
accumulate,  for  something  new  in  manufacturing 
processes,  or  in  application  or  use  of  material  is 
constantly  developing  in  the  mills  or  in  the  general 
field. 

It  will  be  appreciated,  therefore,  that  no 
National  Tube  Company  literature  can  be  con- 
sidered .complete,  final,  and  unchangeable.  The 
1913  edition  of  the  Book  of  Standards  has  proved 
most  satisfactory  and  valuable  to  those  who  use  it, 
but  it  is  now  three  years  old,  and  a  mass  of  ad- 
ditional information  has  become  available. 

The  purpose  of  this  Appendix  is  to  supply  the 
latest  information  on  the  subjects  contained  in  the 
1913  Edition  Book  of  Standards.  For  the  most 
part  this  information  is  supplementary,  but  in 
several  cases  it  replaces  other  data  entirely.  Where 
there  seems  any  conflict  between  the  two,  the  in- 
formation contained  in  this  Appendix  is  to  be  con- 
sidered as  the  later  information. 

The  Index  in  this  Appendix  (which  embraces 
both  the  Appendix  and  original  Book  of  Standards) 
should  be  used  in  place  of  that  in  the  1913  Edition 
Book  of  St^nd^rds. 


NATIONAL  PIPE 
STANDARDS 


Appendix    to  1913    Edition 

Mfw-wu  Book  of  Stand  ards 

d  9dJ  yd  abfim  STB  dom-Xx  gnibub/w  ftns'  ot*'qpj!estl»WA    .bbw-qsl 
jwoxnq  "rsritfa  yd  obsm  sifi  doftl^'bj  qu  rionl-Hi  esxie  jeaaaoiq  blew 


Containing  Tables  and  Useful 
Information  Pertaining  to  Tubular 
Goods  as  Manufactured  by 

Jo  VI 


National  Tube  Company 

.bdbl9w~q*JL  10  nvreib-AH  .sqi*!    ^    ,      ^ 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.. 


I'.  ind 

.Jniol  beti^snl  ,sn/8£>^       *     ; 
Copyright,  1916 

by 
National  Tube  Company 

Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

.dqi*I  avhCI    "        R*ctaagular»Pii.e. 
.jnidi/T  issqU  ienia^  i  '  '      '  '   =• 

' 


NATIONAL    TUBE    COMPANY 

Pittsburgh,  Pa.  Nineteen  Hundred  and  Sixteen 


517 


5 1 8  List  of  Products— "NATIONAL" 


LIST  OF  PRODUCTS  OF  NATIONAL  \ 
TUBE  COMPANY 


There  has  been  a  constant  and  increasing  demand  for  a  concise  list  of 
the  products  manufactured  by  National  Tube  Company,  and  in  order  to 
supply  a  quick  and  ready  reference  to  meet  this  demand,  a  list  of  the 
three  classes  of  products  has  been  compiled,  under  the  following  divisions: 
x.    "NATIONAL"  PRODUCTS. 

2.  "SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TUBING  PRODUCTS. 

3.  "KEWANEE"  PRODUCTS. 

"NATIONAL"  PRODUCTS 

"NATIONAL"  Pipe  is  made  by  one  of  two  processes:  butt-weld  or 
lap-weld.  All  sizes  up  to  and  including  iX-inch  are  made  by  the  butt- 
weld  process;  sizes  iX-inch  up  to  3-inch  are  made  by  either  process;  and 
all  sizes  above  3-inch  are  made  by  the  lap-weld  process  only. 

A  list  of  the  various  kinds  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  allied  products 
follows: 

"NATIONAL"  Air  Line  Pipe. 

"  Allison  Vanishing  Thread  Tubing,  Ends  Up- 

set. 
Allison  Vanishing  Thread  Tubing,  Ends  Not 

Upset. 
Ammonia  Cylinders. 

*  Pipe,  Re-drawn  or  Lap-  welded. 
"               Bailer  Tubes. 

Bedstead  Tubing. 
Boston  Merchant  Casing. 

•  Casing,  Inserted  Joint. 
"       Oil  Well  Casing. 

*  u       u  u       Pacific  Couplings. 
"               Bump  Joint  Pipe. 

California  Diamond  BX  Casing. 

"  «  «    Drive  Pipe. 

*  '  'Special  External  Upset  Tubing. 
Converse  Loc'k  Joint  Pipe. 
Double^Extra  Strong  Pipe. 

* 


Drive  Pipe. 

"      Well  Pipe. 
_  ._  "  Dry  Kiln  Pipe. 

"  Extra  Strong  Pipe. 

Flush  Joint  Tubing. 
Gas  Line  Pipe. 

Grip  or  GnDef  Pipe' 
Hydraulic  Pipe. 

Kimberly  Joint  Pipe. 
Large  O.  D.  Pipe. 
"  Line  Pipe. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  1, 


\,ist  of  Products— "NATIONAL"  519 


"NATIONAL"  Locomotive  Arch  Pipes. 

Bridge  Pipe*. 

"  "  Dry  Pipes. 

onlaoic  i£v«9ft      Water  Grates      {  an*w 

Matheson  Joint  Pipe. 

Mattress  Tubing. 
im<jp  :          Qil  Line  pipe 

"    Well  Tubing. 
Pipe  for  Air  Brakes. 
'  si  Wo  Asphalted. 
"     for  Bending. 
u     Black. 

uTab£  Butted  and  Strapped  Joint. 
"     Coated. 


u    Elevator  Plungers. 
.Jaeql        adiVT     «    Fence  Posts. 

*     Fitted  with  Patent  Recessed  Couplings. 
"     for  Flanging. 
"     Galvanized. 
"     for  Heaters. 
.eisbniivi  t   .  "     with  "NATIONAL"  Coating. 

"  for  Ocean  Piers. 
ri*ibt«  Paper  Cores. 
nv/k-K."  Piling. 


i 

*   Sign  Posts  and  Mail  Boxes. 
T  iegfl*i.  Stay  Boltg> 

*     Tar  Dipped. 

End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines. 


^. 

"  Reamed  and  Drifted  Pipe,  Black. 

a  ybi  I  e*»bnil^»        ..         «       Galvanized. 

Rectangular  Pipe. 
|  "  Selected  Oil  Line  Pipe. 

"SHELBY"  Seamless  Interior  UpsetDrill  Pipe. 
Signal  Pipe. 
anitful          Special  Rotary  Pipe. 

.9§j<i    Upset  Rotary  Pipe. 
Spellerized  Locomotive  Boiler  Tubes. 
"  Square  Pipe. 

Standard  Boiler  Tubes. 
iinicIijT  ebiijTubular  Steel  Bridge  Warning  Poles. 


,.        >  .  . 

Staffs. 
iorfcoii       «     Poles  for  Electric  Power  Lines 

and  Lights. 
iduTi^h^Vw^O  -1        "   Telegraph    andTele' 

3  ^  U  4  2  1       phone  Lines 

Tuyere  Pipe. 


information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  £i 


520  List  of  Products— "SHELBY" 


"SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TUBING  PRODUCTS 

The  following  list  outlines  briefly  the  variety  of  products  offered  to  the 
trade  in  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubing.  (Further  information  regarding 
any  of  these  products  or  shapes,  or  special  shapes  desired,  can  be  secured 
by  addressing  any  district  office  of  National  Tube  Company.) 

"SHELBY"  Seamlevss  Arch  Pipes. 

"  *.r,    Automobile  Tubing. 

*n]b  Axles. 
*&,fr         .»a"ha*   Bedstead  Tubing. 

*  "         Bicycle  Tubing. 

5  ki>.  !  •  «i  ^     Blau-Gas  Cylinders. 

"  tao*[        Boiler  Tubes,   Upset,   Expanded,   and 

Swaged  Ends. 
'*?'     Bridge  Pipes. 
to-   Carrier  Tubes. 
.Olff  AK  carbonic  Acid  Gas  Cylinders. 

*  ,nV)"  ,        Chandelier  Tubing. 

"  "         Cold  Drawn  Tubing. 

Compressed  Air  Tubing. 
c  - 


"  . 

.eifoH     Condenser  Tubing. 

u  "         Cream  Separator  Bowls. 

-        •         Cyclecar  Tubing. 

Cylinders  for  Special  Designs  and  Pur- 
poses. 

D  Shaped  Tubing. 
.sqi^HhGjoeqlJ  ion<>inl  %yir         ^.  '          ,    TT 

"         Die  Stock  Handles. 

«  a         Display  Fixture  Tubing. 

«  1BJ»H  ;  Drill  Pipe. 

.,    ••;!  sviJomoooJ  hi.     _,    ,  _   ,  . 

1     Rod  Tubing. 

"  dfiif  iaf-'  Dfy  piPes- 

>3bh.*J      Expanded  Ends  Tubing. 

ts*I":      Formed    Tubes,    Special    Designs,    for 

.BOJGJS     ijj^  o* 

vo^  DhJi»ia  lol  83lo*I     -  Automobiles,  etc. 
liJ  *bn^  "         Gas  Cylinders. 

«!   ->i  Gravity  Carrier  Tubing. 
*  *         Hexagon  Tubing. 


TTiis  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  H 


List  of  Products— "SHELBY"  521 


"SHELBY"  Seamless  Hollow  Shafting. 

"  *         Hose  Poles  or  Mandrels. 

««a   "  "         Hot  Rolled  Tubing. 

9riJ   ,isv9wod   ,/ioinu  edi  o-  noinU   "33K" 

Large  Diameter  Tubing.     >{^ 

i*$s  si*'*-     Liquefied  Gas  Cylinders. 

*€1         'M01'     Locomotive  Boiler  Tubes. 

! ••//  «»*orfi  fj  o;o; :ib    ;  eiift  yd   barfeildird 

Mechanical  Tubing. 

>'!:. 

•  ^   .T          "  "         Motorcycle  Tubing,  i  ^AWa3rM  ^^    | 

Marine  Boiler  Tubes. 

•  Non-Liquefied  Gas  Cylinders. 
Octagon  Tubing.         •-)  ^fi 
Oval  Tubing. 

"  "         Oxygen  Gas  Cylinders. 

*  Tmn     .3*11  \^      Pneumatic  Tube  Service  Tubing. 

.  «  Fi;  Poles. 

«  .**Kti-  Pump  Tubing. 

..bsnivl  e'r.Kifl  f'yiiiiJ-I 

Rectangular  Tubing. 

Rope  Tubing. 
Adfus-     Round  Tubing. 

o    r      T~     j  OOH 

Safe  Ends. 
"  "         Shafting,  Hollow. 

Square  Tubing. 
"  "         Stationary  Boiler  Tubes. 

*  "         Stay  Bolt  Material. 

*  "         Steam  Feed  Piston  Tubing. 

Superheater  Tubes. 
Swaged  Tubing. 
Tanks. 

Telephone  Stand  Tubing. 
Tempering  Pots. 
Trolley  Poles.    <^f  fionsitt 
Tubes,  Marine,  Stationary  and  Loco- 
motive Boiler.     .„. 

*  Tubing  for  Mechanical  Purposes. 
B'rifte.      Upset  Tubing.    ' 

«         \*T  *      r-    *^S^T  bjsaH  IIu8 
Water  Grates. 

Wrist  Pin  Tubing. 


522  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


"KEWANEE"  PRODUCTS 

Probably  the  best  known  of  the  "KEWANEE"  Specialties  is  the 
"KEWANEE"  Union.  In  addition  to  the  union,  however,  the  now 
famous  "KEWANEE"  principle  has  been  adapted  to  valves  and  other 
fittings.  For  description  of  these  specialties  see  "The  Whole 
'KEWANEE'  Family"  booklet,  or  Catalog  J-IQIS,  both  of  which  are 
published  by  this  company  and  furnished  without  charge  to  those  whose 
activities  indicate  a  legitimate  use  for  same. 

The  "KEWANEE"  Specialties,  the  entire  line  of  "N.  T.  C."  Re- 
grinding  Valves,  brass  and  iron  body  valves,  and  the  full  line  of  brass, 
cast  iron,  malleable,  and  wrought  fittings,  are  listed  below  in  alphabetical 
order: 

Acid  Cocks. 
"     Fittings. 
"     Valves,    j  gBQ  na 
Air  Brake  Fittings,  Malleable. 
"    Cock,  "NATIONAL"  Spring  Plug. 
"    Cocks,  Lock  and  Shield. 
Artesian  Well  Cylinders,  All  Brass. 

u      „    ."  '.          Barrel  Brass  Lined. 

u  Strainers. 

Base  Fittings,  Flanged. 
Beam  Clamps,  Adjustable. 

"       Hooks. 

Bends,  Casing,  Malleable. 
"       Cast  Iron,  Car  Heater. 
*       Return,  Back  Outlet. 
"       Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
Blast  Furnace  Fittings. 
Supplies. 
Blind  Flanges. 
Boiler  Couplings,  Circulating,  "KEWANEE." 

Malleable. 
Box  Coil  Tees. 

"     Coils,  Ornamental  and  Plain. 
Boxes,  Brass  Stuffing. 
Bracket  Coils. 

•        Ells  and  Tees. 
Branch  Tees. 
Branches,  Cast  Iron  Y. 
Malleable  Y. 

Brass  Wire  Cloth,  New  and  Renovated. 
Bremer  Checks,  Tubular  Well  Valves. 
Brine  Cocks. 

Bull  Head  Tees,  Cast  Iron,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
Bushings,  Brass. 

"          Cast  Iron. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pastes  k,  7,  167  to  18£ 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  523 


Bushings,  Cast  Iron  Casing. 

«        isJJfcl  n*     Eccentric,  Reducing. 
"33V    Malleable. 
P.roVt  "          Faced. 

41    .1  -  Reducing. 
all<?ab:     Radiator. 
Caps,  Brass. 

*  Cast  Iron  Casing. 

u     Extra  Heavy. 

*  Malleable  Drive,  Round  and  Octagon. 
"      Plain,  Beaded  and  Hexagon. 

Car  Heater  Fittings. 
Casing  Bushings. 

Caps. 

"       Clamps. 

Fittings. 

•       Nipples. 

"       Saddles. 

Cast  Iron  Fittings,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
"        "      Jn^tat    Flanged. 
u        u  u        Long-Sweep. 

sisiH  bnrf  ok  BsJfesM   Reducing. 

«      MLtf.bsr  Screwed. 
Ceiling  Plates. 
Check  Valves,  Adjustable. 

Brass. 

"         "/SJiwith  Drip  Cock. 
"      Horizontal. 
"     Jenkins  Disc,  "N.  T.  C."  Special  Pattern 

Horizontal. 

"      with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
"  "  "     "N.  T.  C."  Regrinding. 

"  "  a      Swing. 

"  "        Iron  Body. 

"         "      Angle  and  Vertical. 
*         "      Horizontal. 
Chandelier  Hooks  and  Loops,  Malleable. 
Clamps,  Beam. 

"        Double  Strap,  Wrought. 

Hydrant. 
"        Pipe,  Steam. 
*     Water. 
"        Service. 
Cocks,  Brass,  Acid. 

"      Air,  Lock  Shield. 
"  "       Brine. 

"  "       Check  and  Waste,  nid^ 

Gas  Meter. 
"    Service. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  7,  1&1  to  188 


524  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


Cocks,  Brass,  Gas  Service,  Bar  Pattern. 
"  *         "          *         Boston  Pattern. 

with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
"         "          *       Natural  Gas. 

*  Hydrant,  Screwed. 

*  *.      Lock  and  Shield. 

*  Rough,  Stop. 
"            *      Tuyere. 

"      Union  Meter. 
"       "NATIONAL"  Spring  Plug. 

*  Iron  for  Alkaline  Solutions. 
"          a     with  Brass  Plug. 

"      Washer. 

*  "     Extra  Heavy. 

*  u     Oil  Country. 
"     Service. 

"          *     Three  Way. 
Coil  Stands,  Laundry. 
Coils,  Bracket. 

u      Steam  Box,  Plain  and  Ornamental. 
Columns,  Water. 

Companion  Flanges,  Cast  Iron,  Malleable  and  Brass. 
u        Blind,  Ribbed  and  Plain. 
"        Flanged  and  Reducing. 
Couplings,  Malleable,  Cast  Iron  and  Brass. 
"  Beaded,  Right  and  Left  Only. 

Boiler,  "KEWANEE." 
"          Car  Heater. 
"          Casing. 
"          Circulating  Boiler. 
EwiflJt1'.   Drill  Rod. 

"          Drive  Pipe. 
B        "          Eccentric. 

Faced. 

"iKDi     Hexagon 
Hose. 

*  for  Iron  Rods,  Beaded. 
"          Long  Screw. 

Brs      "          Offset. 

*  Patent  Sleeve  Tubing. 

*  Pipe. 

"  Pump  Rod. 

*  Recessed. 

*  Reducing. 
••!K#r  <:     Right  and  Left. 

Tool. 
Tubing. 
"          Turned. 

*  Union  Boiler. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  Iff?  to  182 


List  of  Products—  "KEWANEE"  525 


Couplings,  Water. 

*          Wood  Rod. 

"          Wrought. 
Cross-overs,  Malleable. 

"  a          Back  Outlet. 

Crosses,  Malleable,  Cast  Iron  and  Brass. 

*  Casing. 

"        Flanged  . 
1      •        Hub  End. 
Hydraulic. 
Long  Sweep. 

*  Plain  and  Beaded. 

*  Railing. 

"        Reducing. 
"        Screwed. 

*  Side  Outlet. 

Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
Sweep. 

Cylinders,  Brass,  Eureka,  Tubular  Well. 
a          Brass  Lined,  Artesian  Well. 
"      Tubular  Well. 
"          Wrought,  Tubular  Well. 
Drive  Caps,  Malleable,  Octagon  and  Round.  nsJxS 
"      Shoes,  Malleable. 
a      Well  Points,  Brass  Jacket. 

*  «          "       Extensions. 

Flush  or  Tubular. 
a         *          u       Large  Size,  Railroad. 

*     Waterworks. 
«         •          *       Open  Center,  Banner. 

•  „       *'.^     fc       Scott  Perfection. 
"         "          tt       Single  Screen  . 

a         a          "       Washer. 
Elbows,  Brass. 

a  -      Drop. 

*  45  Degree. 

*  Finished. 
"            ft      Radiator. 

"      Railing. 
4  ^      Reducing. 

*  *      Right  and  Left. 

*  Side  Outlet 
a      Street. 

"      Union. 

a      for  Radiators. 

*  Cast  Iron  and  Malleable. 

"  «        «        «  a          Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 

*  Cast  Iron,  Flanged  and  Screwed. 
..-^tr-Jm,r:..-UJjL.        *        Base,  Square  and  Round. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k>  7,  167  to  182 


526 


List  of  Products—  'KEWANEE" 


Elbows,  Boiler,  "KEWANEE." 
u       Car  Heater. 
"        Casing. 
"       Cleanout. 
"        Double  Branch. 

Drop. 

45  Degree. 

Hydraulic. 

"KEWANEE"  Union. 


Long  Sweep. 
Pitched. 
Radiator. 
Railing. 
Reducing. 
Side  Outlet. 
60  Degree. 
Street. 
"        Taper  Reducing. 
"       Union. 

Expansion  Joints,  Brass  and  Iron  Body,  Flanged  and  Screwed. 
*          Pipe  Hangers. 
"          Plates. 
Extension  Pieces. 

Fittings,  Cast  Iron,  Malleable  and  Wrought. 
u         Standard,  Extra  Heavy  and  Hydraulic. 
"         Brass,  Steam,  Rough  and  Finished,  Wrought  Pipe  Size. 

•       Hydraulic. 
.  Set    Railing. 
"    ,(.-_  Air  Brake. 
"     Tested. 
Base,  .notewto^ 
Boiler. 
Bushings. 
Caps. 

Car  Heater. 
Casing. 
Couplings. 
Crosses. 
Eccentric. 
Elbows. 
Flanged. 
Flanges. 
Hydraulic. 
"KEWANEE 
"        Laterals. 
Locknuts. 
t3  t>r      Nipples. 
Offsets. 
Plugs. 


.fioinU 


noil 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  167  to  182 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  527 


Fittings,  Railing. 
a         Reducers. 
"         Return  Bends. 
"         Sprinkler. 
Sweep. 
Tees. 
Unions. 

"         Water  Connections. 

Flanged  Fittings,  Cast  Iron,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
"  "         Crosses,  Reducing. 

*  *         Double  Branch  Ells. 

"          ttsft  n<  &KJK  \    Reducing. 

a       Sweep  Tees. 
"         Elbows  Long  Sweep. 

Base. 
"  [  Dft£fa<Side  Outlet. 

Ifi»nsi  Taper  Reducing. 
"         Four  Way  Tees. 
"         45  Degree  Ells. 
"        Laterals,  Long  Sweep. 

Reducers. 
aaftTA    KETX  "i  Taper  Reducers. 

.3rrfol  :  Tees. 
*    .fcsteiaqO'  ^U  Gorfty  -Reducing. 

.Y"j       •     Single  Sweep. 

Y's. 

"       Valves,  Brass  Gate,  Globe  and  Angle. 
"      'ua}Sf^ni>'ra       Check,  Horizontal,  Swing,  Vertical. 
"  "      Iron  Body  Gate,  Globe,  Angle  and  Check. 

Flanges,  Brass,  Cast  Iron  and  Malleable. 

"         Blind  Faced. 
.o%iQ    Bolted  On. 
.*bnl  Common. 
.3*1  G  Companion. 
.p^tect-    Curved. 
38id  si   Eccentric. 
oeiCf       Faced  and  Drilled. 
.a8K  :'         Floor. 

.,-  C<      Grooved- 

Male  and  Female. 

f1..       Raih'ng. 
K3r$  lav  Raised  Face. 
,io^oi[  Recessed. 

"         Reducing, 
.lojfec;;    Saddle. 
•draau  :  Solid< 

.  •   "   . .    Spot  Faced,  Bolt  Holes. 

"        Tongued. 
nv#  li.  «        and  Grooved. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  T,  1W  to  182 


528  List  of  Products— "KEWANKE" 


Flanges  with  Caulking  Recess. 
Floor  Plates. 
Followers,  Long  Screw. 
Foot  Elbows  and  Tees. 

a     Valves. 
Galvanized  Fittings,  Cast  Iron,  Malleable  and  Wrought 

"         Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
Gas  Cocks. 
a     Meter  Cocks. 

"      with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
"     Service  Cocks,  Bar  Pattern. 

|M#       Boston  Pattern. 
"          "       V?3*!T  q  Heavy  Pattern. 
Gate  Valves,  Brass. 

"     Acid. 
u  t^fh^'  Automatic  Drip. 

"      Differential  Stem  Thread. 
"      Double  Disc. 
"  u      Hose. 

"      /  S^  wjfc  T??4  KEWANEE"  Union. 
"  "      Quick  Opening. 

"      Radiator,  with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
u        Iron  Body,  Converse  Joint. 

"         "      Electrically  Operated. 
"  "       ".<£*•;  ••••.•    "      "Eurema"  Y. 

iias      "         u      Flanged. 
"  "          %dulx/.t&:  Globe  and  Angle. 

>V  ,%aiw3  "l&i      "         "      Half  Rising  Stem, 
bnfi  Hfan^f;,»9<      "          "       Hub  End  N.  R.  S. 

fefd      "         "         "and  Spigot  N.  R.  S. 

*  "          "         "      Matheson  Joint. 

*      N.  R.  S.  Double  Disc. 
"  «         «  «        Spigot  End. 

Wedge  Disc. 

*  «  «         «  «        with  By-pass. 

"      O.  S.  &  Y.  Double  Disc. 

*  "          «  «          Wedge  Disc. 

"  *  "          "  u          with  By-pass. 

"  "          "         "      Quick  Opening. 

"  «         «      Screwed. 

*  «         «       Swing  Check. 

*  "  "          "      with  Spur  or  Bevel  Gear. 

"  *  *          "      Underwriters'  Indicator,  Double  Disc, 

N.  R.  S. 
"  "  "          "      Underwriters'  Indicator,  Double  Disc, 

O.  S.  &  Y. 

*  "       ,    *  .Bsiof I  ji Underwriters'  Indicator,  Screwed  and 

Flanged. 
"      Wood  Pipe. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  1,  167  to  182 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  529 


Gauge  Syphon,  Steam. 

Globe  and  Angle  Valves,  Brass. 

«  .esmfltf       «  «      Acid. 

.88fii*quo!>-i3li6€!»       «  «      Competition. 

-         -         -  -  -      Copper  Disc. 

e       «     Jenkins  Disc,  "N.  T.  C." 

with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
» "  .      "  "  "      Natural  Gas. 

"  -      Needle  Point. 

"         "  "  "      "N.  T.  C."  Regrinding. 

.       "         "       >5f0eifaYilon  Body,  Brass  Mounted,  Flanged 

with  Yoke. 

Iron  Body,   Brass  Mounted, 
"N.  T.  C."  Jenkins  Disc. 

ec»YiMV  •°*erfl  iron    Body,   Brass    Mounted,  Plain. 
«          .linu  Iron    Body.    Brass    Mounted,     with 

Yoke. 
Iron    Body,     Flanged     "N.    T.    C." 


Jenkins  Disc. 


•;£9cfeiO       «       Iron  Body.  Flanged  with  Yoke. 
«         rr!fiV<U9S      «       iron    Body,    Screwed    "N.    T.    C." 

Jenkins  Disc. 

"         "         "  *       Iron  Body,  Screwed  with  Yoke. 

"         u         u  u       Plain  Top  with  Brass  Bonnet. 

"       3l^J      "      with  Lock  Shields. 
Handles,  Hydrant. 

and  Wheels  for  Valves. 
Hangers,  Pipe  Expansion. 

•          "WESTERN." 
Hexagon  Center,  R.  &  L.  Nipples. 
•         Couplings. 

for  Iron  Rods. 
44  KEWANEE  "Unions. 
Nipples. 
Hooks,  Beam. 

and  Loops,  Chandelier. 
Hook  Plates. 

•  "      Expansion. 

Hose  Couplings,  Brass,  Blast  Furnace. 

•  Gate  Valves,  Brass. 


a     Unions,  "KEWANEE." 
41     Valves,  Brass,  Garden. 

•      Gate,  with  Leather  Disc. 
*      r«9?I  s       "      Special. 
Hydrant  Clamps. 

*  Cocks. 

*  Handles. 

Joints,  Expansion,  Brass  and  Iron  Body. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  7,  167  to  .182 


530  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


"KEWANEE"  Union,  Air  Drill. 
*        u   Pump, 
.bb/  *       Boiler  Couplings. 

Circulating  Boiler  Couplings. 
Eccentric. 

aiMnsl*       Ells  and  Tee8< 
Extra  Heavy. 

Flange. 
Hexagon. 
Hose. 
Hydraulic. 
Male  and  Female. 
bo$  r   Octagon. 

Radiator  Gate  Valves. 

Valves,  Special  Pattern. 
botf       Round. 

.sko    Service  Cocks. 
,^bo-*       Specialties. 
Q  grr,;"       Standard  Gate  Valves. 
.93loY  rfriw  bsanB^     :bo&  «•••        '         Globe  and  Angle  Valvea. 

,<boa"  /it. Swing  Check  Valves. 
Keys  for  Lock  and  Shield  Valves. 
.saloY  ifiiv/  *   Radiator  Air  Valves. 
JannoS  8«fi"   Street  Washer. 

Laterals,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 
Flanged. 
Reducing. 
Straight. 

Lock-Nut  Tank  Nipples. 
Lock-Nuts,  Brass,  Cast  Iron  and  Malleable. 
Casing. 
Faced. 

Long  Screw  Couplings. 
"         *      Followers. 

•  Screws. 

•  Sweep  Fittings,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 

Crosses. 
Ells. 
•    "  "        Flanged,  Cast  Iron. 

•  -  •        Tees. 

•  Turn  Fittings,  Flanged  and  Screwed. 
"         •     Y  Branches. 

Machine  Bolts, 

Malleable  Fittings,  Plain  and  Beaded. 

"  *        Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 

"         Acorns. 

Boiler  Fittings. 
Bracket  Ells. 
"          Bushings. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  167  to  182 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  531 


Malleable  Caps. 

*  Chandelier  Hooks  and  Loops. 

*  Circulating  Boiler  Fittings. 
"          Cock  Wrenches 

*  Couplings. 

*  •         Faced. 

"  ilar  V>      Hexagon. 

*  *          Long  Screw. 

"  *         Offset  Reducing. 

"          Crosses. 

R.  H. 

•        R.  &  L. 
"         Cross-Over  Tees. 
Cross-Overs. 

Back  Outlet. 
"          Drive  Caps. 

*  *      Shoes. 
Drop  Ells,  Female. 

"  «         «     Male  and  Female. 

•      Tees,  Female. 
"  u         u      Male  an(j  Female. 

*  Elbows  and  Tees. 

a  *       45  Degree. 

*      Street. 

"         Extension  Pieces. 
"          Faced  Bushings. 
Flange  Unions. 
Followers,  Faced. 

Long  Screw. 
4- Way  Tees. 
"          Hydrant  Clamps. 
"         Handles. 
Hydraulic  Flange  Unions. 
"  "          Fittings. 

;    TLock*uts- 

Long  Drop  fclls. 

Nipples,  Hexagon,  R.  &  L. 

Nipple  Tees. 

"          Offset  Reducing  Couplings. 
"          Railing  Fittings. 
"         Reducing  Couplings. 

Reducers. 

"          Return  Bends. 
"  "       5,,  f >j    Close  Pattern. 

*  *  *      Open  Pattern. 

*  Saddles. 

*  Service  Clamps. 

Y  Pattern. 
"         Side  Outlet  Ells  and  Tees 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  1,  167  to  182 


532    List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 

.  Malleable  Steam  Pipe  Saddles. 

*  Straps. 

a         Street  Elbows. 

*  "      Tees. 

'  u      Washer  Keys. 

3-Way  E113. 

*  Union  Ells  and  Tees. 
Unions. 

Wall  Plates. 
"          Waste  Nuts. 

*  Water  Pipe  Clamps. 
"          Wrenches,  Cock. 

*  Y  Branches,  Parallel. 
Y's. 

*  Double  Branch. 
"    45  Degree. 

•  60  Degree. 
Manifolds. 

Marcy  Check  Tubular  Well  Valves. 

*  Plunger  Tubular  Well  Valves. 
Meter  Cocks,  Gas. 

"  *         u    with  union  and  lock. 

«         «        «     "KEWANEE"  Union. 
'  a  *      Lock. 

«     Gas  Service. 
Nipple  Tees. 

Nipples,  Brass,  Malleable  and  Wrought. 
«      Soldering. 

*  Casing. 

•  Galvanized. 
Lock  Nut. 

*  Long  Screw. 

•  R.  &  L.  Hexagon  Center. 
Tank. 

Offsets,  Flanged,  Cast  Iron. 
Plates,  Cast  Iron,  Ceiling. 

*  •         •      Expansion. 

*  •         •     Floor. 

•     Hook. 
•         •      Ring. 

*  Malleable,  Wall. 
Plugs/Brass.  Cast  Iron  and  Malleable. 

*  Countersunk. 
"      Galvanized. 

*  Left  Hand. 

"       Radiator,  Ornamental 

*  Solid. 

__ "      Tapped  for  Air  Valvea. 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  1,  167  to  182 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  533 


Points,  Drive  Well,  Brass  Jacket. 

•  Flush  or  Tubular  Well. 
"       Open  Center  Banner. 

Scott  Perfection,  Drive  Well. 
Single  Screen. 

*  Washer. 

Poppet  Tubular  Well  Valves,  All  Brass. 
Radiator  Air  Valves,  Compression. 
"  "         *       and  Keys. 

*  Bushings. 

*  Connections,  Union  Elbows,  Brass. 

*  Gate  Valves  with  "  KEWANEE  "  Union. 

«  «       "KEWANEE"  Union,  Special  Pattern. 

Valves. 

*  tt       Brass  Disc. 
"  "       Corner. 

"         "N.  T.  C."  Jenkins  Disc. 

u       Hot  Water. 

"       Jenkins  Disc,"N.T.C.",  with  Lock  and  Shield. 
«         1  c*e  rf:        «  «  «  «     Union. 

«         899T  rf  rurt€         «  «  without  Union. 

"       Lock  and  Shield. 

"       Quick  Opening. 

a       Special  Brass  Disc  with  Union. 

*  a         •     without  Union. 

•  Jenkins  Disc,  "N.  T.  C.",  with  Union. 
"              "            "  "  •  "       without  Union. 

*  "with  "KEWANEE" 

Union. 

"  "       with  or  without  Union. 

Radiators,  Wrought  Pipe  and  Wrought  Tubing,  Circular,  Stag- 
gered Tube. 
ifibn£.'     Wrought  Pipe  and  Wrought  Tubing,  Vertical  Tube 

1  Row  Tubes. 

Wrought  Pipe  and  Wrought  Tubing,  Vertical  Tube, 

2  Rows  Tubes. 

Wrought  Pipe  and  Wrought  Tubing,  Vertical  Tube, 

3  Rows  Tubes. 

1'  ##:      Wrought  Pipe  and  Wrought  Tubing,  Vertical  Tube, 

4  Rows  Tubes. 

Wrought  Pipe  and-Wrought  Tubing,  Vertical  Tube. 

5  Rows  Tubes. 

*          Wrought  Pipe  and  Wrought  Tubing,  Vertical  Tube, 

6  Rows  Tubes. 

Railing  Fittings,  Brass  and  Malleable  Iron. 
Reducers,  Brass. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  167  to  182 


534  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


Reducers,  Cast  Iron. 
Casing. 
Eccentric. 

*  Flanged. 

"          Galvanized. 

"          Malleable,  Beaded  and  Plain. 

a         Offset,  Eccentric. 

"          Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 

*  Taper,  Flanged. 

Reducing  Fittings,  Brass,  Cast  Iron  and  Malleable. 

*  i  .ev/o     Bushings. 

*  Cast  Iron  Companion  Flanges,  Standard  and  Extra 

Heavy. 

*  "        "     Crosses,  Flanged. 

*  •        *     Double  Branch  Elbows. 

•     '  '.* ',-,        "        Tees,  Standard  and  Extra 
Heavy. 

*  •        "          *       90  Degree  Y  Branches,  Tee  Pat- 

tern. 

*  "        "          "        Branch  90  Degree  Y  Branch. 

*  "        *          *       Branch  Tees,  Standard  and  Extra 

Heavy. 

*  *        "          •       90  Degree  Y  Branches,  Tee  Pat- 

tern. 

oiA?/  l  c*rf$v.      *          "       oo  Degree  Long  Turn  Y  Branches, 
Tee  Pattern. 

*  *        "     Elbows,    Flanged,    Standard    and    Extra 

Heavy. 

*  "        "     Elbows,    Screwed,    Standard    and    Extra 

Heavy. 
J  ,|nrd  iT  fei-  "     Flanges. 

"  *        •     Four-Way  Tees,  Flanged. 

*  T'fii:      "     Laterals,   Flanged,   Standard   and   Extra 

Heavy. 

*  •        *     Side  Outlet   Elbows,   Flanged,  Standard 

and  Extra  Heavy. 
"     Single  Sweep  Tees,  Flanged,  Standard  and 

Extra  Heavy. 
"       -T*iisi.""     Taper   Elbows,    Flanged,    Standard    and 

Extra  Heavy. 

/   *nid       *        *     Tee9»  Flanged  and  Screwed,  Standard  and 
Extra  Heavy. 

*  it'te-"     Tees,  Casing. 

*  *     Twin  Elbows. 

*  "     Y  Branches,  Flanged,  Standard  and  Extra 

Heavy. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  7,  167  to  18% 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  535 


Reducing  Cast  Iron  Y  Branches,  Double  45  Degree. 
"         Crosses,  Brass. 

*  u        Casing. 

*  Elbows,  Brass. 

«  "        Casing. 

"         Malleable  Couplings. 

Regrinding  Valves,  "N.  T.  C.",  Globe,  Angle  and  Check,  Brass. 
Return  Bends,  Brass,  Cast  and  Malleable  Iron. 
Back  Outlet. 

*  •       Beaded,  Medium  and  Open. 
"  *       Car  Heater. 

*  "       Casing. 

Close,  Plain. 
"  Galvanized. 
•  Open  and  Flat  Back. 

Pitched. 
"  a       Screwed,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 

Wide  Pattern. 
Rod  Couplings,  Drill. 

Malleable. 

"  u          Wood. 

"     Sockets,  Pump. 
Roof  Connections. 
Running  Traps. 
Saddle  Flanges,  Cast  Iron. 
Saddles,  Steam  Pipe,  Malleable. 
Safety  Valves,  Brass,  Brass  Disc. 

*  «  "      Jenkins  Disc,"N.T.C.",  Angle  and  Cross. 
"        Iron  Body. 

*  "       Low  Pressure,  Ball  Weighted. 
Screws,  Long. 

Sheet  Brass,  Perforated  for  Single  Screen  Drive  Well  Points. 
Shoes,  Drive,  Malleable. 
Sockets,  Pump  Rod. 
Sprinkler  Fittings. 

"         Valves. 
Stands,  Laundry  Coil. 
Steam  Fittings,  Brass,  Wrought  Pipe  Size. 
Strainers,  Artesian  Well. 

"          Large  Irrigation. 

Suction  Pipe. 
Stuffing  Boxes,  Brass. 
Swing  Check  Valves,  Brass. 

«  «  «        Iron  Body,  Horizontal  and  Vertical. 

Swing  Check  Valves,  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
Syphons,  Steam  Gauge. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k>  1,  167  to 


536  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


Tees,  Brass,  Rough  and  Finished. 
"      Cast  Iron,  Branch. 
u         "         "      Car  Heater. 
"**i.--.*      Casing. 

*  "         "      Circulation. 

a         "         "     Double  Sweep,  Flanged. 
"         "         "      Eccentric. 

*  "         "      Flanged,  Side  Outlet. 

"      4- Way  Flanged. 
"         "         "     Long  Sweep,  Screwed. 
«  Turn,  Screwed. 

*  "         *      Screwed  and  Flanged. 

"         u         u     Single  Sweep,  Flanged. 
"=»*«*     Standard  and  Extra  Heavy.     • 
u      Malleable,  Beaded  and  Plain,  Screwed. 
u  "          Drop. 

TV^H          "  "      Male  and  Female. 

"  "          Eccentric. 

4- Way. 

*  "          Hydraulic. 

"KEWANEE"  Union. 
"  "          Long  Drop. 

"          Railing. 
"  *          Service. 

"  "        with  Male  Branch. 

"  "          Side  Outlet. 

8          u       Railing. 
"  Union. 

Traps,  Running. 

"       Steam. 

Tuyere  Cocks,  3- Way,  Brass,  Heavy. 
Union  Bends. 

«       Boiler  Couplings,  "KEWANEE." 
"      Angle  Valves,  " KEWANEE." 
"      Elbows,  "KEWANEE." 

Malleable. 
a        Radiator. 

u      Gate  Valves,  "KEWANEE." 
"      Globe  Valves,  "KEWANEE." 
a      Service  Cocks,  " KEWANEE." 
"      Swing  Check  Valves,  "  KEWANEE." 
"      Tees,  "KEWANEE." 
*          *      Malleable. 
Unions,  Brass,  Finished. 

u  •      Flange,  Hydraulic. 

"    •  '  u        Rough. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  7,  167  to  182 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  537 


Unions,  Brass,  Octagon. 
*        Cast  Iron,  Flange. 

..*       "NATIONAL." 
"      A.vftL     "  U       Oil  Country. 

"  a       With  Lip. 

Malleable  Flange. 

«       Hydraulic. 
«       "KEWANEE." 
Two-thirds. 

"KEWANEE"  Air  Drill. 
"    Pump. 
Eccentric. 

"  «  Extra  Heavy. 

Flange. 
Hexagon. 
Hose. 
Hydraulic. 
Male  and  Female. 
Octagon. 
Round  End. 
Valves,  Brass. 

u      Acid. 

*  Air. 

*  Blast  Furnace. 


"      Check. 


Adjustable. 


bn 

•  Horizontal. 

with  Drip  Cock. 
"       Jenkins  Disc,  "N.  T.  C." 

•  "N.  T.  C."  Regrinding. 
Swing. 

•       "KEWANEE  "Union. 

•  Vertical. 
Coke  Oven. 

•      Cross. 

rmrtS  31   "      Handle. 
"  "  a  •        with  Slip  Joint. 

"      Gate. 
"      Globe. 

*  *      Hose. 

,  |an,  f  Jenkins  Disc,  "N.  T.  C." 
3  J02;f^ock  and  Snield«  Natural  Gas. 

*  "      "N.  T.  C."  Regrinding. 
"      Needle  Point. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  k,  7,  167  to  188 


538  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


Valves,  Brass,  Radiator. 

«  «  «         Air 

*  «        :>IliA      Corner,  Offset. 

Gate,  with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 
«  «        3kUriJi    Hot  Water. 

Special,  with  "KEWANEE"  Union. 

'  and  Shield.00 

"  "  4-"\>?          u  "     with  Union. 

"  "  u  u      7rH$   without  Union. 

"      Safety. 
«  "         •?<?'  Low  Pressure. 

"  "       "  Special  Pattern. 

"  "        "  with  "N.  T.  C."  Jenkins  Disc. 

"        Iron  Body,  Angle,  Check,  Gate  and  Globe. 

*  "       Flanged  with  Yoke. 

*  "        'kbn  *  '^     Screwed  with  Yoke. 

"  Check,  Horizontal  and  Vertical. 
"           "         "  "       Swing. 

*  "         "  "  *      with"N.T.C."  Jenkins  Disc. 

*  *         •  Cross,  Screwed  with  Yoke. 

*  *          "  "Eurema"  Y. 

"      Flanged  and  Screwed,  with  Yoke. 

"      Foot. 

"  «         "       Gate,  Blast  Furnace. 

"  "         "  "      Compound  Screw,  O.  S.  &  Y. 

"      Converse  Joint,  N.  R.  S. 

*  "      Double  Disc,  N.  R.  S.,  Flanged  or 

Hub  End. 

*  8rt#>jr.     «          «      Double  Disc,  N.  R.  S.,  Screwed. 

"      N.  R.  S.;  O.  S.  &  Y.; 
Screwed  or  Flanged. 

*  "          a  •      Electrically  Operated. 
"           "         "          "      for  Wood  Pipe. 

"      Gear  Operated. 

*  "         "  "      Half-Rising  Stem. 

"      Hub  End,  N.  R.  S. 

"     and  Spigot,  N.  R.  S. 
"  "          "  "      Hydraulic. 

"  "         "  "      Matheson  Joint. 

...+  'A:3P -:,K  >,p-  N   R   g  Double  Disc. 
«      '».c.«  a$tij$yi  ,lii*jflc        «        Spigot  End. 
.       iftf^im^.;       -        Wedge  Disc. 

*  ;  *^  •- —^    with  By-pass. 

*      O.  S.  &  Y.  Double  Disc. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4,  1,  167  to  182 


List  of  Products— "KEWANEE"  539 


Valves,  Iron  Body,  Gate,  O.  S.  &  Y.  Spigot  End. 
,*LtaMffl         «          Wedge. 
«      jd»T  .    ^"•7V/     with  By-pass. 
r"?ir"'      •         •          •      Quick  Opening. 
a      Screwed. 

•  «         •  •      Swing  Check. 

«         «  «      Underwriters'  Indicator,  Double 

Disc. 

"  *         "          "      Underwriters'  Indicator,  O.  S.  &  Y. 

Wedge  Disc. 
"          *         *          *      with  Spur  or  Bevel  Gear. 

"         "          "         "     Union,  Blast  Furnace. 

"     Yoke. 
"         "      Globe  and  Angle. 

a         "         a      Brass  Mounted,  Screwed, 

and  Flanged. 
"  "         "  •         •         •      Brass  Mounted, 

"N.T.C."  Jenkins  Disc. 
•        •        "      Brass  Mounted,  Plain. 
"          «        "        "      Brass     Mounted,     with 

Yoke. 
"         "          "         "        "      Screwed  and  Flanged. 

u      with  "N.  T.  C."  Jenkins 

Disc. 

"       Radiator  Air. 
"  *        Corner,  Offset. 

Gate,  with  "  KEWANEE  "  Union. 
Hot  Water. 

Special  with  "  KEWANEE  "  Union. 
"  a       "N.T.C."  J.  D.  with  Lock  and  Shield. 

"      f3$$  "     Union. 
•  "  ilo¥7  liliftii  without  Union. 

"  "  «          a     with  or  without  Union. 

"        with  or  without  Union. 
u       Safety,  Weight  and  Lever,  Brass. 
*£$/i£  jWSftnfi        «          *         «       Iron  Body. 

•  Sprinkler. 
Wall  Plates,  Malleable. 
Washer  Keys,  Malleable. 

•  Points,  Wrought. 
Waste  Nuts,  Malleable. 
Water  Columns,  Cast  Iron. 

"       Fittings,  Long  Sweep,  Cast  Iron. 

•  Gate  Valves,  Iron  Body. 
"       Pipe  Clamps,  Malleable. 

"     Saddles,  Malleable. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  it,  T,  167  to  182 


540  List  of  Products— "KEWANEE" 


Well  Cylinders,  Eureka  Tubular. 
"       .»aI»V/     Tubular,  Brass  Lined . 

9  ifci;      Wrought,  Tubular. 
u     Points,  Brass  Jacket. 

*  a       Drive  and  Well  Supplies. 
a          u       Extension  or  Open  End. 

*  *       Flush  or  Tubular. 
"          "       Large  Size. 

"•          "         «     Railroad. 
a          "  "         "     Waterworks, 

.ifik)  I3V98    °Pen  Center  Banner. 

*  "       Scott  Perfection. 
B          *       Single  Screen. 

•       Washer. 
Valves,  Tubular. 

bosiijjra  iSis    Al1  Brass  Spool  Poppet. 
Wheels  and  Handles  for  Brass  Valves, 
niainsl  tf       for  Iron  Body  Valves. 

Wire  Cloth,  Brass,  New  and  Renovated. 
Wrenches  for  Steam  and  Gas  Cocks,  Malleable. 

«   Lock  Shield  Air  Cocks. 
Wrought  Fittings. 

*  Couplings. 

*  "         Car  Heater. 
u                *         Casing. 

Drill  Rod. 
,n  "          Long  Screw  and  Followers. 

Sleeve  Tubing. 
"        Nipples. 

*  a        Casing. 
"        Tube  Radiators. 

u         Tubular  Well  Cylinders,  Barrel  Only. 

a  a  a          Complete. 

Y  Bends,  Brass,  Cast  and  Malleable  Iron. 
"        *       Casing. 
"  Branches,  Cast  Iron,  Flanged,  Standard  and  Extra  Heavy. 

*  *  •        *     Reducing. 

*     Screwed. 

*  *         Malleable,  Double,  Screwed. 

*  *  u          Parallel  Banded. 

*  Valves,  Brass,  "Eurema." 

"        "  "       "N.  T.  C."  Jenkins  Disc. 

*  *  *      Special  Pattern. 

*  «        Iron  Body. 

a      "Eurema." 
Y's,  Casing. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  b  7,  167  to  18% 


Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 


541 


USES  OF  "NATIONAL"  PIPE 

To  many  people  pipe  is  just  "pipe" — a  product  used  for  conveying 
gases  and  liquids  from  one  point  to  another.  While  it  is  true  that  a  large 
proportion  of  the  pipe  in  use  at  the  present  time  is  used  for  these  pur- 
poses, still,  the  number  of  uses  for  pipe  in  the  mechanical  field  is  exceed- 
ingly large,  and  is  rapidly  increasing. 
.ilsW  liO  * 

The  list  of  a  number  of  uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  which  follows 
is  not  complete,  but  is  fairly  representative  of  the  varied  uses  of 
"NATIONAL"  Pipe. 


.. 


Accessories    for    Air    and    Electric 

Drills. 

Acid  Piping. 

Agricultural  Implements 
Air  Brake  Pipes,  Compressors,  Inter 

Coolers. 
"    Conductors. 
*   Distributing  Apparatus. 
u   Drills. 
"   Drums. 
u   Lines. 
u   Pumps. 
a   Shafts. 
Ammonia  Coils. 

u         Cylinders.  Anhydrous. 
u         Lines. 

Anhydrous  Ammonia  Cylinders. 
Animal  Cages. 
Apparatus,  Air  Distributing. 
Dry  Kiln. 
Gymnasium. 

*  Ice  Making. 
Play  Grounds. 
Steam  Gauge  Testing* 

Arc  Light  Supports. 

Arch  Pipes. 

Automobile  Exhaust  Pipes, 

*  Gear  Shifts. 
Manufacture  of. 

Awning  Brackets. 

"       Frames. 
.:•.  ^-.i-.Pipe,  Manufacture  of. 


Axles. 

"      for  Newspaper  Rolls, 

simem^ 
Baby  Carriages. 
Baker-Heater  Pipes. 
Balcony  Railings. 
Barrels,  Blasting. 
Beams,  Brake. 
Bed  Steads. 

"         u       Frames  for. 

"          a       Manufacture  of 

Beer  Coolers. 
« 


Beet  Toppers. 


Bell  Cord  Protecting  Pipe 

Bends,  Steam. 

Bicycles,  Manufacture  of. 

Blast  Furnace  Bustle  Pipes. 

Blasting  Barrels. 

Blower  Pipe. 

Blowing  Engines. 

Boiler  Tubes. 

Bolts,  Foundation. 

Box  Coils. 

Braces,  for  Structural  Work. 

Bracket,  Awnings. 

Coils. 

Brake  Beams. 
Bridge  Pipe,  Locomotive. 
Building,  Columns. 

a         Construction. 
Bushings. 


This  information   supplements   that   on   page  7 


542 


Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 


Cages,  Animal. 
Candelabra. 
Carriages,  Baby. 
Cars,  Elevator 
Casing. 

"       Dog  Guard. 
boSor.  for  Elevator  Plungers. 
Catchers,  Cow. 
Cement  Conveyors. 
Chain  Supports  for  Subway  Cars. 
Chairs,  Invalid. 
Chandeliers. 

"  Electric. 

Gas. 

Chemical  Conveyors. 
Chutes  for  Scrap  Metal. 
Clay  Transmission  Lines, 
Clothes  Reels. 
Coils. 

"      Ammonia. 
a      Box. 
a      Bracket. 
"      Condenser. 
"      Conductor. 
"      Heater. 

"      Heating,  for  Mine  Service. 
Columns  for  Buildings. 

"         Pump. 
Condenser  Coils. 

*          Tubes    for    Sugar    Re- 
fineries. 

"  "          "   Various  Pur- 

poses. 

Conductor,  Air. 
Conduit. 

"         Electrical 
"         Insulation. 
Connecting  Rods. 
Construction,  Building. 
Conveyors,  Cement. 

Chemical. 
Coolers,  Ice. 

Cooling  Systems,  Gas  Engine. 
Cores. 
Cots. 
Cow  Catchers. 


Cups,  Thermometer. 
Cyanide      Process      for      Refining 
Metals. 

/->      f       J 

Cylinders. 

a         for  Anhydrous  Ammonia. 

u  Elevator  Plungers. 
"         Oxygen. 
Cylinders,  Loom. 

Oil  Well. 
*         Pneumatic  Tools. 


Dead  Rollers. 

Die  Stock  Handles. 

Diggers,  Post  Hole. 

8        Potato. 
Discharging    Pipe   for   Condensers 

on  Steam  Lines. 

Distance  Pieces  in  Mine  Railwork 
Dollies,  Timber. 
Drain  Pipes. 
Drainage  Lines. 
Dredge  Discharge  Lines 
Drill  Pipe. 

*     Rods. 
Drills,  Air. 
Drilled  Wells. 
Drinking  Water  Systems 
Drive  Pipe. 

8      Well  Points. 
Driven  Wells. 
Dry  Kiln  Apparatus. 
Dry  Pipes. 


Electric  Conduit. 

"        Dynamo  Supports. 

a        Heaters. 

"        Light  Supports. 

a        Line  Poles. 

a        Motor  Frames. 

"        Sign  Supports. 

"        Signal  Supports. 

"        Truck  Frames. 

"        and  Air  Drill  Accessories. 
Elevator  Cars  and  Grill  Work. 


This  information  supplements   that   on  page  7 


Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 


543 


Elevator  Casing  for  Plungers. 

"        Grain  Spouts. 

"       Plungers. 

Engine  Supports  in  Automobiles. 
Exhaust  Pipes. 
Expansion  Pipes. 

• 
Farming  Implements. 

Feed  Pipe,  Intercooling. 

a     Line  on  Gas  Stoves. 
Fence  Posts. 
Fences,  Ornamental. 


u       Tennis  Court. 
Fenders,  Car. 
Fire  Escape  Work. 
Fishing  Rods. 
Flag  Poles. 
Flush  Tubing. 
Foot  Rails. 
Foundation  Bolts. 
Frames,  Agricultural. 

a        Awning. 
Bed  Stead. 

"        Electric  Signs. 

u        Trucks. 

"        Gymnasium. 

*        Machinery. 

"        Mattress. 

"        Play  Grounds. 

"        Reading  Stand. 

"        Wheelbarrow. 
Work  Bench. 

" 
Gas  Chandeliers. 

"     Conductor. 

"     Engine  Cooling  Systems. 

11     Fixtures. 

"    Lines. 

"    Stoves. 

"         a       Feed  Line. 

*          "       Railing. 
Gasoline  Lines. 
Gates 

"      Ornamental. 
Grain  Spouts,  in  Elevators. 


Grape  Vine  Trellis. 
Grill  and  Elevator  Work. 
Grip  Pipe. 
Guard  Rails. 
Guards,  Window. 
Gymnasium  Apparatus. 

Hammers,  Steam. 
Hand  Rails. 
Handles. 

*  Die  Stock. 

*  Lever. 
Shovel. 


Hawser. 


Pipe  for  Boats. 
Headers. 
Heater  Coils. 
Heaters,  Electric 

"         Instantaneous. 
Heating  Systems. 

*        Coils  for  Mine  Service. 
Heavy  Railing. 
Hitching  Posts. 
Hollow  Shafts. 
Hospital  Furniture. 
Hot  Air  Furnaces. 
Hydraulic  Discharge  Pipe. 

*          Ram  Casing. 

a          Transmission  Lines. 
Hydro  Electric  Power  Transmission 
Lines. 

Ice  Making  Apparatus 
•    Coolers. 

Implements,  Farming. 
Instantaneous  Heaters. 
Inter  Coolers,  Air  Compressors. 
Invalid  Chairs. 
Irrigation  Systems. 

'«;•  viurjjSiua.i*lSi  .eofoT-' 
Jacks,  Manufacture  of. 
Jail  Windows  and  Doors. 

Kiln  Dry,  Apparatus. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page  7 


544 


Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 


Ladder  Rungs. 
Ladders. 
Lamp  Brackets. 

«      Posts. 

Lathes,  Manufacture  of. 
Lever  Rods  for  Jump  Saw*. 

"      Handles. 
Line  Pipe. 
Lines*  Air. 

"      Ammonia. 

"      Clay  Transmission. 

*  Discharge. 
u      Drainage. 

*  Dredge. 

"      Hydraulic  Transmission 
Lines,  Phosphate  Rock  Transmis- 
sion. 

*  Sewerage. 
"      Steam. 

"      Water. 

"      ,.r^«       f°r  Sprinkling  in 
Dusty  Mines. 

Live  Rollers  in  Lumber  Mills. 
Locomotive  Bridge  Pipes. 

Sand  Pipes. 
Loom  Cylinders. 

.et>C 

Lunch  Counter  Stools. 

Machinery  Frames. 

Mandrels. 

Manufacture  of  Automobiles. 

"  "  Bed  Steads. 

"  "  Bicycles. 

"  "  Motorcycles. 

Masts. 

u      Warship. 
Mattress  Frames. 
Mines,  Pneumatic  Signals  for. 
Motorboat  Exhaust  Pipes. 
Motorcycles,  Manufacture  of. 


Newspaper  Axle  Rolls. 

Novelties. 

Nipples. 


Office  Railings. 
Oil  Lines. 
"    Well  Casing. 
«.WiH     Cylinders. 
*       *     Drive  Pipe. 
"       "     Rotary  Drive  Pipe. 

"     Tubing, 
Ornamental  Fixtures. 

Work  for  Light  Poles. 


Paint  Lines. 

Paper  Cores. 

Partitions. 

Phosphate  Rock  Transmission 

Lines. 

Piano  Movers'  Rollers. 
Piling  for  Piers 
Pillars. 
Pipe. 

Acid. 

'     Air  Brake« 
'     Arch. 


eJao'T 
smO   - 


tfluohsA 

Baker-Heater. 
u     Blast  Furnace  Bustle. 

*  Blower. 

\     Drain'     .mui8£ 
Drill. 

'     Drv- 

'     Exhaust. 
'     Expansion. 
"     Locomotive  Bridge. 
"     Motorboat  Exhaust. 
"     Protection  for  Bell  Cords. 
u     Racks. 
"     Stands. 
Piston  Rods. 

•  "of  Shot  Gun  on  Lum- 

ber Carriages. 
Play  Ground  Apparatus. 
Plumbing  Systems. 
Plungers. 

u        Casing. 
a        Elevator. 
Pneumatic  Signal  System  for  Mines. 

"          Tool  Cylinders. 
Points,  Drive  Well. 


This  information  supplements   that  on  page  >1  ^ 


Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 


545 


Poles. 

"      Electric  Lighting. 

"      Flag. 

"      Power  Transmission. 

"      Railway  Signal. 

"      Telegraph. 

"      Telephone. 

"      Traction. 

"      Transmission. 

"      Wireless  Telegraph. 
Post  Hole  Diggers. 
Posts,  Fence. 

«      Sign. 
Potato  Diggers. 
Power  Plants. 
Printing  Press  Rollers. 
Protecting  Pipe  for  Bell  Cords. 

"  Tubes  for  Pyrometers. 

Pump  Columns. 

"      Handles. 
Pump  Plungers. 

"      Set. 
Pumps. 

"       Air. 
Pyrometer  Protecting  Tubes. 


Racks,  Display  for  Clothing,  etc. 
Radiators. 

Ra^oS  Tell  Tables. 
Railings  for  Balconies. 

Office. 
Rails,  Foot. 
"      Hand. 


IteW 


hd 


on  Gas  Stoves. 


Railway  Signal  Poles. 
•      Rods. 

Ram  Casing,  Hydraulic. 
Reels,  Clothes. 
Refrigerating  Systems. 
Refineries. 

Refining;  Cyanide  Process. 
Retorts. 

Rocker  Frames  for  Rocker  Lumber 
Saws. 


Rods. 

"      Connecting. 

"      Drill. 

"      Fishing. 
boK.  S'Lever. 

."   -'Railway  Signal. 

"      Sucker. 
Rollers,  Dead. 

u        Heavy-weight. 
"        Moving. 
"        Piano  Movers'. 
Rolls,  Newspaper  Axle. 
Rotary  Pipe. 
Rotary  Drive  Pipe. 
Rungs. 

"       Ladder. 
Runners  for  Sleighs. 

o  f    T^  -ji«a'S  QiiJ.'wIH    " 
Safe  Ends. 

Sand  Pipes  for  Locomotives. 
Scrap  Metal  Chutes. 
Sewerage  Lines. 
Shafting. 
Shafts. 

-  Hollow. 

-  Pulley. 
Shovel  Handles. 
Sign  Posts. 
Signal  Apparatus. 

"       Interlocking. 

"      Pneumatic,  for  Mines. 

"      Poles. 

•  Rods. 

*  Towers. 
Signals,  Railroad. 

Sign,  Electric,  Supports  for. 

"     Posts. 
Size  Rings  (for  driving  down  wood 

piling). 
Sleeves. 

Socket  Wrenches. 
Speaking  Tubes. 
Spokes  for  Wheels. 
Spouts,  Grain,  in  Elevators. 
Sprinkler  Systems. 

yi.&rt'<          «        for  Dusty  Mines. 


This  information  supplements   that  on  page  7 


546 


Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 


Stanchions. 
Stand  Pipes. 
Steam  Bends. 

"      Conductors. 

"      Feed  Valves  Connecting  Rod 
for  Lumber  Carriage. 

"      Gauge  Testing  Apparatus. 

u      Hammers. 

*      Lines. 

Stools  for  Lunch  Counters. 
Stoves,  Manufacture  of. 
Strainers. 

Structural  Work  Braces. 
Sucker  Rods. 

Superheater  Calorimeter  Parts. 
Supporting  Rods  for  Water  Meter. 
Supports  for  Chimneys. 
u           u    Dynamos. 
u          u   Electric  Signs. 

«   Tables. 
Systems, 

*  Drinking  Water. 

*  Fire  Protection. 

"         Gas  Engine  Cooling. 

*  Heating. 

"  Irrigation. 
"  Plumbing. 
"  Pneumatic  Signal  for 

Mines. 

"         Refrigerating. 
"         Sewerage. 

Signal. 

Sprinkler. 
u        Vacuum. 

Water. 


Table  Supports. 

Tanks. 

Telegraph  Poles. 

Telephone  Poles. 

Turn  Tables,  Railroad. 

Tennis  Court  Fences. 

Thermometer  Cups. 

Timber  Dollies. 

Tools,  Pneumatic  Cylinders  for. 


Toppers,  Beet. 
Towers,  Signal. 

"        Transmission  Line. 

Windmill. 
Transmission  Lines. 

-      Clay. 

"  "      Electric. 

"  *      Hydraulic. 

"  "       Power. 

"  "      Towers. 

Trolley  Poles. 

Trucks,  Frames  for  Electric. 
Trunks,  Manufacture  of. 
Tubes, 

Boiler. 

*       Condenser,   for  Sugar   Re- 
fineries. 
.i^r  i  Pyrometer  Protecting. 

a       Speaking. 
Tubing,  Flush. 
Tubular  Poles. 
Turnstiles. 
Tuyere  Pipes. 


Vacuum  Systems. 


.eqmu'I 

*1  191 


Warship  Masts. 
Water  Conductors. 
Water  Drinking  Systems. 

*  Lines. 

"      Meter  Supporting  Rods. 
Well  Points. 

a          •       Drive. 

*     Casing. 
Wells,  Drilled. 

"      Driven. 
Wheel  Barrow  Frames. 

«  *       Handles. 

u      Spokes. 
Windmill  Towers. 
Window  Guards. 
Wireless  Telegraph  Apparatus. 

•  •          Poles. 
odifmJ      }Bo*&        Towers. 

Wrenches,  Socket. 


This  information  supplements   that   on  page  7 


Uses  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubing 


547 


SOME  USES  OF  "SHELBY"  SEAMLESS 
STEEL  TUBING 


Adjustable  Lamp  Supports. 
Agricultural  Implements. 
Air  Compressors. 
"    Drums. 
*    Hammer  Barrels. 
Arbors  for  Revolving  Paper  Slitters. 
Armature  Shaft  Sleeves. 
Automatic  Battens  for  Ribbon 

Loom. 

Automobile  Parts. 
Axles. 

*  Coils. 

"  Engines,   Manufacture 

of. 


Axles  of  All  Kinds. 


i 


' 
Almond  Drill  Chuck. 

Airships. 
Animal  Cages. 
Artificial  Limbs. 
Automatic  Piano  Players. 

"          Ice  Cream  Freezers. 

Baby  Carriages,  Manufacture  of. 
Balcony  Railing. 
Ball  Bearings. 
•     Bearing  Cages. 

•        Sleeves. 
"     Retainers. 
Barrel  Drills. 

Bedsteads,  Manufacture  of. 
Beer  Cooling  Tubes. 
Bicycles,  Manufacture  of. 
Bicycle  Hangers. 

"       Pumps. 
Blow  Pipes. 
Boring  Bars. 

a       Bar  Spindles. 
Braces. 
Brush  Machinery,  Manufacture  of. 


Burial  Devices,  Manufacture  of. 

Burner  Pipes. 

Burners,  Automobiles. 

Bushings. 

Brick   Cutting   Drills   for   Electric 
and  Telephone  Work. 

Bushings  for  Carrying  Idle  Rolls. 

Bends  on  Steam  Pipe. 

Boiler  Tubes. 

Butter  Cutters. 

Bulb,  Electric,  Manipulators. 

Button  Cutters. 

Bowling  Pin  Setters. 

Bologna  Sausage  Stuffing  Machines. 

Bicycle  Repair  Work. 
"       Hubs. 

Book  Stacks. 

Bottle  Washing   Machine,    Manu- 
facture of. 

Bells. 

Carbonic  Acid  Gas  Cylinders. 

Card  Grinders. 

Carriage  Trimmings. 

Cash  Cups  for  Cash  Carriers. 
*  "      Registers,  Manufacture  of. 

Casting  Machine  Bushings. 

Cloth  Singeing  Machinery,  Manu- 
facture of. 

Coaster  Brakes. 

Coils. 

Collars. 

Condensers,  Manfacture  of. 

Conducting  Tubes. 

Construction  of  Concrete  Molds. 

Core  Barrels. 
"     Machine  Dies. 

Cream  Separator  Bowls. 

Curling  Irons. 

Cycle  Motors,  Manufacture  of. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page 


548 


Uses  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubing 


Chimes. 

Cigar  Cutters. 

Cutting  Punches. 

Church  Truck. 

Car  Wheels,  Guide  Frames. 

Clothes  Driers. 

Cigarette  Machine. 

Carbureters. 

Conduits,  Manufacture  of. 

Cars,  Manufacture  of. 

Coffee  Mills,  Electric. 

Couches,  Manufacture  of. 

Crucible  Melting  Pots. 

Candy  Molds,  Chocolate. 

Cylinders,  Air  Hoist. 

a          Shipping  Container. 
^niiTjfif    Anhydrous  Ammonia. 

Dental  Chairs,  Manufacture  of. 

"       Engines,  Manufacture  of. 
Diamond  Drill  Rods. 
Die  Stock  Handles. 
Draw  Bars  for  Bench  Lathes. 
Drills,  Manufacture  of. 

*      for  Air  Hammer  Rock  Drills. 
Drill  Rods. 

"     Shanks. 

Drive  Point  Hose  Nozzles. 
Dyeing  Machines,  Manufacture  of. 
Draughting  Tools. 
Drill  Feed,  Manufacture  of. 
Dash  Pots. 

Eccentric  Rods. 
Electric  Soldering  Irons. 
Elevators,  Manufacture  of. 
Elevator  Cars,  Manufacture  of. 
"         Enclosures,    Manufacture 

of. 

Plungers. 

Emery  Wheel  Dressers. 
Engine  Lathes,  Manufacture  of. 


Evaporators,  Manufacture  of. 

Exhaust  on  Gasoline  Motors. 
"         Pipes. 

Embalming  Couches,  Manufacture 
of. 

Expansion  Pulleys,  Manufacture  of. 
"          Pulley  Rings. 

Electric  Fans. 

Embalming  Needles. 

Electric  Lamp  Machinery,  Manu- 
facture of, 

Feed  Bars  for  Mining  Machines. 
u     Nuts. 

*     Water  Heaters,  Manufacture 
of. 

Fire  Engines,  Manufacture  of. 

Fleece  Rollers  for  Knitting  Mills. 

Front  and  Rear  Axle  Housing. 

Fishing  Rods,  Telescopic. 

Flag  Staffs  and  Masts. 

Fountain  Pens. 

Fiber  Tubes. 

Floor  Sanding  and  Polishing  Ma- 
chines. 

Filing  Devices. 

Filters,  Manufacture  of. 

Forms,  Rubber  Hose. 

Forks,  Manure  and  Hay. 

Forgings,  Substitute  for. 


Gas  Arc  Lamps. 

a     and  Electric  Fixtures. 

u     Burner  Thimbles. 

"     Coils. 

"     Making  Machinery,  Condens- 
ers on. 

•     Pipes. 
Gauge  Bodies. 
Gear  Blank  Sleeves. 

«      Blanks. 

'.r  rfainH 


Generator  Sleeves. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page 


Uses  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubing 


549 


Gin  Saw  Filing  Machine  Rods. 
Go-Carts,  Manufacture  of. 
Governor  Spring  Tubes. 
Gun  Barrels. 

"     Carriages. 
Gas  Engine  Cylinders. 

"     Main  Stoppers. 
Grinder,  Sample,  Hand. 
Governors,  Manufacture  of. 
Gun  Barrel  Drills. 
Gravity  Carriers. 
Grilles,  Bank  Vaults. 
Gas  Producer,  Manufacture  of. 
Gongs. 
Golf  Clubs. 

Hames,  Fire  Department. 

Hand  Extractors. 

Handles. 

Handle  Bars. 

Harvesters,  Manufacture  of. 

Hay  Presses,  Manufacture  of. 

Heaters,  Manufacture  of. 

Heater  Coils. 

. 

Hollow  Axles. 
*  Drills. 
"  Piston  Rods. 

Shafts. 
Horse  Clipping  Machines. 

"      Powers,  Manufacture  of. 
Hose  Nozzles. 

«     Poles. 
Hydraulic  Dies. 

Gauge  Tubes. 
Jack  Tubes. 

a          Swivels.  •  a  9ft^ 

Hypodermic  Needles. 
Hand  Railings. 
Hubs  for  Hospital  Carriages. 
Hammer  Drills,  Manufacture  of. 

Invalid  Chairs,  Manufacture  of. 


Jacks,  Manufacture  of. 
Jack  Spools. 

Kerosene  Burner,  Vaporizer  Tubes. 
Knife  Handles. 

Knurled  Nuts  for  Pipe  Wrenches. 
Knitting  Machines,  Manufacture 

of. 

.....*.    r.    Machine  Cylinders. 
i 

Lamps,  Manufacture  of. 
Lamp  Tube  Supports. 
Lap  Pins  for  Spinning  Mills. 
Lathes,  Manufacture  of. 
Lathe  Plungers. 
"      Spindles. 

*  Torch  Tops. 

Laundry  Machinery,  Manufacture 

of. 

Lever  Shafts. 
Light  Inspection  Cars. 
Loom  Shuttle  Bars. 
Loose  Leaf  Devices,  Manufacture 

of. 

Ladder  Rungs,  Fire. 
Lawn  Mowers. 

Machine  Tools. 
Magazine  Nipples. 

a         Tools,  Manufacture  of. 
Mandrels. 
Models. 

Motorcycles,  Manufacture  of. 
Motor  Cylinders. 

*  Shafts  on  Vehicle  Motors. 
Music  Racks. 

Metal  Furniture. 

Mortars,  Fireworks. 

Moving  Picture  Apparatus. 

Merry-go-rounds. 

Moving  Picture  Machine  Stands. 

Monotypes. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page  14 


550 


Uses  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubing 


Marine  Boilers. 

Mill  Machinery,  Lath  and  Shingle. 

Napping  Machinery  Rolls. 
Novelties,  Manufacture  of. 

Office  Railing. 

Oil  Tank  Spouting. 

"    Tubes  for  Engine  Lathes. 

"        "        u    Machinery  and  Pul- 
leys. 

•    Well  Boilers. 
Ornamental  Iron  Work. 
Operating  Tables,  Manufacture  of. 

Paper  Hangers'  Straight  Edges. 
u      Spool  Holders. 

Pipe  Wrenches. 

Pipes,  Ammonia. 

Piston  Rods. 

Platen  Cores. 

Plunger  Elevators,  Manufacture  of. 

Plungers  for  Lathes. 
u          u   Machines. 

Pneumatic  Hoist  Cylinders. 
Tubes. 

Polishing  Rolls. 

Post  Hole  Augers. 

Posts  for  Wire  Machine. 

Power  Drill  Parts. 

Printers'  Rolls. 

Printing  Presses,  Manufacture  of. 
•        Press  Rolls. 

Prison  Cell  Door  Hangers. 

Pruning  Knife  Handles. 

Pump  Plungers. 

Pumping  Machinery,  Manufacture 
of. 

Paper  Cutters. 

Phonographs,  Manufacture  of. 

Piston  Rod  on  Steam  Feed  Cylin- 
ders. 


Pyrometers. 
Pole  Props. 
Pantagraph  Trolleys. 
Picker  Rolls. 

Peanut  Picking  Machines. 
Plug  Cutter. 
Pump  Cylinders. 

Perforating    Machines,     Manufac- 
ture of. 

Racks,  Cake. 

Railroad  Cycle  Velocipedes,  Manu- 
facture of. 
Ratchet  Braces. 

a       Brace  Collars. 

•      Handles. 

Re-enforcement  in  Baseball  Bats. 
Retorts. 
Rifling  Rods. 

Road  Rollers,  Manufacture  of. 
Rollers  for  Gravity  Carriers. 
Roller  Bearings. 
"      Bearing  Axles. 

*  Axle  Bushings. 
u        Casing. 

*  Hub  Bushings. 

*  "        Skein  and  Bore 

Covers. 

*  Shelving. 
Racing  Boat  Outriggers. 
Rollers  to  Carry  Vanner  Belts. 
Rods  on  Steam  Cylinders. 
Rails,  Caissons  and  Limbers. 
Roller  Skates. 
Refrigerating  Machinery. 
Rubber  Tubing,  Manufacture  of. 
Rifle  Magazine'. 

*     Shanks. 
Reach  Rods. 
Reeling  Machines. 
Rake,  Hay. 
Racks,  Display. 
Refrigerators,  Manufacture  of. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page  14 


Uses  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubing 


551 


Sand  Pumps. 

Saw  Mills,  Manufacture  of. 

Scientific  and  Engineering  Instru- 
ments, Manufacture  of. 

Screw  Drivers,  Manufacture  of. 
a      Machinery  Spindles. 
a  a           Manufacture  of. 

Seal  Mechanism  Covers. 

Self  Hardening  Steel  Tool  Holders. 

Shaft  Collars. 
a     Covers. 

Shingle  Sawing  Machinery,  Manu- 
facture of. 

Shrapnel  Cases. 

Shuttle  Bars  for  Looms. 

Signal  Apparatus,  Manufacture  of. 

Silk   Warping    Machinery,    Manu- 
facture of. 

Sleeves  and  Nuts  for  Bit,  Length- 
ening Attachment. 

Sockets. 

Speed  Wagons,  Manufacture  of. 

Spinning  Spindle  Caps. 

Steam  Feed  Piston  Rods. 

"       Rollers,  Manufacture  of. 

Steering  Handles. 

"  and     Operating     Lever 

Shafts. 

Stop  Motions. 

Store  Fixtures. 

Stoves,  Manufacture  of. 

Street  Rollers,  Manufacture  of. 

Sulkies,  Manufacture  of. 

Superheaters,  Manufacture  of. 

Syringes,  Manufacture  of. 

Sand  Blast  Hose  Nozzles. 

Socket  Wrenches. 

Spokes  for  Wagon  Wheels. 

Spindles  for  Steam  Governors. 

Steering  Rods. 

Signals,  Release. 

Soap  Molds. 

Sliding  Poles,  Tirehouse. 

Sewing  Machines. 

Steam  Shovels. 


Shaft  and  Pole  Shifters. 

Safe  Locks. 

Shafts  for  Agitators. 

Tanks,  Manufacture  of. 

Telescopes. 

Telescope  Dust  Tubes. 

Threaded  Bushings  or  Steering  and 

Operating  Lever  Shafts. 
Tools,  Diamond  Drilling. 
Towel  Rack  Rods. 
Traction  Engines,  Manufacture  of. 
Tricycles,  Manufacture  of. 
Trocars. 
Trolley  Poles. 
Tubular  Turnbuckles. 
Typewriters,  Manufacture  of. 
Toy  Pistol  Barrels. 
Trapeze  Apparatus. 
Thimble  Roller  Chain. 
Torpedo  Construction. 
Telephone  Instruments. 
Tempering  Pots. 

Umbrella  Rods. 

Valves,  Manufacture  of. 
Vaporizing  Coil. 
Vise  Screw  Collars. 
Vacuum  Cleaner  Nozzles. 

a        House  Cleaning   Machin- 
ery. 
Valve  Stems. 

Wagon  and  Gas  Connections. 

Weaving  Machine  Spindles. 

Walking  Canes. 

Wall  Paper  Rolls. 

Wireless  Telegraph  Instruments. 

Washing  Machines. 

Working  Barrels,  Manufacture  of. 

Warp  Beams. 

Water  Gun. 

Wagon  Wheel  Rims. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page  14 


552  Threading 


bus 

.Bill 

3  of.*: 
Jnairi 

.-GfbsM  li»3 

II  1158 

THREADING 

lo  6it;t'^lijnr>14,,8^nian:  i  -nirbeM  sniwcB  6laniri8 

No  additional  information  on  the  subject  of  Pipe 
Threading  and  Pipe  Threading  Dies  is  incorporated  in 
this  appendix. 

?I    [KJ;,*J  •!<-'    •yilJlOBUmsM    ,F.»n. 

A  series  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  containing  tech- 
nical data  on  such  subjects  as  Threading,  Corrosion, 
Processes  of  Manufacture,  etc.,  have  already  been 
published  by  National  Tube  Company.  These 
"NATIONAL"  Bulletins  are  revised  and  enlarged 
whenever  supplementary  information  is  obtained,  and 
each  new  edition  is  thus  made  up-to-date  in  technical 
data. 

"NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No.  6,  which  covers  the  sub- 
ject of  Threading,  will  be  sent  to  anyone  upon  request 
to  the  General  Offices  at  Pittsburgh,  or  to  any  of  the 
District  Offices,  list  of  which  appears  on  page  5. 
•nrrfosM    snrm>°iJ   aaifoH  ujjofcYbrisl 

'Ofilwn&l/N 

|>I  930H  i8£lS 

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&$tuO  an'- 

-> 

.ebo.H  SJ 
.98>;sl9>J  ,{ 
.\o  stutea}',-'.  .  >oY7 

vfl'tfO  ^J«fiW       Rack  yaiws^ 

Refrigerators,  Manulabwria^m^^ 


s  information  supplements  th#t  on 


Corrosion  553 


CORROSION  OF  IRON  AND  STEEL 

GENERAL  BIBLIOGRAPHY 

The  following  is  a  selection  of  the  more  important  articles  on  the  Corro- 
sion of  Iron  and  Steel,  taken  from  the  very  valuable  and  complete  Bib- 
liography ol  Metal  Corrosion  and  Protection  published  by  the  Carnegi* 
Library  of  Pittsburgh. 

The  following  abbreviations  have  been  used: 

Diag.         diagrams.  p  page. 

Dr.  drawings.  pi.        plate. 

111.  illustrations.  v.          volume.      1  ^  aO 

n.  d.          no  date.  w.         words.  :11^' 

n.  s.  new  seriea. 

RELATIVE  CORROSIONS 
Eraser,  Alexander  G. 

Relative  rates  of  corrosion  of  acid  and  basic  steel.     16  p.    Folding  pi. 

1007.     (In  Journal  of  the  West  of  Scotland  Iron  and  Steel  Institute, 

v.  14,  p.  82.) 

Discussion,  p.  112.    20  p. 

The  same,  condensed.     1,600  w.     (In  Iron  Age,  v.  79,  p.  1196.) 
Tests  in  air,  rivtr  water,  Fait  water,  and  sulphuric  acid. 

TT  TT  TUT 

Howe,  Henry  M. 

Relative  cortosion  of  wrought-iron  and  steel.  5,600  w.  1895.  (la 
Mineral  Industry,  v.  4,  p.  429.) 

The  same,  condensed.  1,600  w.  (In  Journal  of  the  Iron  and  Steel  Insti- 
tute, v.  50,  p.  427.) 

Gives  results  both  from  laboratory  experiments  and  from  actual  indus- 
trial use. 

Relative  corrosion  of  wrought-iron,  soft  steel,  and  nickel  steel.  1,500 
w.  Dr.  igoo.  (In  Engineering  and  Mining  Journal,  v.  70,  p.  188.) 

Relative  corrosion  of  wrought-iron  and  steel.  1,800  w.  Dr.  1906.  (In 
Proceedings  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials,  v.  6, 
P-  155  ) 

Discussion,  7,000  w. 

The  same,  condensed.    1,300  w.     (In  American  Machinist,  v.  29,  p.  49.) 

The  same,  condensed.    (In  Engineering  Magazine,  v.  31,  p.  750.) 

The  same,  condensed.    (In  Industrial  World,  v.  40,  p.  228.) 

The  same,  condensed,    (in  Iron  Age,  v.  77,  p.  2047.) 

Rapid  corrosion  of  steel  in  many  instances  may  be  due  to  the  inferior 
quality  of  the  steel. 

Gruner 

Recherches  sur  1'oxydabilite  relative  des  fontes,  des  aciers  et  des  fers 
doux.  1,000  w.  1883.  (In  Comptes  rendus  des  Seances  de  1'Acade- 
mie  des  Sciences,  v.  96,  p.  195.) 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


554  Corrosion 


Ko smarm,  B. 

Ueber  die  corrosion  von  flusa-  und  schweisseisen  und  tiber  den  zerfall 

von  legirungen.     2,100  w.     1893.     (In  Stahl  und  Eisen,  v.  13,  pi.  x, 

p.  149.) 
The  same,  condensed.     (In  Journal  of  the  Iron  and  Steel  Institute,  v. 

43,  P.  399-) 
Difference  in  resistance  to  corrosion  of  ingot  and  weld  is  held  to  be  due 

entirely  to  difference  in  their  chemical  composition. 

Parker,  William. 

On  the  relative  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel.    11,200  w.    Dr.    1881.    (In 

Journal  of  the  Iron  and  Steel  Institute,  v.  18,  p.  39.) 
Effects  of  exposure  in  air,  in  sea-water,  in  marine  boilers,  etc. 

Fillips,  David. 

On  the  comparative  endurance  of  iron  and  mild  steel  when  exposed  to 
corrosive  influences.  25  p.  Dr.  1881.  (In  Minutes  of  Proceedings 
of  the  Institution  of  Civil  Engineers,  v.  65,  p.  73.) 

Discussion,  40  p. 

Considers  admiralty  tests  and  tests  by  the  author  indicating  greater  re- 
sistance to  corrosion  of  iron. 

Rudeloff,  M. 

Bericht  iiber  vergleichende  untersuchungen  von  schweiaseisen  und  fluss- 
risen  auf  widerstand  gegen  rosten.  125  p.  111.  1902.  (In  Mitt- 
heilungen  aus  den  Koniglichen  Technischen  Versuchsantalten,  v.  20, 
P.  83.) 

The  same,  condensed.    4,000  w.    (In  Stahl  und  Eisen,  v.  23,  p.  384.) 

The  same,  abstract.  1,500  w.  (In  Journal  of  the  Iron  and  Steel  Insti- 
tute, v.  63,  p.  713.) 

Extensive  experiments  on  the  relative  resistance  to  corrosion  of  wrought- 
iron  and  steel,  considering  the  effect  of  different  conditions  and  coat- 
ings and  giving  the  relative  corrosive  action  of  various  agencies. 

Speller,  Frank  N. 

Puddled  iron  versus  soft  steel.  2,200  w.  111.  1905.  (In  Iron  Age,  v. 
75,  p.  1666.  1881.) 

Claims  equal  resistance  of  iron  and  steel  to  corrosion,  in  reply  to  state- 
ments of  Roe. 

Corrosion  of  iron  and  steel.  900  w.  1907.  (In  Proceedings  of  the  En- 
gineers' Society  of  Western  Pennsylvania,  v.  22,  p.  472.) 

The  same.    (In  Iron  Age,  v.  J9.  p.  478.) 

Discussion,  1,800  w. 

Gives  results  of  tests  showing  steel  to  be  superior  to  wrought-iron. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  555 


CORROSION  IN  SEA-WATER 

.    ;  -0^ /0^ wu]*  btta  -^  '° fic •  V;'4^Q  ^  r- 

Andrews,  Thomas. 

On  galvanic  action  between  wrought-iron,  cast  metals,  and  various 
steels  during  long  exposure  in  sea- water.  5,000  w.  111.  1884.  (In 
Minutes  of  Proceedings  of  the  Institution  of  Civil  Engineers,  v.  77, 
P-  323.) 

Corrosion  of  metals  during  long  exposure  in  sea-water.  7,500  w.  111. 
1885.  (In  Minutes  of  Proceedings  of  the  Institution  of  Civil  En- 
gineers, v.  82,  p.  281.) 

_  ' 

Diegel,  H. 

Einiges  iiber  die  korrosion  der  metalle  im  seewasser.  95  p.  Folding 
pi.  1903.  (In  Verhandlungen  des  Vereins  zur  Beforderung  dea 
Gewerbfleisses,  v.  82,  p.  91.) 

The  same,  condensed.  4,500  w.  (In  Zeitschrift  des  Vereines  Deutscher 
Ingenieure,  v.  47,  p.  1122.) 

The  same,  abstract.  400  w.  (In  Journal  of  the  Iron  and  Steel  Institute, 
v.  65,  p.  677.) 

Extensive  experiments  lead  author  to  claim  that  impure  metals  do  not 
corrode  in  salt  water  faster  than  pure  metals.  Foreign  elements  In- 
troduced were  phosphorus  and  nickel. 

Farquharson,  J. 

Corrosive  effects  of  steel  on  iron  in  salt  water.     4,800  w.     1882.     (In 
Transactions  of  the  Institution  of  Naval  Architects,  v.  23,  p.  143.) 
Experiments  indicating  that  contact  of  iron  and  steel  should  be  avoided. 
Discussion. 

Johnstone,  George. 

Notes  on  the  serious  deterioration  of  steel  vessels  from  the  effects  of 
corrosion.  7  p.  1901.  (In  Transactions  of  the  Institution  of  En- 
gineers and  Shipbuilders  in  Scotland,  v.  45,  p.  71.) 

Discussion,  28  p. 

Especially  on  corrosion  of  internal  parts  of  vessels  and  on  vessels  in  the 
tropics. 

Lidy. 

Note  sur  1'alteration  des  metaux  par  1'eau  de  mer.    2,200  w.    111.    1897. 

(In  Annales  des  ponts  et  chaussees,  memoires,  ser.  7,  v.  14,  36  trl- 

mestre,  p.  338.) 

The  same,  condensed.    900  w.     (In  Engineering  News,  v.  39,  p.  85.) 
Describes  condition  of  metals  after  exposure  to  the  action  of  sea-water 

for  several  hundred  years. 

Mallet,  Robert. 

On  the  corrosion  and  fouling  of  iron  ships.     60  p.     1872.     (In  Trans- 
actions of  the  Institution  of  Naval  Architects,  v.  13,  p.  0c  ) 
Discussion,  10  p. 
"Catalogue  oi  British  patent  inventions,"  p.  135,  17  p. 


Thin  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


556  Corrosion 


Sabin,  Alvah  Horton. 

Experiments  on  the  protection  of  steel  and  aluminum  exposed  to  sea- 
water.  8,000  w.  1896.  (In  Transactions  of  the  American  Society  of 
Civil  Engineers,  v.  36,  p.  483.) 

Condition  of  plates  with  various  preservative  coatings  after  six  months' 
immersion  in  sea-water. 

Discussion  and  correspondence. 

Experiments  on  the  protection  of  steel  and  aluminum  exposed  to  water. 
5,000  w.  1899.  (In  Transactions  of  the  American  Society  of  Civil 
Engineers,  v.  43,  p.  444.) 

Continuation  of  above  experiments. 

Discussion. 

The  same,  condensed.    (In  Engineering  News,  v.  40,  p.  54.) 

PIPES 

Committee  report  on  relative  corrosion  of  wrought-iron  and  steel  pipes, 
1,600  w.  Dr.  111.  1909.  (In  Plumbers'  Trade  Journal,  v.  14. 
p.  214.) 

The  same,  slightly  condensed.  1,300  w.  (In  Heating  and  Ventilating 
Magazine,  v.  6,  p.  12.) 

Report  to  American  Society  of  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineers. 

Tests  indicate  steel  pipe  of  good  quality  to  be  as  durable  as  wrought- 
iron  pipe. 

Corrosion  of  pipe  in  coal  mines.  450  w.  111.  1906.  (In  Iron  Age,  v. 
78,  p.  80.) 

Results  showing  -superiority  of  Spellerized  steel  pipes  in  the  sulphur 
water  of  coal  mines. 

Dudley,  William  L. 

Effect  of  coal  gas  on  the  corrosion  of  wrought-iron  pipe  buried  in  the 
earth.  1,100  w.  1908.  (In  Journal  of  the  American  Chemical  So- 
ciety, v.  30,  p.  247.) 

Experiments  in  earth  saturated  with  coal  gas,  indicating  that  amount 
of  corrosion  is  determined  by  the  chlorin  content  in  the  earth. 

Howe,  Freeland,  Jr. 

Action  of  water  on  pipes.  5,000  w.  1908.  (In  Journal  of  the  New 
England  Water  Works  Association,  v.  22,  p.  43.) 

Consideration  of  the  nature  of  water  and  of  iron  pipe  and  of  the  elec- 
trolytic action  that  takes  place. 

Howe,  Henry  M.  and  Stoughton,  Bradley. 

Relative  corrosion  of  steel  and  wrought-iron  tubing.     20  p.     111.     1908. 

(In  Proceedings  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials,  v.  8, 

p.  247.) 

Discussion,  15  p. 

The  same.    (In  Industrial  World,  v.  83,  p.  1244.) 
Believes  that  modern  steel  tubing  is  equal  to  wrought-iron  tubing  and 

that  the  prejudice  against  it  is  due  to  practical  experience  with  older 

tubing. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  557 


Knudson,  Adolphus  A. 

Electrolytic  corrosion  of  the  bottom  of  oil  tanks  and  of  other  structures. 
4,300  w.  Dr.  111.  1908.  (In  Transactions  of  the  American  Elec- 
trochemical Society,  v.  14,  p.  189.) 

Discussion,  900  w. 

Corrosion  of  oil-tanks  thought  to  be  caused  by  galvanic  action  set  up 
by  the  distribution  of  acid  or  alkaline  electrolytes  over  the  iron  sur- 
face. 

McAlpine,  William  J. 

Corrosion  of  iron.     1,200  w.     1868.     (In  Transactions  of  the  American 

Society  of  Civil  Engineers,  v.  i,  p.  23.) 
Cites  instances  of  preservation  of  water-pipes,  iron  submerged  in  salt 

water,  etc. 

_„„,         _. 

Mason,  William  P. 

.:!.i   ,-d  bsHgilduq,  tehlmniicj  j;  a..<^i\  .-r.'.-^.}/-:?  gni£jiioO 
Action  of  water  upon  metals:  tanks,  pipes,  conduits,  boilers,  etc.     19  p. 

Dr.     1902.     (In  his  Water  Supply,  p.  394.) 
Data  compiled  from  various  sources,  giving  references. 
Rust  in  galvanized  iron  water-service  pipe.     6,000  w.     1909.     (In  Metal 
Worker,  v.  71,  March  27,  p.  48;  April  3,  p.  52;  April  10,  p.  45;  April 
17,  p.  48;  April  24,  p.  39.) 

Continued  discussion,  by  letter,  in  reply  to  questions  by  either  con- 
cerning the  presence  and  prevention  of  corrosion  in  water-pipe. 

Siebel,  E.  P. 

Pitting  of  iron,  particularly  pipe;  its  causes  and  possible  preventives. 
3,000  w.  111.  1909.  (In  National  Engineer,  v.  13,  p.  192.) 

Paper  before  the  Chicago  section  of  the  Society  of  Brewing  Technology. 

Regards  pitting  as  due  to  electrochemical  decomposition  in  the  pres- 
ence of  water  and  dependent  upon  the  homogeneity  of  the  material. 
Wrought-iron  pipe  considered  more  durable  than  steel  pipe. 

Speller,  Frank  N. 

Wrought  pipe-threading  and  relative  durability  of  steel  and  iron.  3,000 
w.  Dr.  111.  1905.  (In  Journal  of  the  Canadian  Mining  Institute, 
v.  8,  p.  46.) 

The  same.    (In  Iron  Age,  v.  75,  p.  741.) 

Review  and  illustrations  of  United  States  Navy  Department  tests  on 
pitting.  Experiments  by  National  Tube  Co.,  showing  that,  in  re- 
sistence  to  corrosion,  common  iron  and  Bessemer  steel  are  both  slightly 
superior  to  charcoal  iron. 

GI.     ?"py 

Stewart,  A.  W. 

Corrosion  in  metal  pipes  on  board  ship.  6,200  w.  1903.  (In  Trans- 
actions of  the  Institution  of  Naval  Architects,  v.  45,  p.  183.) 

The  same,  abstract.    (In  Engineer,  London,  v.  95,  p.  374.) 

Discussion. 

Considers  the  action  of  impurities  on  the  pipes,  especially  of  chlorine 
and  organic  impurities. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


558  Corrosion 


Thomson,  T.  N. 

Relative  corrosion  of  vvrought-iron  and  soft  steel  pipes.  2,800  w.  Dr. 
111.  iQo8.  (In  Heating  and  Ventilating  Magazine,  v.  5,  p.  15.) 

The  same,  slightly  condensed.     2,500  w.     (In  Iron  Age,  v.  81,  p.  434.) 
See  also  letter  by  G.  Schumann,  p.  520. 

Paper  before  the  American  Society  of  Heating  and  Ventilating  En- 
gineers. 

Conclusion  from  experiments  is  that  "plain  steel  pipe  is  more  durable 
than  plain  wrought-iron  pipe  when  used  to  convey  hot  water  and 
subject  only  to  internal  corrosion." 

Wrought-iron  pipe  versus  steel  pipe.    1,300  w.    Dr.     1908.     (In  Heat- 
ing and  Ventilating  Magazine,  v.  5,  p.  8.) 

Contains  extracts  from  a  pamphlet  published  by  the  Reading  Iron  Co., 
claiming  that  wrought-iron  is  the  more  durable. 

BOILERS 
Baucke,  H. 

Beitrag  zur  metallographie  des  flusseisens.  1,600  w.  111.  1899.  (In 
Baumaterialienkunde,  v.  4,  p.  349.) 

The  same,  in  French.    (In  Baumaterialienkunde,  v.  4,  -p.  349.) 
The  same.    (In  Stahl  und  Eisen,  v.  20,  pi.  i,  p.  260.) 

The  same,  condensed  translation.  600  w.  (In  Journal  of  the  Iron  and 
Steel  Institute,  v.  57,  p.  427.) 

Microscopic  examination  of  badly  corroded  boiler  tubes. 

Christie,  William  Wallace. 
Corrosion.    35  p.    111.    1906.    (In  his  Boiler-waters,  p.  68.) 

Treats  rather  fully  the  corrosion  of  boilers,  the  action  of  different  feed- 
waters  and  the  dangers  of  pitting. 

no  gJaa*  jrt^mmqaG  ^«"/;.  S^JE^  i>*tfin!J  to  a/mi Jis-Kte*: Hi '•  bnri  ?>*r/g'H 

Churchill,  W.  W. 

Preservation  of  surface  condenser  tubes  in  plants  using  salt  or  con- 
taminated water  circulation.  3,000  w.  1906.  (In  Science,  v.  47, 
p.  405.) 

The  same.    (In  Power,  v.  26,  p.  598.) 

Paper  before  the  American  Association  for  the  Advancement  of  Science. 

Considers  the  prevention  of  electrolytic  corrosion.  Author  presents 
Oliver  J.  Lodge's  views  on  electrolytic  condition  and  Faraday's  laws 
of  electrolysis  as  a  basis  for  his  views. 


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Corrosion  559 


Ford,  John  D. 

Corrosion  of  boiler  tubes.  5.200  w.  111.  1904.  (In  Journal  of  the 
American  Society  of  Naval  Engineers,  v.  16,  p.  529.) 

The  same,  condensed.  1,000  \v.  (In  Iron  and  Steel  Magazine,  v.  10. 
P-  34Q-) 

Extensive  experiments  made  for  the  United  States  Navy  Department 
at  the  laboratory  of  the  National  Tube  Co.,  McKeesport,  to  deter- 
mine relative  corrodibility  of  lap-welded  Bessemer  steel,  lap-welded 
iron,  seamless  cold-drawn  steel,  and  seamless  hot- drawn  steel  boiler 
tubes. 

/ 
Fremont,  Ch.,  and  Osmond,  F. 

Les  sillons  de  corrosion  dans  les  toles  de  chaudieres  a  vapeur.  4,200  w. 
111.  1905.  (In  Revue  de  metallurgie,  v.  2,  p.  75.) 

Investigation  of  cause  of  lines  of  corrosion  in  boiler  plates. 

Gesellschaft  fur  Hochdruck-Rohrleitungen. 

Wasserbeschaffenheit  und  korrosionen.     4,000  w.     111.     1909.     (In  its 

Rohrleitungen,  p.  127.) 
Considers   action  of   water  on   iron,   especially   of   boiler-waters,   and 

methods  of  protection. 

Gibbons,  W.  H. 

Physical  reasons  for  rapid  corrosion  of  steel  boiler-tubes.  800  w.  111. 
1895,  (In  American  Engineer  and  Railroad  Journal,  v.  69,  p.  157.) 

Considers  difference  in  corrodibility  of  tubes  made  from  the  "top"  and 
the  "bottom"  of  an  ingot,  with  its  application  to  the  relative  corro- 
sion of  steel  and  charcoal  iron. 

Kirtley,  William. 

On  the  corrosion  of  locomotive  boilers  and  the  means  of  prevention. 
8,800  w.  111.  1866.  (In  Proceedings  of  the  Institution  of  Mechan- 
ical Engineers,  v.  17,  p.  56.) 

Considers  corrosion  due  both  to  chemical  action  of  water  and  mechan- 
ical action  of  strain.  The  trouble  may  be  obviated  by  removing 
one  of  these  causes,  i.  e.,  by  proper  boiler  design,  eliminating  spring- 
ing at  joints,  etc. 

La  Coux,  H.  de 

Eaux  corrosives  et  incrusto-corrosives  dans  les  gen£rateurs  de  vapeur. 

14,500  w.     1899.     (In  Le  G£nie  Civil,  v.  36,  pp.  117,  139,  149-) 
Substances  causing  corrosion  and  means  of  prevention. 


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560  Corrosion 


McBride,  James. 

Corrosion  of  steam  drums.  8,000  w.  111.  1891,  1894.  (In  Trans- 
actions of  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  v.  12, 
p.  518;  v.  15,  P.  1087.) 

Includes  lengthy  discussion. 
_/  •<:/*/ 

JNorris,  w*  J' 

Corrosion  in  steam  boilers.  5,000  w.  1882.  (In  Transactions  of  the 
Institution  of  Naval  Architects,  v.  23,  p.  151.) 

Disagrees  with  theories  of  galvanic  action;  production  of  hydrochloric 
acid  in  boiler  by  decomposition  of  water;  action  of  fatty  acids  pro- 
duced by  decomposition  of  lubricants,  etc.  Ascribes  all  boiler  corro- 
sion to  simple  oxidation  by  presence  in  water  of  free  oxygen  derived 
from  the  air. 

••-  uiorf;  durable, 

Palmer  J.  Edward. 

Corrosion  of  steel  boiler  tubes  on  vessels  fitted  with  turbine  engines. 
1,000  w.  1907.  (In  Journal  of  the  American  Society  of  Naval  En- 
gineers, v.  19,  p.  54.) 

The  same.    (In  Engineering  News,  v.  57,  p.  426.) 

Corrosion  caused  by  copper  deposits  in  the  tubes,  carried  over  by  the 
steam  from  the  bronze  turbine  blades. 

Paul,  James  Hugh. 

Corrosion  in  steam  boilers.     20  p.    111.     1891.     (In  Transactions  of  the 

Society  of  Engineers,  v.  31,  p.  147.) 
Chemical  properties  of  iron;  manufacture  of  boiler  plates;  corrosive 

natural  waters;  artesian  well  waters;   corrosion  in  marine  boilers; 

action  of  zinc. 
Discussion. 

Rmne,  H. 

Kesselmaterial  und  kesselkorrosionen.     5,000  w.    Dr.     1904.     (In  Stahl 

und  Eisen,  v.  24,  pi.  i,  p.  82.) 
Considers  the  corrosion  of  boiler  tubes  of  different  qualities  of  iron  and 

the  influence  of  other  conditions. 

.i  ,&98iub  9&&fr  lo 


Worthington,  Walter  F. 

Corrosion  of  boiler  tubes  in  the  United  States  Navy.  5,000  w.  PI. 
1900.  (In  Journal  of  the  American  Society  of  Naval  Engineers,  v. 
12,  p.  589.) 

Causes  of  corrosion  are  discussed,  especially  from  the  action  of  the  dif- 
ferent impurities  in  feed  water. 


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Corrosion  561 


PLAIN   FACTS   ABOUT   "NATIONAL"    PIPE1 

By  F.  N.  SPELLER2 

A  large  proportion  of  the  pipe  manufactured  in  this  country  is  used  on 
plumbing  and  heating  contracts.  The  leading  members  of  these  trades 
should  be  able  to  choose  intelligently  between  the  various  grades  of  pipe 
on  the  market  today,  to  be  able  to  advise  others,  and  to  give  exact  rea- 
sons for  preferring  this  or  that  brand.  The  time  is  past  when  a  hap- 
hazard opinion  will  satisfy  the  engineer,  the  architect,  or  the  man  who 
is  paying  the  bills. 

Doubtless  there  are  numerous  master  plumbers  and  steamfitters  who 
wish  to  obtain  authentic  information  on  pipe,  but  such  as  there  is  in 
print  is  scattered  and  not  easily  available  to  the  busy,  practical  man. 
To  meet  the  many  questions  which  are  asked,  there  are  condensed  here 
some  essential  facts  relating  to  modern  welded  pipe. 

Up  to  about  twenty-seven  years  ago  hand-puddled  iron  was  exclusively 
used;  the  quantity  required  was  comparatively  small.  Skilled  puddlers 
were  plentiful,  so  there  was  no  trouble  in  supplying  the  demand  of  that 
time.  For  some  years  after  this,  with  the  introduction  of  steel  as  the 
basic  material  for  pipe,  there  were  two  classes  of  pipe  known  to  the  trade 
— iron  and  steel.  Now  there  are  almost  as  many  grades  as  there  are 
manufacturers,  there  being  several  varieties  of  iron  on  the  market,  and 
the  same  is  true  of  steel  pipe.  Specifications  of  the  large  users  of  pipe, 
such  as  the  government,  railways,  etc.,  now  usually  call  for  "iron"  or 
"steel,"  and  then  specify  particularly  the  quality  or  brand  desired,  so 
that  good  pipe  only  can  be  furnished.  This  practice  has  resulted  from 
the  fact  that  there  is  much  more  difference  between  the  various  grades 
of  wrought  iron  and  the  different  makes  of  steel  than  there  is  between 
iron  and  steel  as  a  class. 

Many  plumbers  and  fitters  still  express  a  preference  for  wrought  iron. 
This  may  be  based  on  early  experience  with  steel,  or  only  as  a  matter 
of  habit,  or  prejudice.  The  basis  of  such  opinions  will  hardly  justify  the 
honest,  practical  man  of  today,  who  recognizes  a  marked  difference  in 
the  quality  of  these  products  as  made  today  compared  with  twenty-odd 
years  ago,  in  obstinately  adhering  to  wrought  iron  or  blindly  refusing  to 
recognize  the  clear  merit  of  properly  made  steel. 

The  question  of  threading  is  sometimes  referred  to.  This  is  a  mechan- 
ical problem  depending  more  on  correctly  made  dies,  the  pipe  being 
made  up  to  weight  and  of  correct  diameter,  than  on  the  material.  An 
important  investigation  reported  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  American 
Society  of  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineers,  1906,  by  a  practical  leader 
in  plumbing  and  heating1,  concludes:  "It  (the  test)  shows  that  the 
power  required  to  thread  mild-steel  pipe  with  the  new  die  is  not  much 

Reprinted  from  Plumbers'  Trade  Journal,  Steam  and  Hot  Water  Fit- 
ters' Review,  December  15,  1913;  January  i  and  15,  and  February  i, 
1914. 

Metallurgical  Engineer,  National  Tube  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 

»T.  N.  Thomson,  Member  A.  S.  of  H.  V.  Eng.  and  Principal  of  Sani- 
tary Plumbing,  Heating,  and  Ventilation,  International  Correspondence 
Schools,  Scranton,  Pa. 


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562  Corrosion 


Fig.  zoo. — Comparative  corrosion  of  adjacent  hot  water  supply  pipes. 
Left,  wr  ought-iron;  right,  steel. 

more  than  that  required  to  thread  wrought  iron  pipe  with  the  same  die, 
and  much  less  than  the  power  required  to  thread  wrought  iron  pipe  with 
the  common  die  under  identical  conditions." 

The  same  investigator  shows  clearly  that  many  of  the  wrought  iron 
pipes  threaded  with  a  common  type  of  die  took  more  power  than  many 
of  the  steel,  and  although  on  the  average  the  iron  took  slightly  less  power 
to  thread — the  steel  was  more  uniform  and  gave  a  stronger  thread. 

A  series  of  tests  are  now  being  conducted  to  determine  the  actual  power 
required  to  thread  "NATIONAL"  pipe  with  length  of  standard  stock. 
The  tests  are  yet  incomplete,  but  more  than  a  thousand  threads  cut  to 
date  indicate  the  average  power  required  to  thread  "NATIONAL"  pipe 
to  be  about  as  follows,  using  ordinary  lead-screw  type  of  hand  stock  and 
properly  designed  dies:  1-inch,  45  Ibs.;  IX-inch,  65  Ibs.;  IX-inch,  75  Ibs.; 
2-inch,  100  Ibs. 

The  corrosion  question  is  one  of  the  most  complicated  in  its  nature  and 
very  properly  concerns  all  who  have  anything  to  do  with  pipe.  Most 
practical  men  have  observed  a  great  difference  in  the  life  of  pipe — that  used 
in  a  hot  water  heating  system,  for  example,  seems  to  last  indefinitely, 
while  in  most  hot  water  supply  systems,  under  some  conditions,  the  same 
class  of  pipe  will  only  last  a  few  years,  depending  on  the  volume  of  water 
used,  temperature,  method  of  heating,  etc.  These  are  all  factors  of  vital 
importance,  and  yet  are  rarely  considered  by  the  practical  man.  In  fact, 
the  man  who  is  most  ready  with  his  opinion  on  this  question  of  the  life 
of  iron  and  steel  pipe  frequently  not  only  ignores  these  essential  conditions, 
but,  as  a  rule,  cannot  distinguish  wrought  iron  from  steel,  or  has  rarely 
taken  the  trouble  to  try.  As  an  illustration  of  this,  some  few  years  ago 
an  investigator  of  international  reputation  (Prof.  H.  M.  Howe,  of  Columbia 
University,  New  York  City)  studied  this  question  of  corrosion  and  at- 
tempted to  reconcile  the  conflict  between  the  various  opinions  and  actual 
results.  He  has  shown  that  it  was  easy  to  explain  the  prevailing  opinion 
regarding  steel,  but  no  one  could  explain  away  the  actual  facts. 

The  following  abstact  from  a  paper  by  Professor  Howe4  is  given  in  full 
as  being  of  particular  interest  to  plumbers: 

"Competence  of  Plumbers  to  Distinguish  Steel  from  Iron  Tubing. — One  of 
us  submitted  several  pieces  of  tube  which  he  knew  by  his  own  etching 


«"The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Steel  and  Wrought-Iron  Tubing"— H.  M. 
Howe  and  Bradley  Stoughton.  (Proceedings  of  the  American  Society  for 
Testing  Materials.  Volume  8,  1908.) 


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Corrosion  563 


Fig.  20 1. — Boiler  feed  water  pipes.    Corrosion  of  the  steel  shown  at  left, 
that  of  the  wrought  iron  at  right. 

tests  to  be  steel,  and  others  which  he  knew  to  be  wrought  iron,  to  four 
different  plumbers  and  asked  them  to  tell,  by  cutting  with  a  die  or  other- 
wise, which  were  steel  and  which  iron.  One  plumber,  after  making  several 
attempts,  admitted  that  he  could  not  tell.  The  other  three  reached  the 
results  given  herewith  in  Table  A.  In  every  case  the  plumber  made  the 
tests  with  his  own  dies. 

No.  of  Tubes      No.  Reported    No.  Reported     Percentage  of 
Plumber  Tested  Right  Wrong  Errors 

No.         Iron        Steel      Iron        Steel    Iron         Steel        Iron      Steel 
^  '   **•*!*>*        11  6  10         5  "Pf**   ™<%SA<1  f^- 

**f**          6  6        "V1/          6         6  *ri6'9:      100  0 

rfqtjp*          6  6  Q  66  0  100     ';kjti°D 

Table  A. — Trustworthiness  of  threading  test  with  common  dies  for 

distinguishing  steel  from  iron  tubing,  bsl  enotofisi-taavni 

"From  the  last  two  columns  of  Table  A  it  will  be  seen  that,  while  plumber 
No.  1  came  a  little  nearer  the  truth  than  if  he  had  simply  decided  by 
tossing  a  penny,  Nos.  2  and  3  came  no  nearer  than  if  they  had  followed 
that  method.  No.  3,  whom  one  of  us  knows  well  to  be  an  unusually 
intelligent  mechanic,  took  three-quarters  of  an  hour  to  test  the  twelve 
tubes,  and  included  in  his  test  very  careful  inspection  for  blisters  and  other 
indications,  and  also  testing  the  ductility  of  the  chips.  He  and  his  helpers 
were  very  sure  that  the  power  required  for  cutting  the  steel  was  very  much 
greater  than  that  needed  for  cutting  iron,  and  that  steel  chips  were  very 
much  more  brittle  than  iron  chips.  He  was  perfectly  confident  that  all 
of  the  tubes  were  steel,  though,  in  fact,  six  of  them  were  iron. 

"This  goes  to  show  that  this  test  of  threading  with  a  die,  supposed  to 
distinguish  steel  from  wrought  iron  by  the  greater  pressure  needed  for 
threading  the  former,  the  only  ready  test  which  the  plumber  has,  is  not 
trustworthy.  This  had  been  shown  by  Principal  Thomson  in  his  paper  on 
'Power  Required  to  Thread,  Twist  and  Split  Wrought  Iron  and  Steel 
Pipe.'6  He  found  that  while  on  the  average  of  all  his  cases  threading 
needed  more  power  in  case  of  steel  than  of  iron,  yet  in  no  less  than  five  out 
of  the  nine  sets  of  tests  the  easiest  threading  steel  pipe  needed  less  power 
than  the  hardest  threading  iron  pipe.  For  instance,  with  one  type  of 
dies,  the  pressure  needed  for  threading  was  only  100  Ibs.  in  case  of  two  of 
his  four  1-inch  steel  pipes,  but  was  materially  greater  in  case  of  all  eight 
of  the  1-inch  iron  pipes  tested,  and  was  between  120  and  123  Ibs.  in  case 
of  six  of  them. 

'Paper  read  before  twelfth  annual  meeting,  A.  S.  H.  V.  Engineers.  1906. 


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564  Corrosion 


Fig.  202. — Pipe  removed  from  hot  water  supply  in  New  York  City  baths. 
Two  specimens  at  left  are  iron,  at  the  right,  steel. 

"Again,  trustworthy  reports  have  been  made  to  us  of  cases,  first,  in 
which  intelligent  and  experienced  engineers,  to  whom  samples  of  steel 
and  iron  pipe  have  been  submitted,  have  decided  promptly  and  positively, 
but  incorrectly,  as  to  which  was  iron  and  which  steel;  and  second,  of  cases 
in  which  pitted  pipes,  though  reported  to  be  steel,  have  proved  to  be  iron. 

The  illustrations,  Figs.  200  and  201,  show  comparative  corrosion  and  are 
from  photographs  (unretouched)  of  adjacent  boiler  feed  water  pipe  as 
found  in  service,  the  steel  and  wrought  iron  pipes  were  separated  by  a 
coupling  only,  and  are  representative  of  a  large  number  of  similar  examples, 
collected  during  investigations  by  Wm.  H.  Walker,  Ph.  D.,  in  1911.  The 
investigations  led  him  to  the  following  conclusion8:  "These  results  again 
demonstrate  that,  taken  on  the  average,  there  is  no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of 
iron  and  steel  pipe.'!)Kd  e»rf  ft  tt&Ai  rfjim 

It  would  be  useful  if  each  plumber  and  steamfitter  who  is  inclined  to 
consider  this  subject  carefully  would  overhaul  his  experience  and  ask  him- 
self if  he  has  positively  identified  the  pipe  with  which  he  has  had  trouble 
and  furthermore  make  a  personal  test  of  his  ability  to  distinguish  iron  from 
steel.  This  is  plainly  of  fundamental  importance,  as  no  confidence  can  be 
placed  in  opinions  which  are  not  based  on  a  certain  knowledge  of  the 
material  to  which  the  opinions  refer.  How  many  of  the  opinions  glibly 
spoken  or  boldly  printed  by  the  wrought  iron  interests  are  correctly 
founded? 

Many  loose  statements  in  this  connection  are  made,  but  when  run  down 
or  when  actual  evidence  is  requested,  such  evidence  dissipates  into  thin 
air.  A  typical  experience  in  this  connection  may  be  quoted:  Page  250 
of  the  Proceedings  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials,  Volume 
8,  1908,  contains  paper  "The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Steel  and  Wrought 
Iron  Tubing,"  by  Henry  M.  Howe  and  Bradley  Stoughton,  and  we  quote 
from  page  250  as  follows:  to,  n«4)  te'tfa  Jo.*-* 

"This  is  all  the  evidence  which  we  have  found,  and  received  permission 
to  cite,  though  we  have  asked  manufacturers  prominently  and  financially 
interested  in  showing  that  steel  is  worse  than  iron  to  give  the  addresses  of 
those  who  could  give  us  evidence.  None  of  that  which  we  have  found, 
but  have  not  yet  received  permission  to  cite,  is  unfavorable  to  steel. 


•Abstract  from  paper  read  December  13,   1911,  before  New  England 
Water  Works  Association. 


Corrosion  565 


Fig.  703. — Portion  of  steel  pipe  after  exposure  of  64  weeks  in 
aerated  cold  water — U.  S.  Navy  test. 

Reports  rendered  on  pipe,  iron  and  steel  exposed  under  the  same  con 
ditions  of  service,  show  no  practical  difference  in  durability.  Up  to  a  few 
years  ago  such  tests  constituted  all  the  definite  information  obtainable  on 
this  important  question.  Lately,  however,  many  cases  have  come  to 
light  where  iron  and  steel  pipe  have  been  accidently  installed  together  for 
several  years,  and  a  direct  comparison  of  these  materials  under  identical 
conditions  is  thus  made  possible.  Several  independent  investigations  of 
such  cases  have  been  made  which  include  probably  150  comparisons  of 
iron  and  steel  pipe.  It  is  not  surprising  that  nearly  all  old  heating  and 
supply  systems  put  in  10  or  12  years  ago  show  this  mixture  of  pipe,  as  most 
of  the  jobbing  houses  at  that  time  carried  two  stocks  and  the  different 
makes  of  pipe  were  not  identified  by  permanent  marks. 

The  supposed  superiority  of  wrought  iron  pipe  has  been  used  as  a 
talking  point  to  such  an  extent  by  wrought  iron  manufacturers,  in  order 
to  obtain  an  unwarranted  premium  in  price,  that  the  facts  referred  to  should 
be  welcomed  by  the  best  class  of  plumbers  and  steamfitters,  and  that  with 
the  possession  of  this  information  many  may  be  led  to  investigate  these 
facts  for  themselves.  It  is  quite  easy  for  anyone  to  distinguish  iron  from 
steel  by  fracturing  the  metal  or  filing  across  the  pipe. 

The  pipes  shown  in  Fig.  202  were  removed  from  hot  water  supply  lines  in 
New  York  City  baths  during  investigations  instituted  and  conducted  by 
Prof.  Ira  H.  Woolson,  formerly  of  Columbia  University,  now  consulting 
engineer  of  the  National  Board  of  Fire  Underwriters,  who  arrived  at  the 
following  conclusion7:  "In  my  judgment,  from  the  evidence  collected,  there  was 
absolutely  no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of  the  two  classes  of  pipe — that  is, 
iron  and  steel.  They  appear  to  be  equally  susceptible  to  the  attack."  These 
illustrations  are  from  unretouched  photographs. 

The  illustrations,  Figs.  203  and  204  (also  from  unretouched  photographs), 
indicate  the  corrosive  condition  of  steels  and  charcoal  iron  lap  welded 
tubes  after  an  exposure  of  sixty-four  weeks  in  National  Tube  Company's 
laboratories.  These  tests  were  conducted  under  the  direction  of  the 
Bureau  of  Steam  Engineering  of  the  United  States  Navy8,  and  show 
ample  evidence  that  the  two  materials  are  equally  durable  under  corrosion. 


7Abstract  from  paper  published  in  Engineering  News,  December  8, 
1910,  page  630. 

'Abstract  from  article  prepared  by  Rear  Admiral  John  D.  Ford,  U.  S.  N.f 
and  published  in  Journal  of  Society  of  Naval  Eng.,  May,  1904. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


566 


Corrosion 


Fig.  204.- 


-Charcoal  iron  specimens  subjected  to  64  weeks  in 
aerated  cold  water — U.  S.  Navy  test. 


Pipe  steel  carries  99.5  per  cent  metallic  iron;  wrought  iron  carries  97.5 
per  cent  metallic  iron  and  both  are  made  from  the  same  ore.  The  metal 
is  separated  from  oxygen  and  other  impurities,  in  each  case  at  the  expense 
of  outside  energy,  and  tends  to  return  to  its  original,  more  stable  condi- 
tion when  exposed  to  moisture  and  air.  The  various  forms  of  steel  or  iron 
are  in  a  sense  like  a  coiled  spring,  all  having  the  common  tendency  to 
return  to  their  original  form  as  soon  as  the  restraining  influence  is  removed ; 
a  pipe  may  last  fifty  days  or  fifty  years  or  more,  according  to  its  surround- 
ings. Some  steel  lines  examined  after  20  years'  service  appear  to  be  as 
good  as  when  laid — naturally,  there  are  some  isolated  cases  where  wrought 
iron  has  lasted  much  longer,  but  this  proves  nothing. 

It  is  easy  for  one  interested  in  wrought  iron  manufacture  to  refer  to 
isolated  cases  of  long  life  in  the  early  history  of  pipe.  If  this  is  the  standard 
by  which  pipe  should  be  judged  under  modern  conditions  the  quality  of 
the  iron  must  have  sadly  deteriorated.  How  many  reputable  plumbers 
will  advise  using  galvanized  wrought  iron  in  the  hot  water  supply  lines  of 
an  important  building  nowadays? 

A  number  of  cases  have  been  investigated  (many  in  and  around  New 
York  City)  and  are  tabulated  herewith.  (Table  B.)  No  mention  is 
made  of  many  more  examples  of  corrosion  investigated  where  there  was 
no  mixture  of  material,  as  there  would  be  no  comparison  possible  and  the 
results  would  be  misleading.  It  is  sufficient  to  say  that  where  conditions 
are  favorable  to  wrought  iron  they  are  favorable  to  steel,  and  the  reverse 
is  also  equally  true. 

To  sum  up,  it  should  be  borne  in  mind  by  all  thoughful  members  of  the 
trades  handling  pipe  that: 

1.  Steel  pipe  is  no  longer  an  experiment,  but  has  a  record  of  25  years' 
service — and  in  that  time  has  increased  in  use  to  about  ninety  per  cent  of 
the  entire  production. 

2.  Opinions  should  be  based  on  a  real  personal  knowledge,  taking 
nothing  for  granted — the  average  user  of  pipe  has  abundant  opportunity 
to  investigate  for  himself. 

3.  All  the  comparisons  which  have  been  made  in  service  covering  the 
average  life  of  pipe  today  indicate  clearly  that  there  is  no  difference  in 
life  between  iron  and  steel  pipe  as  a  class,  although  there  is  something  to 
say  between  the  various  makes  of  each  class. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  567 


4.  All  reputable  makes  of  pipes  are  now  marked  so  that  substitution 
or  mistakes  are  no  longer  possible.     The  fact  that  so  much  steel  pipe  has 
been  used  in  the  past,  supposedly  as  wrought  iron,  is  very  significant  in 
the  light  of  real  experience. 

5.  It  is  advisable  to  inquire  carefully  into  the  basis  of  statements  made 
on  the  general  question  of  iron  and  steel  pipe — hearsay  and  supposition  are 
dangerous  substitutes  for  real  experience  in  such  matters. 

In  summary,  the  conclusions  of  the  following  authorities  who  have 
studied  this  question,  are  quoted  with  references  so  that  the  testa  on  which 
these  conclusions  are  based  can  be  carefully  studied  if  desired: 

"The  Corrosion  of  Iron  and  Steel." — Alfred  Sang.  (Proceedings  The 
Engineers  Society  of  Western  Pennsylvania,  January,  1909): 

"The  opinion  one  is  led  to  form  ...  is  ...  that  properly 
protected  steel  and  iron  rust  to  about  the  same  extent,  the  steel  doing  so 
more  uniformly." 

"The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Wrought  Iron  and  Soft  Steel  Pipes." — 
T.  N.  Thomson.  (Proceedings  American  Society  of  Heating  and  Ventilating 
Engineers,  Volume  XIV,  1908): 

"Therefore,  a  rational  deduction  to  draw  from  the  preceding  facts  is 
that  steel  pipe  is  more  durable  than  plain  wrought  iron  pipe  when  used  to 
convey  hot  water  and  subject  only  to  internal  corrosion.  I  know  that  the 
above  summary  is  not  in  perfect  harmony  with  the  opinions  of  many 
engineers  and  contractors,  but  I  can  only  record  the  facts  as  they  are 
found  to  be  without  comment." 

"Report  of  Committee  on  Corrosion  of  Wrought  Iron  and  Steel  Pipes." 
(Proceedings  A.  S.  H.  &  V.  Engineers,  Vol.  XVI,  1910): 

"This  test  checks  up  well  with  the  aforesaid  1908  paper,  and  we  believe 
demonstrates  that  modern  steel  pipe  of  good  quality  is  at  least  as  durable 
as  modern  strictly  wrought  iron  pipe  of  good  quality,  and  is  very  much 
superior  to  a  poor  quality  of  wrought  iron  in  this  class  of  work." 

"In  closing  we  desire  to  call  special  attention  to  the  fact  that  we  find 
it  is  not  safe  to  accept  reports  regarding  the  corrosion  of  wrought  iron  and 
steel  pipes  without  first  identifying  the  materials,  because  so  many 
engineers  cannot  ordinarily  distinguish  the  difference  between  them." 

"Corrosion  of  Hot  Water  Piping  in  Bathhouses." — Ira  H.  Woolson. 
(Engineering  News,  Dec.  8,  IQIO,  page  630): 

"In  my  judgment,  from  the  evidence  collected,  there  was  absolutely  no 
difference  in  the  corrosion  of  the  two  classes  of  pipe.  They  appear  to  be 
equally  susceptible  to  attack  from  what  the  samples  show." 

"The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe  as  Found  in  Service." 
— Wm.  H.  Walker,  Ph.  D.  (Journal  of  New  England  Water  Works 
Association,  March,  1912): 

"These  results  again  demonstrate  that,  taken  on  the  average,  there  is 
no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel  pipe." 

"Street  Main  Standards." — G.  I.  Vincent,  Chief  Engineer  Des  Moines 
Gas  Company.  (Proceedings  American  Gas  Institute,  1913): 

"The  so-called  genuine  wrought  iron  pipe  commands  a  premium  of 
about  15  per  cent  over  steel.  Its  additional  value  is  not  apparent.  Spel- 
lerized  steel  pipe  is  probably  as  durable  as  the  wrought  iron." 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-877 


568 


Corrosion 


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This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


Fig.  2.05. — Six  specimens  of  "NATIONAL"  pipe  which  were  a  part  of  a 
warm  water  line  in  a  well  known  conservatory. 

These  illustrations,  Figs.  205  and  206  (from  unretouched  photographs), 
indicate  comparative  corrosion,  especially  in  the  form  of  pitting.  These 
sections  of  pipe,  which  formed  a  portion  of  the  warm  water  feed  lines  in 
a  nationally-known  conservatory,  were  installed  at  the  same  time,  worked 
under  same  conditions  and  length  of  service,  and  show  conclusively  that 
steel  pipe  is  in  this  case  superior  to  wrought  iron.  The  chief  engineer 
writes:  "The  wrought  iron  was  found  to  be  badly  pitted  and  rotten,  while 
the  steel  was  uniformly  corroded,  with  no  pits." 


BBI 


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Fig.  zo6. — Wr -ought-iron  pipe  samples  which  had  served  under  identical 
conditions  as  those  shown  in  Fig.  205, 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  n,  13,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion 


571 


ig.  207. — The  samples  of  pipe  in  the  upper  part  of  photograph  are  ofwrought- 

iron,  while  those  below  are  of  "NATIONAL"  Spellerized  steel.    All 

•were  obtained  from  a  Pennsylvania  coal  mine,  after  being 

exposed  together  for  a  period  of  time. 


572 


Corrosion 


Fig.  208.- — Wrought-iron  pipe  samples  in  New  York  hotel  hot  water  supply. 

The  illustrations  clearly  show  the  comparative  corrosion  of  wrought 
iron  and  mild  steel  pipe.  It  has  been  the  aim  of  the  writer  to  reproduce 
representative  comparisons  of  iron  and  steel  pipe  in  actual  service,  not 
only  in  one  or  two  phases  of  use,  but  from  a  wide  and  varied  field,  which 
demonstrates  that  this  article  is  not  only  applicable  to  the  plumbing  and 
steamfitting  trade,  but  for  all  uses  where  pipe,  made  from  iron  as  basic 
material,  is  necessary. 

In  the  preceding  text  it  was  endeavored,  by  explanations  and  photo- 
graphs, to  set  forth  the  relative  merits  of  both  steel  and  wrought  iron  pipe. 
In  every  case  the  specimens  were  obtained  where  same  had  been  in  use 
under  identical  conditions.  The  writer  believes  that  readers  will  agree 
that  these  tests  have  not  substantiated  the  often  made  claim  advanced  by 
the  wrought  iron  interests  concerning  the  superiority  of  their  product. 

In  the  accompanying  pictures  further  evidence  of  the  durability  of  steel 
pipes  as  compared  with  wrought  iron  is  given. 

These  pipes  (shown  in  illustration),  Fig.  207,  were  used  in  running  coal 
mine  water  in  Western  Pennsylvania  for  the  same  length  of  time,  and  under 
identical  conditions,  and  the  photographs  show  clearly  the  comparative 
corrosion  of  the  two  materials.  Note  that  the  disintegration  is  consider- 
ably more  uniform  on  the  Spellerized  steel  than  on  the  wrought  iron  pipe. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion 


573 


Fig.  209. — Steel  pipe  used  under  same  conditions  as  Fig.  208- 

Figs.  208  and  209  and  those  succeeding  (from  photographs,  unretouched) 
show  specimens  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe.  These  comparisons  were 
taken  from  adjacent  lines  of  the  same  system  and  were  used  an  equal 
length  of  time  in  the  hot  water  supply  of  one  of  New  York  City's  promi- 
nent hotels.  These  and  other  comparisons  were  secured  during  a  recent 
pipe  investigation  in  New  York  City,  conducted  with  the  co-operation  of 
Dr.  Wm.  Campbell,  Columbia  University.  Note  excellent  condition  of 
the  "steel"  after  six  years'  service.  This  again  demonstrates  the  superior 
merits  of  steel  as  material  for  pipes. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  1%,  IS,  106,  275-277 


574 


Corrosion 


Fig.  zio. — Other  -wrought-iron  pipe  used  under  same  conditions. 

Note  Figs.  210  and  211  in  every  instance  the  even  pitting  of  the  steel  as 
against  that  of  wrought  iron.  It  is  maintained  that  steel  pipe  is  as  gener- 
ally durable  as  wrought  iron.  The  photographs  are  taken  from  repre- 
sentative samples. 


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Fig.  2 1 1 . — Two  sections  of  steel  pipe  from  hot  water  supply. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion 


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Fig.  ziz. — Wrought-iron  pipe  obtained  from  hot  water  supply  line  in  hotel. 

Reference  to  Figs.  212  and  213  show  other  specimens  from  the  same  hot 
water  supply  system  as  the  others.  Hot  water  supply  lines  present  severe 
service  conditions  and  extensive  corrosion  usually  takes  place.  In  con- 
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This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  18,  IS,  106,  875-277 


576  Corrosion 


THE  DESIGN  OF  HOT- WATER  SUPPLY 
SYSTEMS  TO  MINIMIZE  CORROSION1 

By  F.  N.  SPELLER' 

Suggested  Design— In  a  paper  on  the  "Durability  of  Welded  Steel 
Pipe1,"  reprinted  and  commented  upon  in  Engineering  News,  March  23, 
1 91 1,  there  were  discussed  the  results  of  investigations  on  the  relative 
corrosion  of  iron  and  steel  in  service,  and  the  influence  of  the  dissolved 
gases  (oxygen  and  carbonic  acid)  in  water  and  a  scheme  was  suggested 
for  rendering  the  water  practically  harmless  by  removing  the  air  after 
heating.  So  far  as  the  writer  is  aware,  however,  no  system  has  yet  been 
designed  with  this  as  the  main  object. 

Comparisons  on  Pitting — In  the  paper  referred  to  the  writer  pointed 
out  first,  that  the  superiority  claimed  for  "genuine"  wrought  iron  pipe 
had  not  been  proved  by  comparative  tests  in  service;  on  the  contrary,  the 
numerous  cases  which  are  on  record  (and  which  have  been  largely  added 
to  since  that  time),  show  conclusively  that  where  both  iron  and  steel 
have  been  used  together  in  water  lines,  the  wrought  iron  pits  just  as 
badly  as  the  steel  under  the  same  conditions.  A  number  of  such  compari- 
sons were  compiled  by  the  writer  for  the  International  Congress  for  Test- 
ing Materials  last  September.* 

Authorities  Agree— We  need  not  again  go  into  the  cause  of  this 
pitting,  which  is  now  generally  recognized  to  be  due  to  galvanic  action 
between  impurities  on  the  surface  of  the  metal,  especially  mill  scale  and 
rust.  The  leading  authorities  now  seem  agreed  that  corrosion  is  practically 
independent  of  the  composition  of  the  metal,  provided  it  is  reasonably 
uniform  (as  the  steel  used  for  welded  pipe  must  necessarily  be  if  it  welds 
without  developing  injurious  defects). 

In  order  to  have  continued  corrosion,  oxygen  must  be  present  in  solution; 
the  removal  of  this  oxygen  has  been  found  to  greatly  lessen  corrosion.  In 
his  recent  report  of  researches  along  this  line,  Dr.  W.  H.  Walker,  director 
of  the  research  laboratory  of  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology, 
describes  one  of  his  experiments  thus:1 

"Two  coils  made  up  from  pieces  taken  from  the  same  length  of 
pipe  were  each  fed  with  water  from  the  same  source  at  the  same 
temperature.  In  one  case  the  water  was  heated  to  85  degrees 
Cent,  in  an  open  tank,  while  in  the  other  the  water  was  heated  to 
the  same  temperature  in  a  closed  tank.  The  feed  water  contained 


lReprinted  from  Engineering  News,  February  13,  1013,  page  294. 

'Metallurgical  Engineer,  National  Tube  Company,  Frick  Bldg.,  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa. 

•Proceedings,  American  Society  of  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineers, 
1911. 

«"  Comparative  Service  Obtained  with  Wrought-Iron  and  Soft  Steel 
Pipes  as  Water  Lines  in  the  United  States,"  Proceedings,  International 
Association  for  Testing  Materials,  1912,  XXIV,  4. 

'Engineering  News,  December  21,  1911;  Journal  of  New  England  Water 
Works  Association,  March,  1912;  journal  of  Industrial  and  Engineering 
Chemistry,  July,  1912. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-877 


Corrosion  577 


on  the  average  5.85  c.c.  of  oxygen  per  liter,  and  passed  through 
each  coil  at  the  rate  of  %  gal.  per  min.  After  running  1750  hr., 
the  coil  fed  with  water  heated  in  an  open  tank  had  lost  22  grams, 
while  the  coil  fed  with  water  heated  in  a  closed  tank  had  lost  155 
grams.  In  neither  case  was  the  oxygen  completely  removed;  if  the 
water  in  the  open  tank  had  been  gently  boiled,  corrosion  in  the  coil 
fed  with  this  water  would  have  been  completely  prevented." 

These  results  again  indicate  that  the  intensity  of  conditions  has  much 
more  to  do  with  corrosion  than  anything  else;  so  much  so  that  the  same 
material  used  as  a  pipe  in  a  hot-water  heating  system,  where  the  water  is 
practically  free  from  oxygen  and  unchanged,  should  last  fifty  years  or 
more,  while  in  a  closed  hot-water  supply  system  it  may  only  last  five  or 
six  years. 

This  principle  of  heating  and  freeing  the  water  from  dissolved  oxygen, 
by  which  it  seems  possible  to  prolong  the  life  of  standard  welded  pipe 
several  times,  is  surely  worthy  of  careful  consideration  in  designing  piping 
systems  which  are  subject  to  corrosion. 

A  recent  investigation,  undertaken  by  the  writer  with  the  assistance  of 
some  of  his  research  staff,  has  developed  interesting  points  in  regard  to  the 
present  practice  of  laying  out  hot-water  supply  systems.  The  influence  of 
the  arrangement  of  the  piping  on  corrosion  seems  to  be  quite  marked, 
depending  on  whether  the  gases  are  liberated  before  the  water  enters  the 
distributing  system  or  not,  although  the  separation  of  these  gases  is  only 
partially  accomplished  under  the  best  conditions.  Large  installations 
were  considered,  such  as  hotels,  large  apartments  and  office  buildings  where, 
on  account  of  the  great  quantity  of  hot  water  used,  serious  trouble  would 
be  most  likely  to  occur.  luo  oj  Tm3£9:>9n&Ii&teI)dfiJ;ti>9teYasaJqlq 

Classes  Of  Systems — The  hot-water  supply  systems  found  in  these 
buildings  differed  in  many  details,  but  may  be  divided  into  two  classes, 
according  to  whether  the  main  vertical  distributing  lines  are  supplied 
from  a  common  horizontal  main  in  the  basement,  or  from  a  similar  hori- 
zontal distributing  main  above  the  level  of  the  highest  fixture  near  the 
roof.  These  types  of  installations  are  illustrated,  diagrammatically  and 
without  detail  of  any  kind,  in  Figs.  214  and  215.  , ...  . . 

Underfed  System — -The  underfed  system  is  characterized  by  a 
number  of  independent  risers  and  return-risers,  each  supplying  a  separate 
section  of  the  building.  These  risers  are  rarely  vented  at  the  top  and 
consequently  the  hot  water  is  always  supersaturated  with  air  when  the 
system  is  in  continuous  use.  This  is  a  good  example  of  the  closed  type  of 
heating  so  designed  that  it  would  be  very  difficult,  if  not  entirely  imprac- 
ticable, to  vent  so  as  to  remove  the  gases  before  the  water  is  used. 

Overhead  Open  System— The  system  illustrated  by  Fig.  215,  on  the 
other  hand,  is  radically  different  in  this  respect,  and  to  a  considerable 
extent,  although  not  completely,  allows  the  escape  of  dissolved  gases  to 
the  atmosphere  at  the  highest  point  before  the  water  is  distributed  through- 
out the  system  and  returns  to  the  heater.  Since  all  the  water  used  passes 
up  through  one  riser  a  vent  must  be  provided,  otherwise  trouble  due  to 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  n,  18,  106,  875-277 


578 


Corrosion 


Two  types  of  hot-water  supply  systems. 

t.fil$t>l*i  gi 

-•ns&irt 

I  bfirf  alnfij  I 
sri J  }i  ;  bovoj 

ntaa  jnaecf  f>e 


CITY  HAT Cg  &m. 


Fig.  214. — Underfed  closed  system. 


Fig.  i\<j. — Overhead  open  system. 


the  trapping  of  air  in  the  upper  lines  would  probably  be  experienced.  It 
would  seem  to  be  a  very  simple  matter  to  almost  completely  free  the  water 
from  dissolved  gases  with  such  a  system,  by  putting  a  simple  air-separating 
device  at  the  upper  end  of  the  main  riser,  as  indicated  at  the  point  A  in 
Fig.  215.  To  obtain  the  best  results,  the  water  should  be  heated  to  about 
aoo  deg.  Fahr.,  using  an  inter-cooler,  if  desired,  to  reduce  the  temperature 
after  leaving  the  air-separating  chamber. 

The  writer  has  discussed  only  general  principles  affecting  the  life  of  the 
piping  system;  the  details  necessary  to  carry  out  these  principles  in  practice, 
will,  of  course,  require  thought  and  expert  knowledge  of  design  on  the 
part  of  practical  engineers  having  to  do  with  heating  and  plumbing. 

With  pure  water,  such  as  is  supplied  to  New  York  City  for  example, 
the  percentage  of  dissolved  gases  is  proportionately  high,  so  that  the 
benefit  to  be  expected  from  such  treatment  when  thoroughly  carried  out 
and  maintained  would  probably  be  very  marked. 

Several  cases  investigated,  where  large  systems  of  hot-water  supply 
lines  have  suffered  serious  damage  in  six  or  eight  years,  have  all  occurred 
in  buildings  equipped  with  closed  heating  systems.  So  far,  we  have  not 
found  serious  trouble  in  systems  of  the  open  type  where  any  attention 
has  been  given  to  venting,  although  the  significance  of  adequate  venting 
of  such  systems  does  not  seem  to  be  appreciated  by  architects  and  engineers, 
for  in  some  cases,  where  vents  were  provided,  the  practice  was  to  keep  them 
closed  except  when  trouble  with  air-hammer  was  experienced. 

Engineers  and  architects  have  perhaps  hesitated  to  make  changes  in 
the  closed  system  of  heating  without  more  practical  evidence  of  a  sub- 
stantial character,  the  scientific  study  of  corrosion  being  all  new  ground. 
The  writer  hopes  to  see  a  free  discussion,  on  the  part  of  those  who  have 
most  experience  in  such  work,  so  that  the  best  system  of  design  may  be 
developed  for  such  installations  with  due  regard  to  prevention  of  corrosion. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106.  275-277 


Corrosion  579 


TESTIMONY  AS  TO  RELATIVE  CORROSION 
OF  WROUGHT  IRON  AND  STEEL  PIPE 

JdguoT//  lo  YJHfiJJp  looq  B.  pJ  1009,0/43  ifoimr  viay  &\  bns  .xJJlfiJJp 
Notwithstanding  the  fact  that  nearly  90  per  cent  of 

the  pipe  made  and  sold  in  the  United  States  at  the 
present  time  is  manufactured  from  mild  steel,  still  there 
are  certain  people  who  cling  to  the  idea  that  wrought 
iron  is  more  durable. 

For  twenty-eight  years  steel  pipe  has  been  marketed 
and  used  side  by  side  with  wrought  iron  pipe.  It  is 
entirely  natural,  therefore,  that  many  cases  have  been 
found  where  the  two  materials  have  been  serving  in 
the  same  pipe  line,  under  same  service  conditions,  and 
for  the  same  length  of  time,  thus  offering  an  ideal  com- 
parison of  the  relative  life  of  the  two  kinds  of  pipe. 

In  order  to  present  the  facts  as  we  have  found  them 
in  the  proceedings  of  various  technical  bodies,  in  en- 
gineering books,  and  similar  sources,  the  following 
excerpts  are  quoted  as  convincing  evidence  that  it  is  the 
general  opinion  (based  on  actual  experiences)  of  un- 
biased authorities  that  "there  is  little  or  no  difference 
in  the  relative  life  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe." 

•  */3&Ti jn'O  "rf i  io*  9no  feV/;? 

Thomson — Prof.  T.  N.  Thomson,  in  March,  1906,  installed  alternate 
pipes  of  the  two  metals  in  a  hot-water  line,  and  at  the  end  of  a  year  dis- 
covered that  steel  pipe  had  approximately  7K  per  cent  longer  life  than 
wrought  iron  under  such  conditions.  See  "NATIONAL''  Bulletin  No.  4. 
(A.  S.  H.  &  V.  Engineers,  1906.) 

In  a  similar  test  carried  on  by  a  committee  appointed  by  the  American 
Society  of  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineers  with  iron  and  steel  pipe 
made  by  various  companies,  Prof.  Thomson  reported:  ,  stterirVftniv* 

"We  believe  this  test  demonstrates  that  modern  steel  pipe  of 
good  quality  is  at  least  as  durable  as  modern  strictly  wrought  iron, 
and  is  very  much  superior  to  a  poor  quality  of  wrought  iron  in  this 
class  of  work."  (A.  S.  H.  &  V.  Engineers,  1909.)  ->1  19JJ 

"Therefore,  a  rational  deduction  to  draw  from  the  preceding 
facts  is  that  steel  pipe  is  more  durable  than  plain  wrought  iron  pipe 
when  used  to  convey  hot  water  and  subject  only  to  internal  cor- 
rosion. I  know  that  the  above  summary  is  not  in  perfect  harmony 
with  the  opinions  of  many  engineers  and  contractors,  but  I  can 
only  record  the  facts  as  they  are  found  to  be  without  comment." 
"The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Wrought  Iron  and  Soft  Steel  Pipes." 
— T.  N.  Thomson.  (Proceedings  American  Society  of  Heating  and 
Ventilating  Engineers,  Vol.  XIV,  1908.)  w?  nudj  aiou- 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  10G.  275-277 


580  Corrosion 


"This  test  checks  up  well  with  the  aforesaid  1908  paper,  and 
we  believe  demonstrates  that  modern  steel  pipe  of  good  quality  is 
at  least  as  durable  as  modern  strictly  wrought  iron  pipe  of  good 
quality,  and  is  very  much  superior  to  a  poor  quality  of  wrought 
iron  in  this  class  of  work."  (A.  S.  H.  &  V.  Engineers,  Vol.  XV, 
1909.) 

"  In  closing  we  desire  to  call  special  attention  to  the  fact  that  we 
find  it  is  not  safe  to  accept  reports  regarding  the  corrosion  of 
wrought  iron  and  steel  pipes  without  first  identifying  the  materials, 
because  so  many  engineers  cannot  ordinarily  distinguish  the  differ- 
ence between  them."  "Report  of  Committee  on  Corrosion  of 
Wrought  Iron  and  Steel  Pipes."  (Proceedings  American  Society 
of  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineers,  Vol.  XVI,  IQIO.) 

Coal  Mine  Corrosion — "Corrosion  tests  in  running  mine  water 
were  carried  on  by  Prof.  Thomson,  The  Pittsburgh  Coal  Company, 
H.  C.  Frick  Coal  Company  and  others,  these  indicating  that  steel 
is  at  least  equal  to  wrought  iron  in  resisting  corrosion."  (Iron 
Age,  July  12,  1906.) 

The  results  of  these  tests  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  in  coal  mines 
may  be  gleaned  from  the  following  extracts: 

"The  results  indicate  to  us  that  steel  is  just  as  durable  in  the 
water  in  this  mine  as  wrought  iron." 

Says  one  of  the  largest  coal  operators  in  Kentucky: 

"We  thought  the  data  decidedly  in  favor  of  steel,  in  view  of  the 
fact  that  we  had  anticipated  a  reversal  of  the  leaning.     .     .'  %<5'::' 
The  results  of  this  investigation  would   appear  to   indicate   no 
practical  difference  in  the  life  to  be  obtained  from  either  iron  or 
steel  piping  in  the  hot  water  service." 

This  from  a  coal  operator  in  Pennsylvania.  Comparisons  of  new  steel 
and  iron  pipes  in  the  boiler  feed  and  other  lines  led  this  large  company, 
which  made  the  test,  to  the  exclusive  use  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe. 

"While  corrosion  was  about  the  same,  there  was  a  pitting  in  the 
iron  that  we  did  not  find  in  the  steel,  and  the  steel  was  corroded 
more  uniformly.  From  the  tests  made,  I  know  that  the  steel  pipe 
is  the  better  for  such  conditions." 

This  conclusion  from  an  operator  in  the  largest  bituminous  coal  field 
in  the  world  indicates  the  advantages  gained  by  uniform  material  worked 
by  the  Spellerizing  process  in  connection  with  "NATIONAL"  Pipe. 

StOUghton— In  his  text  book,  "The  Metallurgy  of  Iron  and  Steel" 
(Hill  Publishing  Co.,  New  York),  Bradley  Stoughton,  one  of  those  who 
has  carried  out  exhaustive  investigations,  says: 

"The  evidence  goes  to  show  that  properly  made  steel  corrodes 
no  more  than  wrought  iron." 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  581 


In  summing  up  a  paper1  on  the  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel,  Bradley 
Stoughton,  secretary  of  the  American  Institute  of  Mining  Engineers, 
makes  the  following  significant  statement: 

"No  mention  has  been  made  here  of  the  sometimes  heated  discus- 
sion that  went  on  for  several  years  in  regard  to  the  relative  corro- 
sion of  wrought  iron  and  steel,  because  it  is  my  opinion,  which  I 
think  is  the  same  as  that  now  held  by  many  well  informed  authori- 
ties, that  the  difference  between  these  classes  of  materials,  if  any, 
is  very  small,  and  is  much  less  important  than  the  effect  of  quality 
of  manufacture.  In  other  words,  well-made  steel,  or  well-made 
wrought  iron,  will  resist  rusting  better  than  badly  made  material 
of  its  own  or  the  other  class,  and  the  reason  for  this  I  have  tried  to 
point  out  in  the  preceding  pages,  at  the  same  time  endeavoring  to 
show  some  of  the  precautions  that  it  is  possible  for  engineers, 
owners  and  builders  to  employ  in  order  to  secure  less  corrodible 
material  for  use  in  the  erection  of  structures." 

Howe  and  StOUghton — An  investigation  was  made  and  the  results 
arrived  at  were  incorporated  in  a  paper,  "The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Steel 
and  Wrought  Iron  Tubing" — H.  M.  Howe  and  Bradley  Stoughton. 
(Proceedings  of  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials.  Vol.  8, 
1908),  read  before  the  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials,  which  con- 
cluded with  the  following  significant  words: 

"This  is  all  the  evidence  which  we  have  found  and  received  per- 
mission to  cite,  though  we  have  asked  manufacturers  prominently 
and  financially  interested  in  showing  that  steel  is  worse  than  iron, 
to  give  the  addresses  of  those  who  could  give  us  evidence.  None  of 
that  which  we  have  found,  but  have  not  yet  received  permission  to  cite, 
is  unfavorable  to  steel.1'  (Page  250.) 

(See  " NA TIONAL"  Bulletin  No.  11.)     ^gmsfi 

Comparative  tests  of  pipe  steel  carried  on  by  these  investigators  using 
pipe  made  from  steel  in  1906  and  1897  have  resulted  in  favor  of  the  former. 
The  skelp  of  1897  showed  a  greater  loss  in  weight  by  corrosion  and  decidedly 
deeper  pitting  in  six  months  than  the  skelp  of  1906  in  thirteen  months. 
In  tests  comparing  steel  skelp  with  wrought  iron,  it  was  found  that  the 
two  materials  lost  practically  the  same  weight  by  corrosion,  yet  the  former 
had  the  advantage  of  a  uniform  corrosion  since  the — 

"Wrought  iron  skelp  pitted  in  seven  months  much  deeper  than  the 
steel  did  in  thirteen  months."     (Page  255.) 

These  investigators  also  state  in  regard  to  the  durability  of  steel  and 
iron  wrought  pipes  in  interlocking  and  signal  systems  that: 

"We  learn  that  twenty- nine  pipes,  all  believed  to  be  wrought 
iron,  after  long  use  in  the  interlocking  and  signal  systems  of  a  very 


1  "The  Cause  and  Prevention  of  Corrosion  of  Iron   and    Steel."— The 
Engineering  Magazine,  July,  IQI  i. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  18,  106^  275-277 


582  Cori-osion 


important  railroad,  were  lately  examined,  with  the  result  that 
twelve  were  found  to  be  steel  and  only  seventeen  iron.  The  life 
of  the  steel  pipes  was  in  this  case  longer  than  that  of  the  iron  ones. 
Thus,  of  those  which  were  practically  destroyed  by  corrosion  and 
pitting — 

ii  were  steel  with  an  average  life  of  13.5  years. 
8  were  iron  with  an  average  life  of  10.4  years. 

Our  information  comes  direct  to  us  from  the  general  superin- 
tendent of  the  railroad."     (Page  259.) 
ii£*i64£ca  stem  ylbfid  n£fU  isJ^b- 

Friend — J.  Newton  Friend,  in  his  recent  book,  "The  Corrosion  of 
Iron  and  Steel"  (Longmans  Green  Co.,  1911),  states: 

"It  would  appear  therefore  that  when  everything  is  taken  into 
consideration  there  is  practically  nothing  to  choose  between  wrought 
iron  and  steel  as  at  present  manufactured."  (Page  286.)  And 
finally  concludes  with  these  words:  "These  and  many  other  in- 
stances might  be  cited  as  illustrating  the  fact  that  good  steel 
corrodes  at  much  the  same  rate  as  good  wrought  iron."  (Page  288.) 

•OOT'T) 

Sang — A.  Sang,  in  a  thorough  resume  of  the  question  entitled,  "The 
Corrosion  of  Iron  and  Steel"  (McGraw  Hill  Book  Co.,  New  York,  1910). 
says: 

"Properly  protected  steel  and  iron  rust  to  about  the  same 
extent,  the  steel  doing  so  more  uniformly,"  and  adds,  "The  best 
quality  of  charcoal  iron  is  practically  as  resistant  as  the  best 
quality  of  steel  used  for  similar  purposes."  (Page  49.) 

In  regard  to  pipe,  Sang  remarks: 

"The  carefully  acquired  experience  of  the  largest  manufacturers 
of  tubes  in  the  world,  which  induced  them  recently  to  abandon 
the  manufacture  of  wrought  iron  pipe,  teaches  that  the  use  of  steel 
in  place  of  iron,  at  least  in  the  United  States,  for  the  special  pur- 
pose of  tubing  is  to  be  preferred;  the  tendency  of  steel  to  pit  is 
somewhat  less  than  that  of  iron  and  it  welds  at  the  joint  fully  as 
well."  (Page  73.)  (See  "NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No.  4.) 

"In  the  thirty  complete  service  tests  made  by  railroads  during 
the  years  1907  and  1908,  modern  steel  tubing  showed  a  slight 
superiority  over  so-called  charcoal-iron  tubing  and  the  rusting 
was  more  uniform. 

H^qiq  Jrfguotw  noii 

"Badly  made  steel  will  evidently  corrode  faster  than  a  uniform 
product,  and  the  question  of  the  comparative  corrosion  of  iron  and 
steel  should  not  be  judged  from  the  behavior  of  a  poor  quality; 
unfortunately,  persons  afflicted  with  mental  hustling  always  gen- 
eralize exceptions." 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  583 


Woolson— Prof.  Ira  H.  Woolson  (Engineering  News,  December  8, 
1910)  secured  89  samples  of  corroded  pipe  from  seven  bath  houses  in  New- 
York  City.  Seventeen  of  these  samples  proved  to  be  wrought  iron  and 
the  remainder  steel.  Prof.  Woolson  says: 

"In  my  judgment  from  the  evidence  collected  there  was  abso- 
lutely no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of  the  two  classes  of  pipe;  they 
appear  to  be  equally  susceptible  to  the  attack." 

This  pipe  was  tested  to  destruction.  (See  "NATIONAL"  Bulletin 
No.  2.) 

:  -rfrv^krij^'  '' 

Walker— Perhaps  the  most  recent  investigation  reported  is  that  of 
Dr.  W.  H.  Walker  (New  England  Water  Works  Association,  March,  1912), 
of  the  Massachusetts  Institute  of  Technology,  who  secured  64  samples  of 
wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  in  adjacent  service.  These  samples  had  been 
in  service  from  2  to  17  years. 

Dr.  Walker  reported  that  of  the  64  samples  secured  20  pairs  favor  steel, 
1 8  iron,  9  show  no  difference  in  corrosion  and  17  no  corrosion  at  all.  Dr. 
Walker  says  in  this  paper: 

\'''  *' 
"These  results  again  demonstrate  that  taken  on  the  average 

there  is  no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel  pipe.  Con- 
versations held  with  engineers  in  charge  of  plants  during  this  in- 
vestigation confirm  the  statement  already  made  that  a  pipe  is 
frequently  called  steel  when  corrosion  is  found  to  be  excessive, 
while  it  is  set  down  as  iron  if  it  rusts  but  little."  (See 
"NATIONAL''  Bulletin  No.  10.) 

Ball — P.  DeC.  Ball  (Cold  Storage  and  Ice  Trade  Journal),  in  a  paper 
read  before  the  American  Society  of  Refrigerating  Engineers,  stated  as 
follows: 

"From  thirty  three  years  of  personal  observation,  constructing, 
erecting  and  operating  ice-making  and  refrigerating  machines, 
absorption  and  compression  types,  and  using  iron  pipes  for  the  first 
fourteen  years  and  iron  and  steel  pipe  for  the  next  nineteen  years, 
we  are  convinced  that  local  conditions  only  govern  the  corrosion 
of  pipes  in  refrigerating  and  ice-making  machines,  and  that, 
chemically  and  mechanically,  mild  steel  pipe  meets  the  require- 
ments of  the  refrigerating  engineer  in  all  respects,  and  better  than 
any  other  pipe  for  the  reason  that  it  is  superior  in  point  of  finish, 
strength,  strength  of  seam,  and  uniformity  of  materials."  (See 
"NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No.  5.) 

CosgrOVC — "Wrought  Pipe  Drainage  Systems"2  by  J.  J.  Cosgrove 
contains  many  significant  statements  relative  to  the  value  of  steel  pipe 
when  compared  with  wrought  iron.  We  quote  as  follows: 

2Published  by  Standard  Sanitary  Mfg.  Co.,  Pittsburgh,  Pa. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


584  Corrosion 


Page  3  —  "Such  progress  has  been  made  toward  improving  the 
temper  and  weld  of  pipe  steel,  .  .  .  that  today  wrought  iron 
pipe  can  scarcely  be  distinguished  from  steel  pipe,  so  far  as  the 
cutting,  threading,  and  splitting  are  concerned."  .  .  . 

Page  7  —  "So  far  as  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipes  are  concerned 
there  is  no  appreciable  difference  between  their  length  of  life 
under  similar  conditions  of  exposure  to  corrosion,  and  one  can 
be  accepted  as  equally  good  as  the  other."  .  .  ...  :>t 

Page  Q  —  "As  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipes  are  practically  the 
same,  they  will  be  considered  in  this  work,  together  with  all  other 
pipes  of  whatever  metal  or  alloy  which  are  put  together  with  screw 
joints,  as  wrought  pipes." 

"Sanitary  Refrigeration  and  Ice  Making,"  published  in  1014,  another 
work  by  Mr.  Cosgrove,  contains  the  following  extract  (page  127)  in  regard 
to  the  durability  and  physical  properties  of  steel  and  iron  wrought  pipe 
in  refrigerating  and  ice-making  systems: 

"Wrought  iron  or  steel  pipe  may  be  used  in  refrigeration  work. 

"So  far  as  length  of  life  is  concerned,  or  deterioration  from  pit- 
ting, there  is  practically  no  difference  between  the  two  materials. 
When  it  comes  to  strength,  however,  the  odds  are  in  favor  of  steel 
pipe.  This  is  true  not  only  of  the  walls  of  the  pipe,  but  of  the 
seams  as  well,  which  is  an  important  consideration. 

"Steel  pipe  is  more  pliable  than  wrought  iron  pipe,  and  on 
account  of  this  greater  pliability,  which  permits  steel  pipe  being 
bent  and  twisted  without  opening  at  the  seam  or  otherwise  failing, 
it  makes  a  better  material  for  refrigeration  installation  where 
numerous  pipe  bends  are  to  be  made.  It  might  be  well  to  note 
that  in  the  bending  of  wrought  pipe  there  is  less  liability  of  faiio) 
failing  at  the  seam  if  the  pipe  is  held  so  the  weld  will  be  at  the  side, 
not  at  the  top  or  bottom." 

Woodworth—  Mr.  H.  A.  Woodworth,  M.  E.,  associated  with  the 
Merchant's  Heat  and  Light  Company,  of  Indianapolis,  Ind.,  who  read  a 
paper  "District  Heating  Distribution  Systems"  before  the  Annual  Meet- 
ing of  the  National  District  Heating  Association  (1914)  held  in  Rochester, 
N.  Y.,  in  regard  to  the  merits  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe,  states  that: 

"The  use  of  steel  pipe  is  becoming  more  popular  ever  day,  due 
to  the  good  results  found  from  practical  experience.  The  author 
recently  took  up  some  lo-in.  and  i2-in.  mains  of  steel  pipe  and 
laid  i6-in.  in  their  place,  and  was  surprised  to  find  that  the  re- 
moved pipe  showed  the  original  stamping  of  the  manufacturers* 
after  13  years  of  usage  on  a  hot-water  heating  system.^*7: 


ueqrmqo 


Investigation    revealed     the     fact    that     the    pipe    in    question    was 
"NATIONAL"  Pipe,  made  by  National  Tube  Company. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  585 


The  pipe  was  laid  again  on  our  steam  lines,  being  insulated  with 
sectional  covering  and  tile,  and  we  expect  it  to  last  twenty-five 
years  longer."  .  .  . 

"Since  steel  pipe  is  equally  as  good  as  wrought  iron,  it  certainly 
is  not  a  good  policy  to  pay  the  difference  in  price  for  the  latter 
pipe.  Many  other  instances  of  steel  pipe's  good  qualities  might 
be  cited  but  the  discussion  will  no  doubt  bring  out  some  mighty 
interesting  features  along  this  line." 

Vincent — G.  I.  Vincent  in  a  paper  "Street  Main  Standards"*  read 
before  the  Eighth  Annual  Convention  of  the  American  Gas  Institute, 
October,  1013,  presented  a  summary  of  standards,  suggestions  derived  from 
the  best  practice,  and  recommendations  from  over  200  gas  companies 
relative  to  the  best  materials  for  pipe  manufactured  for  gas  service.  The 
following  quotations  from  this  paper  indicate  the  majority  expression  in 
favor  of  mild  steel  pipe— "NATIONAL"  Pipe: 

"Steel  or  Wrought  Iron —  .  .  .  The  mild  steel  now  being 
turned  out  by  the  tube  mills  is  really  the  so-called  wrought  pipe, 
and  an  order  for  wrought  pipe  or  black  pipe  will  be  filled  with 
steel.  The  so-called  genuine  wrought  iron  pipe  commands  a 
premium  of  about  15  per  cent  over  steel.  7/5  additional  value  is 
not  apparent.  Spellerized  steel  pipe  is  probably  as  durable  as  the 
wrought  iron^ jj^irf  &-»n$*9q*9 "kfifc^A#iH?BrJ« 

"Sixty-four  per  cent  of  the  companies  specified  steel  pipe, 
thirty-six  per  cent  specified  wrought  iron.  As  heretofore  stated  the 
advantages  of  wrought  iron  pipe  as  now  rolled,  over  the  mild  steel 
pipe  of  the  trade  is  not  apparent.  Wrought  iron  pipe  of  char- 
coal iron  might  be  more  durable  than  mild  steel,  but  pipe  is  not 

manufactured  of  this  material."     .     .     . 

.nqijOTw  flBri}  9rnf>3  bfisirfJ  oi  bsbasn 

MJOTW  8IJ319V  aqiq  [93^8  to  norgonoo  sri* 
SUMMARY 

"This  summary  is  prepared  for  convenience  in  reference.  It  gives  each 
item  and  the  suggested  best  practice.  .  .  . 

"STEEL  MATERIAL  FOR  STREET  MAINS— LOW  PRESSURES 

Steel  vs.  Wrought-Iron Steel 

Merchant  or  Full  Weight CZPlUffci/Q'Full  Weight 

Size  in  Preference  to  Cast  Iron Less  than  4"  diameter 

Life  of  Steel  Mains  Expected No  suggestion 

Coating None,  except  in  bad  soils 

"STEEL  MATERIAL— HIGH  PRESSURE— PIPE  LINES 

Steel  vs.  Wrought-Iron Steel 

Weight ,  *n+mw  5 Line  piPe 

Coating None,  except  in  bad  soils" 

4October,  1913,  American  Gas  Institute  News — Volume  II,  No.  7, 
pages  73-108. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  It,  IS,  106,  275-277 


586  Corrosion 


Shattuck—  -J.  D.  Shattuck  in  a  paper  "Welding  of  High  Pressure 
Mains"  read  before  the  ninth  annual  meeting  of  the  American  Gas  Insti- 
tute (1914)  in  reporting  the  results  of  some  tests  on  strength  of  autogenous 
welded  pipe  joints  made  on  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  by  the  Engineer- 
ing Department  of  Swarthmore  College  states: 

"This  test  shows  that  steel  pipe  is  stronger  and  more  ductile 

than  wrought  iron  pipe." 

to  ao  :,;>.  t'.-.  f.  as  equally  soG?!.aail  efcrfcKfcnc 


Duncan  —  R.  B.  Duncan  associated  with  the  United  Gas  Improve- 
ment Company  of  Philadelphia,  Pa.,  in  a  paper  "Installation  and  Main- 
tenance of  Service"  read  before  the  ninth  annual  meeting  of  the  American 
Gas  Institute  (1914),  states: 

i'/ise  ?.sg  tol  b  inn;?  :>£}««£  nt  '.xiixj  lolafBbsJfiai.isyri  oxOsal  svrieJai 
"Succeeding  the  old  lead  pipe  of  the  early  days  of  the  gas 
industry,  wrought  iron  pipe  was  used  almost  exclusively  for  service 
work,  for  many  years.  It  was  far  superior  to  lead  from  the  stand- 
point of  rigidity,  being  less  liable  to  trap,  and  then  it  was  cheaper. 
In  the  early  '90*8,  the  steel  industry  began  making  steel  pipe 
cheaper  than  wrought  iron  and  ever  since  that  time,  the  use  of 
wrought  iron  has  been  gradually  falling  off.  The  first  impression 
of  steel  pipe  gained  by  engineers  was  far  from  good;  it  had  the 
reputation  of  being  very  uncertain  as  to  temper  and  weld.  Many 
claimed  that  great  difficulty  was  experienced  in  cutting  threads  and 
that  split  pipe  very  frequently  occurred.  The  general  opinion  of 
engineers  that  steel  pipe  was  markedly  inferior  to  wrought  iron  in 
resistance  of  corrosion  is  one  that  has  caused  much  discussion. 

"Year  by  year  the  steel  industry  perfected  their  product  until 
the  pipe  became  as  soft  as  wrought  iron  with  no  more  power 
needed  to  thread  same  than  wrought  iron.  As  to  the  question  of 
the  corrosion  of  steel  pipe  versus  wrought  iron  it  is  a  feature  that 
has  been  discussed  by  many  prominent  metallurgists  of  the  country. 
The  consensus  of  opinion  seems  to  be  that  there  is  practically  no 
difference  between  the  two  on  this  point.  There  have  been  many 
tests  made  both  in  laboratory  and  field.  The  United  Gas  Improve- 
ment Company  have  made  many  such  tests.  From  laboratory 
experience,  as  far  back  as  1905,  it  was  decided  that  there  was 
little  difference  between  wrought  iron  and  steel  in  reference  to  corro- 
sion; in  fact,  it  was  discovered  that  the  new  steel  pipe  appeared 
to  have  an  outer  coating  of  oxide  which  would  resist  corrosion  far 
better  than  wrought  iron.  Many  tests  have  been  made  of  actual 
conditions  in  the  field,  and  it  has  been  the  general  opinion  that 
both  kinds  of  pipe  showed  almost  the  same  loss  of  weight  by  corro- 
sion, the  tendency  toward  pitting  being  somewhat  less  in  steel. 

"The  steel  industry  has  been  developing  a  new  process  which. 
after  several  years'  time,  has  given  many  encouraging  results.  By 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  587 


this  process  the  steel  is  treated  mechanically  and  does  not  in  any 
way  depend  upon  skilled  labor  beyond  keeping  up  the  machinery 
involved,  hence  uniform  treatment  is  assured. 
bns  Tl  .n£l;%£ifli  ,fc*  .oMX.Isaiuai  sJ^iT-  g'^sdmul*!  arto  ni  hsiieildu 

"This  new  process  is  a  method  of  treating  metal  which  consists 
in  subjecting  the  heated  bloom  to  the  action  of  rolls  having  regularly 
shaped  projections  on  their  working  surfaces,  then  subjecting  the 
bloom,  while  still  hot,  to  the  action  of  smooth  faced  rolls  and 
repeating  the  action  whereby  the  surface  of  the  metal  is  worked 
so  as  to  produce  a  uniform  dense  texture  better  adapted  to  resist 
corrosion,  especially  in  the  form  of  pitting. 

"Summing  up  the  comparison,  I  would  say  that  the  steel  pipe 
had  four  points  to  its  advantage,  that  would  justify  its  use  in  pre- 
ference to  wrought  iron,  as  follows: 

' 


Q: 

M9dll4*toy4teiab  otr^ibni 
(i)     It  costs  much  less. 

"  (2)     It  is  stronger  and  more  ductile  than  wrought  iron. 
..,'_.  ... 

(3)     It  is  more  uniform  in  composition. 

"  (4)     The  threads  cut  on  steel  pipe  appear  to  be  stronger." 

:::r!}   )'jc)  oil  i      .L>Mig=;OQ  193:10!   on   f>ir>   !?9^i;Ji^r'n  TO   ftoi3ij;tiJ8 

The  Gas  Record*  in  publishing  an  abstract  from  Mr.  Duncan's  paper 
states,  in  regard  to  the  value  of  the  Spellerizing  process  which  is  applied  t© 
"NATIONAL"  Pipe  only  (sizes  four  inches  and  under)  that: 

"The  consensus  of  opinion  is  that  modern  steel  pipe,  particu- 
larly if  Spellerized  is  as  durable  as  wrought  iron,  and  is,  besides, 
cheaper,  stronger,  and  more  ductile  and  more  uniform  in  composi- 
tion." 

10  fuv/:  .gdoJoO 

:>JT£  sbBosf?  jsfiq  stil  ni  Y.iJsubni  9qiq  testa  9riJ 

-ni  {.IQI  oJ  cOQ1  S1B9X  T.  ;  rfJod  lo  esgjsnnoJ 

Smith  —  The  unbiased  opinion  of  a  recognized  authority  on  any  certain 
subject  has  a  definite  and  ascertainable  value.  The  following  quotation 
is  significant,  being  taken  from  a  paper  "Some  Causes  of  Corrosion  or 
Oxidation  of  Metals  in  a  Refrigerating  System"  by  Morgan  B.  Smith, 
published  in  Ice,  October,  1913,  issue  relating  to  the  merits  of  the  Spel- 
lerizing process: 

"Steel  Pipe,  which  has  been  treated  in  such  a  manner  as  to 
eliminate  or  at  least  distribute  evenly  the  mill  scale  may  be  joined 
with  wrought  iron  or  cast  iron  safely  as  a  rule.  .  .  .  The  same 
stock  without  the  treatment  for  mill  scale  will  show  a  decided 
tendency  to  corrode  when  joined  with  wrought  iron  or  cast  iron. 
The  so-called  Spellerized  Steel  fulfills  this  condition  with  respect 

to  the  scale." 

'  v>Ji4' 
~oi  B98J54* 
6Page  222,  September  23,  1914,  Vol.  6,  No.  6. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


588  Corrosion 


Speller — F.  N.  Speller  in  summing  up  a  series  of  articles  on  the 
relative  durability  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  under  the  heading 
"Plain  Facts  about ' NATIONAL '  Pipe  for  the  Plumber  and  Steamfitter" 
published  in  the  Plumber's  Trade  Journal,  Dec.  15,  1913, •  Jan.  i7  and  15* 
and  Feb.  i,'  1914,  states  that: 

"It  should  be  borne  in  mind  by  all  thoughtful  members  of  the 
trades  handling  pipe  that: 

41 1.  Steel  pipe  is  no  longer  an  experiment,  but  has  a  record  of 
twenty-five  years'  service — and  in  that  time  has  increased  in  use 
to  ninety  per  cent  of  the  entire  production. 

"  2.  Opinions  should  be  based  on  a  real  personal  knowledge, 
taking  nothing  for  granted — the  average  user  of  pipe  has  abundant 
opportunity  to  investigate  for  himself. 

"3.  All  the  comparisons,  which  have  been  made  in  service 
covering  the  average  life  of  pipe  today,  indicate  clearly  that  there 
is  no  difference  in  life  between  iron  and  steel  pipe  as  a  class,  although 
there  is  something  to  say  between  the  various  makes  of  each  class. 

"4.  All  reputable  makes  of  pipe  are  now  marked  so  that  sub- 
stitution or  mistakes  are  no  longer  possible.  The  fact  that  so 
much  steel  pipe  has  been  used,  supposedly  as  wrought  iron,  in  the 
past  is  very  significant  in  the  light  of  real  experience. 

"5.  It  is  advisable  to  inquire  carefully  into  the  basis  of  state- 
ments made  on  the  general  question  of  iron  and  steel  pipe — hearsay 
and  supposition  are  dangerous  substitutes  for  real  experience  in 
such  matters." 

Iron  Trade  Review—In  a  leading  editorial  The  Iron  Trade  Review, 
October  15,  1914,  page  699,  comments  upon  the  tremendous  growth  of 
the  steel  pipe  industry  in  the  past  decade  and  gives  statistics  showing 
tonnages  of  both  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  for  years  1905  to  1913  in- 
clusive as  compiled  by  the  Bureau  of  Statistics  of  the  American  Iron  and 
Steel  Institute,  issued  in  a  Special  Statistical  Bulletin  No.  8,  and  in  con- 
clusion states: 

"The  popularity  of  steel  pipe  is  due  to  a  number  of  causes. 
Undoubtedly,  its  economy  has  been  an  influential  factor,  but  the 
great  increase  in  production  during  the  past  two  decades  cannot 
be  attributed  to  price  alone.  Quality  also  has  played  an  impor- 
tant part.  The  uniform  character  of  well-made  steel  pipe  is  a 
factor  in  its  favor,  and  its  ductility  adds  to  its  serviceableness. 

"As  far  as  the  subject  of  corrosion  is  concerned,  without  going 
into  exhaustive  arguments,  it  may  be  said  that  prominent  metal- 
lurgists now  agree  that  any  special  fears  which  may  have  been 


'Pages  807-8. 
TPages  29-30. 
'Pages  107-108. 
«Pages  191-192. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  ptog'es  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


Corrosion  589 


entertained  regarding  the  resistance  of  steel  pipe  to  corrosion  are 
groundless.  It  seems,  therefore,  that  there  are  sound  economic 
reasons  behind  the  tremendous  increase  in  the  production  of  steel 

pipe  during  the  past  twenty-five  years." 

'1/198  DJIJS  flL6rn  101  noil  $riju:  ''ite 

Wilson — L.  C.  Wilson  recently  made  a  very  careful  and  thorough  in- 
vestigation of  all  the  data  and  information  available  regarding  the  relative 
durability  of  steel  and  iron  wrought  pipe  in  actual  service  compiled  from 
many  sources  and  representing  the  independent  investigation  of  recog- 
nized authorities.  In  an  article — "Wrought  Iron  or  Steel  Pipes" — Mr. 
Wilson,  after  presenting  the  facts  as  contained  in  the  evidence  reviewed, 
concludes: 

"Viewing  impartially  all  of  the  data  presented  so  far,  there 
seems  to  be  little  to  choose  between  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe 
on  the  whole,  as  regards  their  resistance  to  corrosive  influences,  but 
one  point  may  be  mentioned  with  reference  to  the  manner  in  which 
these  materials  corrode:  With  steel  the  rusting  takes  place  more 
or  less  uniformly  over  the  surface,  while  wrought  iron  shows 
a  decided  inclination  to  form  deep  pits.  That  this  is  a  dangerous 
tendency  can  hardly  be  doubted." 

The  technical  editor  of  the  Pittsburgh  Gazette-Times,  one  of  the  leading 
newspapers  in  the  iron  and  steel  district,  in  reviewing  Mr.  Wilson's  article 

states: 

"To  paraphrase  an  old  saying,  a  pipe  wall  is  no  stronger  than  its 
thinnest  spot,  therefore,  to  the  extent  in  which  wrought  iron 
exhibits  this  defect  (pitting)  in  greater  measure  than  steel,  it  may 
be  considered  correspondingly  inferior." 

DHjG  IT 

November  7,  1915. 

Meier— In  a  paper14  read  before  the  local  branch  of  the  A.  S.  M.  E.  at 
Cornell  University  by  Col.  E.  D.  Meier,  Past  President  of  the  American 
Society  of  Mechanical  Engineers,  entitled  "Modern  Boiler  Problems,"  there 
is  the  following  significant  statement  regarding  the  durability  of  steel  and 
charcoal  iron  boiler  tubes: 

"The  United  States  Navy  Department  carried  on  a  series  of  tests 
with  various  corrosive  solutions  at  McKeesport,  for  a  period  of 
three  months.  The  report  of  the  Commission  sums  up  that  there 
was  only  a  slight  difference  in  corrosion  between  the  (so  called) 
'charcoal'  iron  and  the  steel  tubes,  and  that  in  favor  of  the  latter." 
jiaqsafa  sbiil  £  battiq  ei  noii  irisuoiw  sift  .snhfoync  II  .oqiq  bsJa 

<  gnljJiq  9;' 

Borden — A.  W.  Borden,  chairman  of  the  Committee  on  Distribution 
of  the  Iowa  District  Gas  Association,  in  reporting  the  results  of  that 


"Reprinted  from  the  Sibley  Journal  of  Engineering,  June,  i 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  13,  106,  275-277 


590  Corrosion 


committee's  work  at  the  annual  meeting  held  May  26-28,  1915, u  stated 
in  regard  to  the  merits  of  steel  and  iron  wrought  pipe  that: 

"There  has  been  much  discussion  as  to  the  relative  merits  of 
steel  and  wrought  iron  for  main  and  service  work.  The  latter 
material  was  formerly  attributed  with  many  advantages  not 
accorded  the  steel  pipe,  but  in  recent  years  the  improvement  to  this 
product  had  contributed  very  largely  to  dissipating  the  prejudices, 
which  based  upon  real  and  fancied  causes  formerly  existed,  until 
today  it  is  claimed  with  conservatism  that  the  best  prepared  steel  pipe 
will  surpass  wrought  iron  in  strength  and  ductility  and  has  the 
added  advantage  of  much  lower  cost." 

Walter — Bruce  Walter,  Dry  Blast  Engineer,  Isabella  Furnace,  Pitts- 
burgh, Pa.,  during  the  discussion  of  Morgan  B.  Smith's  paper — "Recent 
Developments  in  the  Study  of  Corrosion  in  Concrete  Buildings  and  Pipe 
Lines" — presented  at  the  eleventh  annual  meeting  of  the  American  Society 
.of  Refrigerating  Engineers,  New  York  City,  December  6-8,  1915,  gave  the 
results  of  his  experience  with  steel  and  iron  wrought  pipes  in  refrigerating 
service.  In  1905,  shortly  after  the  construction  of  a  new  air  refrigerating 
plant,  it  was  decided  to  reconstruct  several  of  the  ammonia  condensers 
and  install  alternate  lengths  of  steel  and  iron  wrought  pipe  in  an  effort  to 
determine  the  relative  durability  of  steel  and  iron  wrought  pipe  in  this 
service.  Recently,  after  ten  years'  service,  it  became  necessary  to  renew 
certain  parts  of  the  apparatus.  This  afforded  an  opportunity  to  examine 
the  pipe  in  the  above  referred  condensers.  Regarding  the  condition  of 
the  pipe  in  these  condensers,  Mr.  Walter  says: 

"In  short,  there  was  clearly  no  difference  in  corrosion  between 
the  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  after  practically  ten  years'  actual 
service  conditions." 

Stone — F.  W.  Stone,  during  the  discussion  of  a  paper — "Modern 
Wrought  Gas  Pipe" — read  before  the  third  annual  meeting  of  the  American 
Gas  Institute,  October  21-23,  1908,  New  York  City,  and  published  in  the 
proceedings  Vol.  Ill,  pages  262-274,  stated  that: 

"Some  two  years  ago,  in  order  to  satisfy  myself  which  was  best, 
I  took  some  samples  of  wrought  iron  and  of  steel  pipe  and  im- 
bedded them  in  a  cinder  bed,  and  took  them  out  occasionally  to  see 
how  they  were  getting  along.  Up  to  the  present  time  . 
(b*i  ....  apparently  there  is  little,  if  any,  difference  be- 
tween the  corrosion  on  the  wrought  iron  and  the  corrosion  on  the 
steel  pipe.  If  anything,  the  wrought  iron  is  pitted  a  little  deeper; 
that  is,  the  pitting  on  the  steel  pipe  is  probably  more  general  all 
over  the  surface,  but  the  pitting  on  the  wrought  iron  pipe  is  deeper 
on  the  spots  that  are  affected."  (Page  274.) 


HGas  Record,  June  q,  iqi  5,  page  428. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  12,  IS,  106,  275-277 


rriJ     "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubes 


591 


inch 


dOlTAW"      SS  936C 


•lUJsKI •.. 


.., 


"SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  STEEL   TUBES 


Page  15 

Materials  —  A  new  grade  of  steel,  called  .12%  Carbon  Open-Hearth 
is  used  for  boiler  tubes  exclusively. 
Chemical  Analysis: 

Carbon  ............................  08  to    .18  per  cent. 

Manganese  .........................  30  to    .50  per  cent. 

Phosphorus  .......................  not  over  .040  per  cent. 

Sulphur  ................  -          over  -°4S  per  cent- 


Page  16 

Physical  Properties  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel  Tubes 

.17  Per.  Cent  Carbon  Steel 
Chemical  Analysis: 

The  sulphur  and  phosphorus  limits  of   .17%  Carbon  Steel  should   be 
changed  to  read  as  follows: 

Sulphur not  over  .045  per  cent. 

Phosphorus.  . . not  over  .040  per  cent. 

instead  of 

Sulphur 015  to  .040  per  cent. 

Phosphorus oio  to  .035  per  cent. 

••/r:Vut:J  rijiw  DQiq  lo  JOQ!  -mi  Jiigbw  srfT 

pdi]  -.•>.-•.•  ..J  t  saibi>l7fli  ,^9^Voa  lo  djqgfi 

•  oi«ftsmib  IIA     .gbnuog  ij.i.  n-^via  a^aisw  llA 

. •.  I'u.ii.    ;/;  •ji^ia^ 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  15  and  JG 


592  "NATIONAL"  Standard  Pipe-"NATIONAL"  Line  Pipe 


Page  22      "NATIONAL"  Standard  Pipe—Black  and  Galvanized 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Size 

Diameters 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight  per  foot 

Thr'ds 
per 
inch 

Couplings 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

Plain 
ends 

Threads 
and 
coup- 
lings 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

I70.D. 
iSO.D. 
aoO.D. 

17.000 
18.000 

20.000 

16.214 
17.182 
19.182 

•393 
.409 
.409 

69.704 
76.840 
85.577 

72.602 
80.482 
89.617 

8 
8 
8 

18.683 
19.921 
21.921 

7X 
71A 

7*A 

90.941 
108.672 
120.187 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  K-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21. 

For  test  pressures  see  page  621.     For  illustration  showing  joint  see 

tern   1 1 


o  ! 


page  77 


Page  23  "NATIONAL"  Line  Pipe 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Size 

Diameters 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight  per  foot 

Thr'ds 
^cl- 
inch 

Couplings 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

Plain 
ends 

Threads 
and 
coup- 
lings 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

I7O.D. 
iSO.D. 
2oO.D. 

17.000 
18.000 
20.000 

16.214 
17.182 
19.182 

•393 
.409 
.409 

69.704 
76.840 
85.577 

72.769 
80.659 
89.794 

8 
8 
8 

18.683 
19.921 
21.921 

7H 
7X 

7tt 

91.064 
108.900 
120.547 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  K-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21. 

For  test  pressures  see  page  621.  For  illustration  showing  joint  see 
page  77. 


This  information  supplements   that   on  pages  22  and 


"NATIONAL"  California  Casing  and  Tubing 

593 

Page  29 

NATIONAL"  California  Diamond  BX  Casing 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 

Diameters 

Weight 

per  foot 

Couplings 

Size 

Thick- 

Threads 

Th'rds 

Exter- 

Inter- 

ness 

Plain 

and 

per 

Diam- 

nal 

nal 

ends 

coup- 

inch 

eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

lings 

4M 

4-750 

4.082 

•334 

15-752 

16.000 

10 

5-364 

6  $/& 

9-963 

5.000 

4-Soo 

.250 

12.682 

12.850 

10 

5-491 

6^ 

8-533 

4^ 

5.000 

4.408 

.296 

14.870 

15.000 

10 

5-491 

6^6 

8-533 

6£^t 

7.000 

6.336 

-332 

23-643 

24.000 

10 

7.698 

7fi 

17-943 

ii 

11.750 

11.000 

•375 

45-557 

47.000 

10 

12.866 

&y& 

49  379 

ii 

11.750 

10.772 

.489 

58.811 

60.000 

10 

12.866 

&1A 

49-379 

I2>£ 

13.000 

12.220 

•390 

52.523 

54.000 

10 

14.116 

8H 

54-508 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above 

and  5  per.  cent 

below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random 

lengths  unless 

otherwise  orde 

red. 

Taper  of  threads  is  H-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  casing  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  small 

sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 

All  weights  i 

jiven  in  pounds.     All  < 

iimensions  given  in  in< 

:hes. 

This  casing 

not  furnished  in  lighter  weights,  but  can  be  made  heavier 

than  shown  ab< 

Dve. 

When  one  size  of  casing  is  intended 

to  telescope  with  another, 

it  should 

always  be  specified  when  ordering. 
On  sizes  made  in  more  than  one  weight,  weight  desired  must  be 

specified. 

For  general  i 

lotes  see  page  21.     Fo 

r  test  pressures  see  paj 

?e  621 

For  illustration  showing  joint  see  page  82. 

Page  30   "NATIONAL"  California  Special  External  Upset  Tubing 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 

Diameters 

Weight 

per  foot 

Couplings 

Size 

Thick- 

Threads 

Thr'ds 

Exter- 

Inter- 

ness 

Plain 

and 

per 

Diam- 

nal 

nal 

ends 

coup- 

eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

lings 

T-% 

i.  660 

1.380 

.140 

2.272 

2.300 

uK 

2.  20O 

2>i 

1.049 

2 

2-375 

2.041 

.167 

3.938 

4.000 

11% 

3.060 

3^5 

2.329 

2 

2-375 

1-995 

.190 

4-433 

4-5oo 

11^2 

3.060 

3^ 

2.329 

!     2K 

2.875 

2.441 

.217 

6.160 

6.250 

nK 

3.668 

4*/t 

3.891 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5 

per  cent 

below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random 

lengths  unless 

otherwise  orde 

red. 

Taper  of  threads  is  K-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight 

per  foot  of  tubing  wit 

h  threads  and  couplin 

gs  is 

based  on 

a  length  of  20  feet,    including  the 

coupling,  but    shipping  lengths  will 

usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 
On  sizes  made  in  more  than  one  weight,  weight  desired  must  be  specified  . 

All  weights  i 

jiven  in  pounds.     All  ( 

Iimensions  given  in  inc 

:hes. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.     For  test  pressures  see  page  623. 

For  illustration  showing  joint  see  page  82. 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  29  and  SO 


594  "NATIONAL"  Special  Rotary  Pipe 


"NATIONAL"  Special  Rotary  Pipe 
All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Size 

Diameters 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight  per  foot 

Thr'ds 
per 
inch 

Couplings 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

Plain 
ends 

Threads 
and 
coup- 
lings 

15.000 
18.000 

2I.OOO 
29.OOO 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

*4K 

% 

4-Soo 
5.000 

II63 
6.625 

3.826 
4.290 
4.813 
5.761 

•337 
•355 
•375 
•432 

14.983 
17.611 
20.778 
28.573 

8 
8 
8 
8 

5-303 
5-803 
6-334 
7.396 

6X 
6K 
7H 
7H 

11.768 
12.988 
16.561 
19-561 

*These  sizes  are  included  in  the  list  on  page  34,  but  the  coupling  data 
has  been  revised. 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  2<-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  small 
sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

On  sizes  made  in  more  than  one  weight,  weight  desired  must  be  specified. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.     For  test  pressures  see  page  76.     For 


illustration  showing  joint  see  page  79. 

bnJOii  :ui>v    ><IG J-;-K :•;  o;  DtiLnoJni 

.baSbaqa  ad  j&im:  ,-/  ,.)il;usv;  y«o  iii. 


-Aja  9d  avB 


-NATIONAL"  SpecialUpset  Rotary  Pipe 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Size 

Diameters 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight  per  foot 

Thr'ds 
per 
inch 

Couplings 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

Plain 
ends 

Threads 
and 
coup- 

li*RS 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

i 

Weight 

\y, 

6 

3-Soo 
5.000 
6.625 

2.900 
4.388 
5-937 

.300 
.306 
•344 

10.252 
15-340 
23.076 

10.486 
15.737 
23.566 

8 
8 
8 

4.248 
5.756 
7.350 

6X 
7tt 
&X 

8.777 
15-787 
22.994 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  K-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  small 
sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet,  bnfi  ; 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

On  sizes  made  in  more  than  one  weight,  weight  desired  must  be  specified. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.  For  test  pressures  see  page  623.  For 
illustration  showing  joint  see  page  79. 

r^dj  8391  93fn9Vfi  yllfiiJgl* 

{3  3d  Jaurn  foaimb  Jrigisw  ,;frisi9w  9110  fieri*  aiora  ni  sbsm  asxia  nO 

.wrih  HA     .gbnijoq  ni  navig  sJrfabw  ILA    ' 

.:28'3iq  489 J  10^      .IS  9y/jq  993  89JOII  Ij519fI9a  T-O^I 

.s8  ajjeq  393  in'ioi  gniworfa  noUBi^auIli  to^I 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page  S4 


"NATIONAL"  South  Penn  Casing— Air  Line  Pipe      595 


Page  35  "NATIONAL"  South  Penn  Casing 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Size 

Diameters 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight  per  foot 

Thr'ds 
per 
inch 

Couplings 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

(Threads 
Plain  1    and 
ends    i  coup- 
lings 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

*$ 

6X 

*6^ 

I2K 

S-Soo 
6.625 
6.625 
7.000 
13.000 

4.892 
6.041 
5.913 
6.450 
12.356 

•304 
.292 
•356 
•275 
.322 

16.870  i  17.000 
19.750  !  20.000 
23.835  |  24.000 

19.751   !   20.000 

43.500    45-000 

nK 
nH 
uK 

IO 

8 

6.155 
7.280 
7-280 
7.699 

14.085 

Stt 
Stt 
5H 
6^ 
7H 

8.849 
11.647 
11.647 
14.458 
46.464 

*These  sizes  are  included  in  the  list  on  page  35  but  the  coupling  data 
has  been  revised. 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  H-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes  shown 
above,  except  the  i2^-inch  which  is  24 -inch  taper. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  casing  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  small 
sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

On  sizes  made  in  more  than  one  weight,  weight  desired  must  be  specified. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.  For  test  pressures  see  page  621.  For 
illustration  showing  joint  see  page  83. 


OOO..I 


Page  36 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


"NATIONAL"  Air  Line  Pipe 


Size 

Diameters 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight  per  foot 

Thr'ds 
per 
inch 

Couplings 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

Plain 
ends 

Threads 
and 
coup- 
lings 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

*4 

4-Soo 

3-958 

.271 

12.240 

12.500 

8 

5-Soo 

4K 

9.124 

*This  size  is  included  in  the  list  on  page  36,  but  the  weight  and  dimen- 
sion data  has  been  revised. 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

The  above  pipe  is  fitted  with  special  air  line  couplings  recessed  for 
lead  calking. 

Taper  of  threads  is  ^-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  small 
sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.  For  test  pressures  see  page  623.  For 
illustration  showing  joint  see  page  80. 


This   information   supplements   that   on   pages   35   and   36 


596     "NATIONAL"  Dry  Kiln  Pipe—Tuyere  Pipe—Tubes 


Page  37  "NATIONAL"  Dry  Kiln  Pipe 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Diameters 

Weight  per  foot 

Couplings 

Size 

Exter- 
nal 

Inter- 
nal 

Thick- 
ness 

Plain 
ends 

Threads 
and 
coup- 

Thr'ds 
per 
inch 

Diam- 
eter 

L'gth 

Weight 

_J  

lings 

3/ 

2^ 

374 

4 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  94-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  small 
sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.  For  test  pressure  see  page  623.  For 
corrected  illustration  showing  joint  see  page  624. 

Page  37  "NATIONAL"  Tuyere  Pipe 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


iO1!       .&£<>! 

Size 

Diameters 

Thickness 

Weight  per  foot 
plain  ends 

External 

Internal 

X 
iX 

1.050 
i.  900 

.742 
1.500 

•154 
.200 

1-473 
3-631 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  plain  ends  and  in  random  lengths  unless  otherwise 
ordered. 

This  pipe  is  made  in  random  lengths  up  to  40  feet. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  ai.     For  test  pressures  see  page  623. 

Page  40  "NATIONAL"  Locomotive  Boiler  Tubes— Lap-Welded— 
Open-Hearth  Steel 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 
(For  test  pressures  see  page  622) 


Diameters 


Exter- 


Inter- 
nal 


Thickness 


Inches  B.W.G 


Weight 
foot 


Length  of  tube 

per  square 

foot 


Square  foot  of 
surface  per 
lineal  foot 


External 
Surface 


Internal 
Surface 


External 
Surface 


Internal 
Surface 


2K 


2.170 
2.140 
2.670 
2.640 


.180 

.165 

.180 


4.114 
4.460 
4-995 
5.421 


1-527 
1.527 
1.273 
1.273 


1.760 
1.784 
1.430 
1.446 


.654 
.654 
.785 
.785 


.568 
.560 
-699 
.691 


NOTE. — Please  eliminate  from  page  40  all  reference  to  2^2 -inch  O.  D. 
No.  13  gauge,  and  3-inch  O.  D.  No.  13  gauge  Lap-Welded  "NATIONAL" 
Locomotive  Boiler  Tubes. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  37  and  40 


"NATIONAL"  Ammonia  Pipe— Hydraulic  Pipe        597 


"NATIONAL"  Ammonia  Pipe,  Specially  Recommended  for  Ammonia 
Purposes 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


Diameters 


Exter- 
nal 


1.050 
1-315 
1.660 
i. 900 
2-375 


Inter-  Thick- 
nal       ness 


.824 
1.049 
1.380 
1.610 
2.067 


Weight  per  foot! 

Threads  Thr'ds 


.113 
•133 

.140 
•145 
•154 


Plain 
ends 


1.130 
1.678 
2.272 
2.717 
3.652 


and 
coup- 
lings 


I.I37 
1.686 
2.297 
2.744 
3.706 


per 
inch 


Couplings 


Diam- 
eter 


L'gth 


1.300 
1-559 
2.031 
2.271 
2.817 


2H 


Weight 


•323 
•454 
.992 
1.125 

2.098 


Sizes  %"-mch  to  iK-inch,  inclusive,  are  butt-welded  and  redrawn  fron 
a  larger  size ;  2-inch  size  is  lap- welded  (not  redrawn.) 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  5  per  cent  above  and  5  per  cent 
below. 

Furnished  with  threads  and  couplings  and  in  random  lengths  unless 
otherwise  ordered. 

Taper  of  threads  is  K-inch  diameter  per  foot  length  for  all  sizes. 

The  weight  per  foot,  of  pipe  with  threads  and  couplings  is  based  on  a 
length  of  20  feet,  including  the  coupling,  but  shipping  lengths  of  smar 
sizes  will  usually  average  less  than  20  feet. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21.  For  test  pressures  see  page  623.  For 
illustration  showing  joint  see  page  624. 


i-  ? 


"NATIONAL"  Hydraulic  Pipe 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 


1600  |  71.089 

1400  80.101 

1300  I  88.1x1 

I2OO  I  96.121 


The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  10  per  cent  above  and  10  per 
cent  below. 

Furnished  with  plain  ends  and  in  random  lengths,  unless  otherwise 
ordered. 

All  weights  given  in  pounds.     All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 

For  general  notes  see  page  21. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  45>  68  to  76 


598           "NATIONAL"  Large  O.  D.  Pipe,  Plain  Ends 

["NATIONAL"  Large  O.  D.  Pipe,  Plain  Ends 

!  £  §  All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 

THICKNESS 

»o 
to 

1 

o 

M 

8|    » 

8 

*    8 

^ 

8 

oo 

i 

3 

tf 

8, 

W 

0 

M 

vo* 

5 

et- 

00 

to 

8 

140-522 

§ 

1 

1 

6 

1  s 

\n 

8 

VJ 

SI      1 

oo 

o| 

il.' 

11 

rj-l         0 
»o|       O 

§ 

8 

10 

Tf 

8 

g      gj     3 

g 

£ 

0 

M 

w 

to 

3 

M 

2> 

M 

1 

M 

00 

H 

S     8 

•<*      o 

rf         0 

Tf 

8 

| 

8 

a 

%    S 

8 

it  § 

i 

?F  'H 

__« 

' 

5 

§ 

00 

! 

M 

*"* 

«*!  £ 

0          to 

o 

1 

8 

00 

a 

1   § 

3 

0 

0>j 

O 

M 

t 

H 

1 

i 

s 

6 

00 

0 

05-054 

8 

O 

o 

I2OO 

] 

§ 

8 

ns-079 

lo 

I 

0 

0 

1 

vd 
<o 

1 

1 

\0 

0 

to 

8 

5- 

8 

3 

2- 

B3 

0 

fe 

1 

eg 

1 

eg 

M 

c 

M 

0 

H 

jj 

i 

1 

i 

I 

i 

M 
? 

o 

H 

0 

H 

0 

H 

9 

M 

0 

M 

8 

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a 

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1 

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8 

to 

00 

8 

£ 

i 

to 

8 

to 

CO 

1 

tO 

to 

i 

i 

External  Diameter 

*••  :io  : 

*J  • 

«  • 

-M        ' 

a    ' 

«  ^ 

a    • 

n   • 

*J     ' 

n    • 

*j  • 

fl     ' 

Weight  per  fo< 
plain  ends  .  . 

i  est  pressure 
pounds  

Weight  per  fo< 
plain  ends  .  . 

lest  pressure 
pounds  

Weight  per  fo 
plain  ends  .  . 

lest  pressure 
pounds  

Weight  per  fo 
plain  ends  .  . 

Test  pressure 
pounds  

W  eight  per  f  o 
plain  ends  .  . 

I  est  pressure 
pounds  

£  : 

I 

i  est  pressure 
pounds  

W  eight  per  fo< 
plain  ends  .  . 

1  est  pressure 
pounds  

•* 

E 

•2 

M 

00 

o 

M 

T^is  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  45,  68  to  76 


''NATIONAL"  Large  O.  D.  Pipe,  Plain  Ends           599 

("NATIONAL"  Large  O.  D.  Pipe,  Plain  Ends 

(Concluded) 

.;•;  cr 
The  permissible  variation  in  weight  is  10  per  cent  above  and  10  per  cent  below. 
Furnished  with  plain  ends  and  in  random  lengths  unless  otherwise  ordered. 
All  weights  given  in  pounds.  All  dimensions  given  in  inches. 
For  general  notes  see  page  21. 

THICKNESS 

3? 

y^w, 

M 

1OL 

X 

• 

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vd 

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b  fce>*  &rt/6 
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Weight  per  foot 
plain  ends  .... 

g  : 

O     ' 

•2 

o    i 

s 

%  '•• 

Test  pressure  in 
pounds  

Weight  per  foot 
plain  ends  .... 

3  : 

!i 

—  ( 

Test  pressur 
pounds.  .  . 

Weight  per  f 
plain  ends 

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pounds  .  .  . 

Weight  per  f 
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pounds.  .  . 

It 

5 

5 

0 

00 

I 

This  information  supplements  that  on  vaaes  22  to  45,  68  to  76 


600          "NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

All  Weights  and  Dimensions  are  Nominal 

The  permissible  variation  in  weight  ia  5  per  cent  above 

and  5  per  cent  below 

O  D 

Nominal  thickness 

Mill 

Weight 

inches 

Birming'm 

Fraction 

Decimal 

test 

per  foot 

wire  gauge 

inches 

inches 

4K 

.128 

700 

5.976 

4K 

10 

.134 

700 

6.248 

l^L  •  oc 

.142 

800 

6.609 

40 

'l 

as  . 

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.165 

800 
900 

6.879 
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4/"£ 

—  jr-1  — 

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ft 

•1875 

1  200 

8.635 

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9.316 

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1300 

9403 

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1  **         '  ii 

•  237 

1600 

0.790 

4K 

K 

.250 

1800 

1-347 

4K 

.252 

1800 

i  433 

4K 

'w.  .  i 

-255 

1800 

1.561 

•  • 

.271 

1800 

2.240 

4K 

—  ^rr~~ 

•3g 

•3125 

1900 

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4-983 

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800 

7.I3I 

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.1875 

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9.136 

4^4 

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9-393 

4^ 

% 

.250 

1600 

12.015 

4K 

ft 

•3125 

1800 

14.810 

4?? 

•334 

I800 

15.752 

•3  *  S 

10 

.134 

700 

6.963 

5 

9 

.148 

750 

7.669 

I.  I 

.152 

800 

7.870 

s  i  - 

Li 

i2t-t_ 

.165 

900 

8.520 

-  i  c 

7 

.180 

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9.266 

ft 

.1875 

IIOO 

9.637 

")-    §• 

'6 

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I2OO 

10.400 

2.  £:   ~ 

5 

.220 

1400 

11.231 

5 

•247 

1600 

12.538 

% 

.250 

1600 

12.682 

S 

.288 

I70O 

14-493 

5 

.306 

1700 

IS  340 

5 

ft 

•3125 

I70O 

15.644 

•355 

1800 

17.611 

5% 

-153 

800 

8.328 

5x4" 

.182 

900 

9-851 

5/^ 

^ 

.1875 

IOOO 

10.137 

sK 

.241 

1400 

12.892 

sK 

x^ 

.250 

1500 

13.350 

5x^ 

.301 

1600 

15.909 

5X 

ft 

.3125 

1600 

16.479 

5K 

10 

•134 

700 

7.679 

sK 

-154 

800 

8.792 

5K 

ft 

•1875 

IOOO 

10.638 

5K 

.228 

I2OO 

12.837 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  45,  68  to  76 


"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines          601 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

0.  D. 

—  .  ._^_ 

Mill 

Weight 

inches 

Birming'm 
wire  gauge 

Fraction 
inches 

Decimal 
inches 

test 

per  foot 

5K 

~ 

% 

.250 

1400 

14.017 

-304 

1600 

16.870 

5K 

•• 

TS 

•3125 

1600 

17-313 

£fc 

A 

•  1875 

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10.764 

5^ 

K 

.250 

1400 

14-185 

STS 

.258 

1500 

14.617 

5^r 

,293 

1600 

16.491 

5^ 

.  . 

•364 

1600 

17074 

5A 

.  . 

A 

•3125 

1600 

17-523 

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•375 

1800 

20.778 

<$£•? 

.140 

700 

8.762 

6 

*9 

.148 

700 

9.250 

mil 

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800 

9-751 

- 

.164 

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•  ^^•••'j 

*8 

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800                        10.282 

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7 
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900                11.188 

5 

A 

.1875 

900                11.639 

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" 

.190 
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900                11.789 
looo                12.568 

6 

A 

.21875 

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6 

*5 

.220 

iioo                13-580 

6 

.224 

iioo                13.818 

6 

"i 

.238 

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6 

x^ 

.250 

1300            15-352 

6 

'3 

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1400                15.880 

6 
6 

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16.814 
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.169 

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11.652 

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12.390 

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6 

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4 

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iioo               16.694 

6^i 

%                  .250 

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6^ 

3 

•259 

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17.609 

6^ 

.280 

1500 

18.974 

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This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  45,  68  to  76 


602           "NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

0.  D. 

•  

Mill              Weight 

inches 

Birming'm 

Fraction 

Decimal 

test 

per  foot 

wire  gauge 

inches 

inches 

6^ 

.417 

1700               27.648 

6H 

•• 

•432 

1800               28.573 

7 

.149 

600               10.902 

7 

ft 

.15625 

700               11.420 

ftblb 

'a 

.165 

700               12.044 

I|M 

.174 

800 

12.685 

floj; 

7 

.180 

800 

13-110 

3i«\ 

A 

.1875 

800 

13.642 

7 

'6 

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900 

14-736 

7 

A 

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15.842 

7 

5 

.220 

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15-930 

7 

.231 

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16.699 

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4 

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17.188 

ftftSi 

K 

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18.022 

7 

3 

.259 

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18.646 

7 

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7 

275 

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19-751 

7 

&              .28125 

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7 

2 

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7 

X00] 

300 

1300                      21.467 

7 

A 

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7 

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7 

•393 

1500 

27.731 

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1600 

29.712 

7H 

.181 

750 

14.390 

7^ 

ft 

.1875 

750 

14.893 

7H 

*6 

.203 

800 

16.091 

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ft 

.21875 

900 

17-303 

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5 

.220 

900 

17-399 

7H 

4 

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18.776 

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X 

.250 

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19.691 

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3 

.259 

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20.375 

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A 

.28125 

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22.059 

7H 

2 

.284 

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22.266 

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23-544 

8 

.158 

600 

13-233 

8 

'8 

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600 

13-807 

8 

7 

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700 

15-033 

8 

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700 

15-441 

8 

.186 

700 

15-522 

8 

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700 

15-644 

8 

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800 

16.904 

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5S 

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800 

18.179 

8 

5 

.220 

800 

18.280 

8 

.236 

900 

19.569 

8 

4 

.238 

900 

19.730 

8 

K 

.250 

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8 

3 

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21.412 

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2 

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23.403 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  $,  68  to  76 


"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines           603 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

O  D 

Mill 

Weight 

inches 

Birming'm 

Fraction 

Decimal 

test 

per  foot 

wire  gauge 

inches 

inches 

8 

i 

.300 

1200 

24.671 

8 

•307 

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8 

fs 

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.  • 

mr 

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16.940 

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19.486 

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57 

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19.639 

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19.748 

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21.318 

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% 

.250 

900 

22.361 

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3 

•259 

900 

23  141 

Itt 

" 

.264 
.277 

I  OOO 
I  OOO 

23-574 
24.696 

S^i 

A 

.28125 

1000 

25.062 

8  f6 

2 

.284 

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I 

.300 

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28.554 

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0 

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tt 

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30.084 
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31.101 
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.250 

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.259 

800 

25.907 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  45,  68  to  76 


604         "NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

O-pv 

Nominal  thickness 

Mill 

W*»itrVit 

.  u. 

inches 

Birming'm 

Fraction 

Decimal 

111 

test 

eignt 
per  foot 

wire  gauge 

inches 

inches 

9% 

& 

.28125 

900 

28.066 

9% 

2 

.284 

900 

28.332 

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i 

.300 

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20.877 

9% 

S 

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9% 

o 

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10 

-175 

500 

18.363 

10 

7 

.180 

500 

18.878 

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This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  82  to  fi,  68  to  76 


"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines          605 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

Q     D                                                                                                                                     '                TV-Till 

Weight 

inches 

Birming'm 

Fraction 

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per  foot 

wire  gauge 

inches 

inches 

ii 

& 

.28125 

800 

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ii 

2 

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information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  45,  68  to  76 


606         "NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe 

for  Gas  Lines 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

iim< 

Or) 

Mill 

WfiVht 

,  \j. 
inches 

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Fraction 

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test 

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per  foot 

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•3125 

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13 

§08 

.284 

700 

38-569 

13 

$-0 

.300 

700 

40.691 

13 

.  . 

.310 

700 

42.014 

13 

'  [ 

A 

•3125 

7OO 

42.345 

13 

.320 

800 

43-335 

13 

0 

•340 

800 

45-971 

13 

H 

•34375 

800 

46.464 

13 

•359 

900 

48.467 

I3 

\  | 

1  ] 

.361 

QOO 

48.730 

13 

•' 

' 

•390 

IOOO 

52.523 

14 
14 

[  [ 

.. 
& 

.210 
.21875 

500 
500 

30.928 
32.196 

14 

5 

. 

.220 

SOO 

32.377 

14 

4 

.238 

SOO 

34-981 

14 

.248 

550 

36.424 

14 

'A           x 

.250 

SSO 

36.713 

14 

3 

.259 

SSO 

38.009 

14 

.276 

60O 

40.454 

14 

A 

.28125 

60O 

41.208 

14 

2 

.284 

6OO 

41.602 

14 

^°0 

-300 

600 

43.895 

14 

^OOo 

.310 

700 

45.325 

14 

8 

A 

.. 

.3125 
.328 

700 
750 

45-682 
47.894 

14 

'o 

•340 

750 

49.602 

14 

H 

•34375 

750 

50.136 

14 
14 

H 

•375 
.40625 

750 
800 

54-568 
58.980 

14 

•43  7  S 

900 

63-37I 

14 

.0 

•?8is 

.46875 

IOOO 

67.741 

15 

is 

.. 

opr) 

.. 

.222 
.238 

500 
500 

35.038 
37.523 

15 

K 

.2SO 

500 

39-383 

15 

3 

•259 

550 

40-775 

15 

.260 

550 

40.930 

15 

A 

.28125 

550 

44.212 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  #>,  68  to  76 


"  NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines          607 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Continued) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

0  D 

Mill 

inches 

Birming'ml   Fraction 

Decimal 

test 

w  eignt 
per  foot 

wire  gauge)     inches 

inches 

15 

2 

.284 

550 

44-636 

15 

.291 

550 

45-714 

15 

i 

.300 

600 

47.099 

IS 

A 

•3125 

600 

49.020 

15 

.320 

650 

50.171 

15 

0 

•340 

700 

53-234 

IS 
IS 

1 

•34375 
•375 

700 
750 

53.807 
58.573 

IS 

if 

.40625 

800 

63-319 

IS 

iV 

•4375 

800 

68.044 

15 

9 

.46875 

900 

72.748 

IS 

Yi 

.500 

1000 

77-431 

IS 

1        •.•OOQ 

& 

.5625 

1  100 

86.734 

16 

.. 

•  234 

500 

39-401 

16 

QVSfc] 

.238 

500 

40.065 

16 

X 

.250 

500 

42.053 

16 

3 

•259 

500 

43-542 

16 

.270 

550 

45-359 

16 

A 

.28125 

550 

47-215 

16 

2 

.284 

550 

47.669 

16 

I 

.300 

550 

50.303 

16 

.302 

550 

50.632 

16 

A 

•3125 

550 

52.357 

16 

•330 

600 

55-228 

16 

O 

•340 

650 

56.865 

16 

$ 

•34375 

650 

57.478 

16 

% 

•375 

750 

62.579 

16 

.401 

800 

66.806 

16 

H 

.40625 

800 

67-658 

16 

A 

•4375 

800 

72.716 

16 
16 

8 

.46875 
•  500 

900 

IOOO 

77-754 
82.771 

17 

•• 

.240 

450 

42.959 

17 

# 

.250 

450 

44.723 

17 

3 

•  259 

450 

46.308 

1 

"2 

* 

.28125 
.284 

500 

500 

50.219 

50.702 

17 

i 

.300 

500 

53.507 

17 

A 

•3125 

500 

55.695 

17 

o 

•340 

600 

60.496 

17 

H 

•34375 

600 

61.150 

17 

H 

•375 

650 

66.584 

17 

•393 

750 

69.704 

17 

H 

.40625 

750 

71.997 

17 

A 

•4375 

750 

77-389 

17 

H 

.46875 

800 

82.760 

17 

# 

.500 

900 

88.ni 

17 

A 

•5625 

IOOO 

98.749 

18 

-245 

450 

46.458 

18 

>< 

.250 

450 

47-393 

18 

3 

•  259 

450 

49-074 

18 

A 

.28125 

500 

53-223 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  Jp,  68  to  76 


608         "NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

"NATIONAL"  Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines 

(Concluded) 

Ends  Fitted  Specially  for  Specified  Coupler  or  for  Welding 

Nominal  thickness 

O.  D. 

Mill 

W'eisht 

inches 

Birming'm 

Fraction 

Decimal 

test 

per  foot 

wire  gauge 

inches 

inches 

18 

2 

.284 

500 

53-735 

18 

I 

.300 

500 

56.711 

18 

.310 

500 

58.568 

18 

A 

•3125 

500 

59-032 

18 

0 

•340 

550 

64.127 

18 

H 

•34375 

550 

64.821 

18 

•375 

600 

70.589 

18 

f  . 

H 

.40625 

700 

76.336 

18 

.409 

700 

76.840 

18 
18 

1 

•4375 
.46875 

700 
750 

82.061 
87.767 

18 

.500 

800 

93-451 

18 

A 

•5625 

900 

104.757 

19 

3 

•  259 

450 

51-840 

19 

A 

.28125 

450 

56.227 

19 

2 

.284 

450 

56.768 

19 

I 

•300 

500 

59-915 

19 

& 

•3125 

500 

62.370 

19 

O 

•340 

550 

67.759 

19 

H 

•34375 

550 

68.492 

19 

•375 

600 

74-594 

19 
19 

t 

.40625 
•4375 

650 

700 

80.674 
86.734 

19 

H 

.46875 

750 

92.773 

aiftfZ 

•• 

.500 

800 

98.791 

20 

.272 

450 

57.309 

2O 

A 

.28125 

450 

59.231 

20 

2 

.284 

450 

59.8oi 

2O 

X 

.300 

450 

63.119 

20 

TS 

•3125 

500 

65-708 

2O 

0 

-340 

550 

71.390 

20 

t  . 

H 

•34375 

550 

72.164 

20 

•375 

600 

78.599 

20 

.409 

650 

85.577 

6£$"°l 

•301 

450 

69.756 

22 

0 

A 

-3125 
•340 

450 
500 

72.383 
78.652 

'2'J-''  •'•• 

H 

•34375 

500 

79.506 

22 

X 

•375 

500 

86.609 

22 

.400 

550 

92.276 

11 

•• 

" 

s 

.40625 
•4375 

550 
600 

93.691 
100.752 

3~! 

•46875 

600 

107.792 

K 

.500 

650 

114.811 

24 

•330 

450 

83-423 

24 

0 

•340 

450 

85.915 

24 

ti 

•34375 

450 

86.849 

24 

N 

•375 

500 

94.619 

24 

.40625 

500 

102.368 

24 

A 

•4375 

550 

110.097 

24 

M 

.46875 

550 

117-805 

24 

.. 

% 

.500 

600 

125.491 

. 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  22  to  J&,  68  to  76 


Square  Pipe — Rectangular  Pipe  609 


3«1I<1   iO 
SQUARE  AND  RECTANGULAR  PIPE 

Since  the  publication  of  the  1913  edition  of  Book  of 
Standards,  National  Tube  Company  has  discontinued 
the  manufacture  of  welded  square  and  rectangular  pipe. 
Orders  can  be  filled,  however,  with  "SHELBY"  Seam- 
less Square  and  Rectangular  Tubing,  which  will  be 
found  to  surpass  the  welded  pipe  in  finish,  strength, 
accuracy  to  size,  etc. 

:i's;*te<l4H<<  • 


This  information  cancels  that  on  pages  $,  66,  67,  85  to 


610  Properties  of  Pipe 


PROPERTIES  OF  PIPE 

araiY  jiAjJtJdyrAT.jaH  a  ZA  citfAiit^  -' 

Definition  of  Strength  Factor  "Q." 

O  -225-1- 
u  ~  y 

Strength  Factor  "Q"  represents  the  strength  of  the 
pipe  to  resist  bending  action,  and  is  the  resisting 
moment  in  thousands  of  foot  pounds,  the  stress  in 
the  material  being  27,000  pounds  per  square  inch. 
For  any  other  allowable  stress  in  the  material  the 
resisting  moment  is  directly  proportional. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  58  to  65 


Properties  of  Pipe                                   6  1  1 

Properties  of  Pipe 

foot  pounds       7       27000          I        9      / 

Strength  factor  O  —                         ~~      X               X.    ™ 

1000              y          1000         12      2   O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment of 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

/ 

l/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

2.500 

.165 

4.114 

.8290 

.6632 

I.2IO 

.6849 

.8276 

1.492 

2.500 

.180 

4.460 

.8880 

.7104 

I-3I2 

.6769 

.8227 

1.598 

2.875 

-366 

9.807 

2.318 

613 

2.885 

.8036 

.8965 

3-629 

3.000 

.180 

5.421 

1.592 

.061 

1-595 

.9981 

.9990 

2.387 

4-500 

.128 

5.976 

4.204 

.869 

1.758 

2.391 

1.546 

4.204 

4.500 

.148 

6.879 

4.796 

.132 

2.023 

2.370 

1.540 

4.796 

4-500 

.165 

7-639 

5.286 

•349 

2.247 

2-352 

1-534 

5.286 

4-Soo 

.180 

8.304 

5-709 

•537 

2-443 

2-337 

1.529 

5-709 

4.500 

•1875 

8.635 

5.9I7 

.630 

2.540 

2.329 

1.526 

5-917 

4-500 

.203 

9.316 

6-339 

.817 

2.740 

2.313 

1.521 

6-339 

4-500 

•3125 

13-975 

9.061 

4.027 

4.111 

2.204 

1.485 

9.061 

4.750 

.1875 

9.136 

7-005 

2-949 

2.688 

2.606 

1.614 

6.636 

4-750 

.250 

12.015 

8.974 

3.778 

3-534 

2-539 

1-593 

8.501 

4-750 

•3125 

14.810 

10.78 

.  4-537 

4-357 

2.474 

1-573 

IO.2I 

5.000 

.165 

8.520 

7-332 

2-933 

2.506 

2.926 

1.710 

6-599 

5.000 

.180 

9.266 

7.926 

3.I7I 

2.726 

2.908 

1.705 

7-134 

5.000 

•  1875 

9-637 

8.219 

3.288 

2.835 

2.899 

1.703 

7-397 

5.000 

-203 

10.400 

8.815 

3-526 

3-059 

2.882 

1.698 

7-934 

5.000 

.220 

11.231 

9456 

3-782 

3-304 

2.862 

1.692 

8.510 

5.000 

.296 

14.870 

12.15 

4-859 

4-374 

2.777 

1.666 

10.93 

5-000 

•3125 

15.644 

12.70 

5.078 

4.602 

2-759 

1.661 

11-43 

5-250 

•1875 

10.137 

9-566 

3-644 

2.982 

3.208 

1.791 

8.2CO 

5-250 

.250 

13-350 

12.30 

4.687 

3-927 

3-133 

1.770 

10.55 

5-250 

•3125 

16.479 

14.83 

5-650 

4.847 

3.060 

1.749 

12.71 

5-5oo 

•  134 

7.679 

8.136 

2.958 

2.259 

3-6oi 

1.898 

6.656 

5.500 

•1875 

10.638 

11.05 

4.019 

3.129 

3-532 

1.879 

9.044 

5-500 

.250 

14.017 

14.24 

5.178 

4.123 

3-453 

1.858 

11.65 

5-500 

•3125 

17-313 

17.19 

6.252 

5.093 

3.376 

1.837 

14.07 

5-563 

•1875 

10.764 

H.45 

4.117 

3.166 

3.616 

1.902 

9-263 

5-563 

-250 

14.185 

14.76 

5.305 

4-173 

3.536 

1.881 

11.94 

5-563 

•294 

16.544 

16.94 

6.091 

4-867 

3-481 

1.866 

13.70 

5-563 

•3125 

17.523 

17-83 

6.409 

5.155 

3.458 

i.  860 

14.42 

5-563 

-352 

19.590 

19.65 

7.064 

5.763 

3.410 

1.847 

15-89 

6.000 

.148 

9-250 

11.65 

3-885 

2.721 

4.283 

2.070 

8.741 

6.000 

.15625 

9-751 

12.25 

4-085 

2.869 

4.272 

2.067 

9.190 

6.000 

.180 

11.188 

13-95 

4.649 

3.291 

4.238 

2.059 

10.46 

!     6.000 

.1875 

11.639 

14.47 

4-825 

3-424 

4.228 

2.056 

10.86 

6.000 

.203 

12.568 

15-55 

5.183 

3-697 

4.206 

2.051 

11.66 

6.000 

-21875 

13-506 

16.62 

5-541 

3-973 

4.184 

2.045 

12.47 

6.000 

.220 

13-580 

16.71 

5-569 

3-995 

4.182 

2.045 

12-53 

This  information  supplements   that   on  pages  60  to  62 


612                                  Properties  of  Pipe 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

foot  pounds       /         27000         I        9       / 

Strength  factor  Q  —                         —      X                 X       —  
1000             y           1000         12      2  O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment of 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

7 

//y 

A 

R*-I/A 

R 

Q 

6.000 

.238 

14.646 

17.91 

5-970 

4.308 

4-157 

2.039 

13.43 

6.000 

.250 

15-352 

18.70 

6.233 

4.516 

4.141 

2.035 

14.02 

6.000 

.259 

15.880 

19.28 

6.428 

4.671 

4.128 

2.032 

14.46 

6.625 

.180 

12.390 

18.94 

5-717 

3-645 

5.196 

2.280 

12.86 

6.625 

•  1875 

12.891 

19.66 

5-935 

3.792 

5-185 

2.277 

13.35 

6.625 

.203 

13-923 

21.13 

6.380 

4.096 

5.160 

2.272 

14.36 

6.625 

.21875 

14.966 

22.61 

6.826 

4-403 

5-136 

2.266 

15-36 

6.625 

.220 

15.049 

22.73 

6.861 

4.427 

5.134 

2.266 

15-44 

6.625 

.238 

16.234 

24-39 

7-362 

4.776 

5.106 

2.260 

16.56 

6.625 

.250 

17.021 

25-47 

7.690 

5.007 

5.088 

2.256 

17.30 

6.625 

.259 

17.609 

26.28 

7-935 

5.180 

5.074 

2.253 

17-85 

6.625 

.28125 

19-055 

28.25 

8.529 

5-605 

5-040 

2.245 

19.19 

6.625 

.284 

19-233 

28.49 

8.601 

5-658 

5-036 

2.244 

19-35 

6.625 

.292 

19-750 

29.19 

8.8n 

5.810 

5.024 

2.241 

19.83 

6.625 

.3125 

21.068 

30.94 

9-342 

6.197 

4-993 

2-235 

21.02 

6.625 

•340 

22.822 

33.24 

10.04 

6.713 

4-952 

2.225 

22.58 

6.625 

•352 

23.582 

34-23 

10.33 

6-937 

4-934 

2.221 

23.25 

6.625 

•356 

23-835 

34-55 

10.43 

7.011 

4.928 

2.220 

23-47 

7.000 

.15625 

11.420 

19.68 

5-622 

3-359 

5-858 

2.42O 

12.65 

7.000 

.ISO 

13.110 

22.44 

6.411 

3.857 

5.8i8 

2.412 

14.42 

7.000 

.1875 

13-642 

23-30 

6.656 

4.013 

5.806 

2.409 

I4.98 

7.000 

.203 

14-736 

25.06 

7-159 

4-335 

5.78o 

2.404 

i6.n 

7.000 

.21875 

15-842 

26.82 

7.662 

4.660 

5-754 

2-399 

17.24 

7.000 

.220 

15.930 

26.95 

7.701 

4.686 

5.752 

2.398 

17-33 

7.000 

.238 

17.188 

28.93 

8.267 

5-056 

5.723 

2.392 

18.60 

7.000 

.250 

18.022 

30.23 

8.639 

5.301 

5.703 

2.388 

19.44 

7.000 

.259 

18.646 

31.20 

8.915 

5.485 

5-689 

2-385 

20.06 

7.000 

.28125 

20.181 

33.56 

9-588 

5-937 

5-653 

2.378 

21-57 

7.000 

.284 

20.370 

33.84 

9.670 

5-992 

5-648 

2-377 

21.76 

7.000 

.300 

21.467 

35-50 

10.14 

6.315 

5-623 

2.371 

22.82 

7.000 

.3125 

22.319 

36.78 

10.51 

6.565 

5-603 

2.367 

23-65 

7.000 

.423 

29.712 

47-45 

13.56 

8.740 

5.429 

2.330 

30.51 

7.625 

•1875 

14.893 

30.31 

7-951 

4.381 

6.919 

2.630 

17.89 

7.625 

.203 

16.091 

32.62 

8.555 

4-733 

6.891 

2.625 

19.25 

7.625 

.21875 

17-303 

34-93 

9.162 

5.090 

6.863 

2.620 

20.61 

7-625 

.220 

17-399 

35.11 

9.209 

5.118 

6.860 

2.619 

20.72 

7.625 

.238 

18.776 

37.71 

9.892 

5.523 

6.828 

2.613 

22.26 

7.625 

.250 

19.691 

39-43 

10.34 

5-792 

6.807 

2.609 

23.27 

7.625 

•259 

20.375 

40.70 

10.68 

5-994 

6.791 

2.606 

24.02 

7.625 

.28125 

22.059 

43-81 

11.49 

6.489 

6.751 

2.598 

25.85 

,       •                   :.-       _...-- 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  62  and  63 


Properties  of  Pipe                                   613 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

foot  pounds       /         27000          I        9      1 

Strength  factor  Q  —         •  —      X               '  X  '     — 
1000            0>0i     1000          12       2  O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment of 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

I 

i/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

7.625 

.284 

22.266 

44.19 

11.59 

6-550 

6.746 

2-597 

26.08 

8.000 

.180 

15-033 

33-82 

8-455 

4.422 

7.648 

2.766 

19.02 

8.000 

•1875 

15.644 

35-13 

8.783 

4.602 

7-634 

2.763 

19.76 

8.000 

.203 

16.904 

37.8i 

9-453 

4.972 

7.604 

2.758 

21.27 

8.000 

.21875 

18.179 

40-50 

10.13 

5-347 

7-574 

2.752 

22.78 

8.000 

.220 

18.280 

40.72 

10.18 

5-377 

7-572 

2.752 

22.90 

8.000 

.238 

19.730 

43-75 

10.94 

5-804 

7.538 

2.746 

24.61 

8.000 

.250 

20.692 

45-75 

11.44 

6.087 

7.5i6 

2.741 

25-73 

8.000 

•  259 

21.412 

47-23 

11.81 

6.299 

7-499 

2.738 

26.57 

8.000 

.28125 

23-185 

50.86 

12.71 

6.820 

7-457 

2.731 

28.61 

8.000 

.284 

23-403 

51-30 

12.83 

6.884 

7-452 

2.730 

28.86 

8.000 

•300 

24.671 

53.87 

13-47 

7-257 

7.423 

2.724 

30.30 

8.000 

•3125 

25.657 

55.84 

13.96 

7-547 

7-399 

2.720 

31-41 

8.625 

.203 

18.259 

47.65 

11.05 

5-371 

8.871 

2.978 

24.86 

8.625 

.21875 

19.639 

51.06 

II  84 

5-777 

8.839 

2-973 

26.64 

8.625 

.220 

19.748 

51.33 

11.90 

5-809 

8.837 

2-973 

26.78 

8.625 

.238 

21.318 

SS.iS 

12.80 

6.271 

8.800 

2.966 

28.79 

8.625 

.250 

22.361 

57-72 

13.38 

6.578 

8-775 

2.962 

30.12 

8.625 

•259 

23.141 

59-61 

13-82 

6.807 

8-757 

2-959 

31-10 

8.625 

.28125 

25.062 

64.23 

14.89 

7-372 

8.712 

2-952 

33-51 

8.625 

.284 

25-299 

64.79 

15-02 

7-442 

8.707 

2.951 

33-Si 

8.625 

•300 

26.673 

68.06 

15.78 

7.846 

8.674 

2-945 

35-51 

8.625 

•3125 

27-743 

70.59 

16.37 

8.161 

8.649 

2.941 

36.83 

8.625 

•340 

30.084 

76.06 

17.64 

8.850 

8-595 

2.932 

39-68 

8.625 

•34375 

30.402 

76.80 

17.81 

8-943 

8.587 

2.930 

40.07 

8.625 

•375 

33-041 

82.86 

19.21 

9.719 

8.525 

2.920 

43-23 

8.625 

.40625 

35-659 

88.78 

20.59 

10.49 

8.464 

2.909 

46-32 

8.625 

•4375 

38.256 

94.56 

21.93 

11-25 

8.403 

2.899 

49-34 

9.000 

•  1875 

17.647 

50.41 

11.20 

5.I9I 

9.712 

3.116 

J       -i-LC^ 
25-21 

9.000 

.203 

19.072 

54-30 

I2.O7 

5-6io 

9.679 

3.111 

27.15 

9.000 

.21875 

20.515 

58.20 

12.93 

6.035 

9.645 

3-io6 

29.10 

9.000 

.220 

20.629 

58.51 

13.00 

6.068 

9.642 

3-105 

29.26 

9.000 

•  238 

22.271 

62.92 

13.98 

6-551 

9.604 

3-099 

31.46 

9.000 

•259 

24.179 

67.99 

15-11 

7.112 

9-559 

3.092 

33-99 

9.000 

.28125 

26.189 

73-28 

16.28 

7.704 

9-512 

3-084 

36.64 

9.000 

.284 

26.437 

73-92 

16.43 

7-777 

9.506 

3-083 

36.96 

9.000 

•300 

27-875 

77.67 

17.26 

8.200 

9-473 

3-078 

38-84 

9.625 

.180  . 

18.157      59-58 

12.38 

5-341 

ii.  16 

3-340 

27.86 

9.625 

.1875        18.898      61.92 

12.87 

5-559 

11.14 

3-337 

28.95 

9.625     .203         20.427      66.71 

1386 

6.009 

II.  10 

3-332 

3I.I9 

. 

1 

This  information  supplements  that  on  page  63 


614                                 Properties  of  Pipe 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

foot  pounds       /        27000         i       9      / 

^trencth  factor  0  ~~  -  -                             X                X 

1000             y           1000        12      2  O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment of 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

I 

1,'y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

9-625 

.21875 

21-975 

71-53 

14.86 

6.464 

1.07 

3-327 

33-44 

9.625 

.220 

22.098 

71.91 

14.94 

6.500 

i.  06 

3-326 

33.62 

9-625 

.238 

23.860 

77.36 

16.07 

7.019 

i.  02 

3-320 

36.17 

9-625 

-250 

25.031 

80.95 

16.82 

7-363 

0-99 

3-316 

37.85 

9-625 

•  259 

25.907 

83.63 

17.38 

7.621 

0.97 

3-313 

39.10 

9-625 

.28125 

28.066 

90.18 

18.74 

8.256 

0.92 

3-305 

42.16 

9.625 

.284 

28.332 

90.98 

18.91 

8-334 

O.Q2 

3-304 

42.54 

9-625 

.300 

29-877 

95.63 

19.87 

8.789 

0.88 

3-299 

44.71 

9-625 

•3125 

31.080 

99.22 

20.62 

9-143 

0.85 

3-294 

46.39 

9-625 

•340 

33.7i6 

107.0 

22.24 

9.918 

0.79 

3-285 

50.04 

9-625 

.625 

60.075 

179-8 

37.36 

17.67 

0.17 

3.190 

84.06 

9-625 

•750 

71.089 

207.4 

43-09 

20.91 

9.916 

3-149 

96.95 

9.625 

-875 

81.769 

232.5 

48.31 

24.05 

9.666 

3.109 

108.7 

9-625 

1.  000 

92.116 

255-4 

53-06 

27.10 

9.424 

3-070 

119.4 

10.000 

.180 

18.878 

66.96 

13-39 

5-553 

12.06 

3-472 

30.13 

IO.OOO 

.1875 

19.649 

69-59 

13.92 

5.780 

12.04 

3-470 

31-32 

IO.OOO 

.21875 

22.851 

80.43 

16.09 

6.722 

11.97 

3459 

36.19 

10.000 

.220 

22.979 

80.86 

16.17 

6-759 

11.96 

3-459 

36.39 

10.000 

.238 

24-813 

87.00 

17.40 

7.299 

11.92 

3-452 

39-15 

IO.OOO 

.250 

26.032 

91.05 

18.21 

7.658 

11.89 

3-448 

40.97 

IO.OOO 

.259 

26.945 

94-08 

18.82 

7.926 

11.87 

3-445 

42.33 

IO.OOO 

.28125 

29.193 

101.5 

20.29 

8-587 

11.82 

3.438 

45-66 

IO.OOO 

.284 

29.470 

102.4 

20.48 

8.669 

11.81 

3-437 

46.07 

IO.OOO 

.300 

31-079 

107.6 

21.52 

9.142 

11.77 

3-431 

48.43 

10.000 

.3125 

32.332 

in.  7 

22.34 

9-5II 

11.74 

3.427 

50.26 

IO.OOO 

.340 

35-077 

120.5 

24.10 

10.32 

11.68 

3-4I7 

54-23 

10.750 

.203 

22.866 

93.56 

17.41 

6.726 

13-91 

3-730 

39-17 

10.750 

.21875 

24.604 

100.4 

18.67 

7-237 

13-87 

3724 

42.02 

10.750 

.220 

24.741 

100.9 

18.77 

7-278 

13-87 

3.724 

42.24 

10.750 

.238 

26.720 

1  08.  6 

2O.2I 

7.860 

13.82 

3.7i8 

45-47 

10.750 

.250 

28.035 

H3.7 

21.  l6 

8.247 

13-79 

3-713 

47.60 

10.750 

.259 

29.019 

H7.S 

21.86 

8.536 

13.77 

3.710 

49.19 

10.750 

.28125 

31-445 

126.8 

23.59 

9-250 

15.71 

3.703 

53.o8 

10.750 

.284 

31-745 

127.9 

23.80 

9.338 

13.70 

3-702 

53.56 

10.750 

.300 

33-482 

134.6 

25.03 

9.849 

13.66 

3-696 

56.32 

10.750 

.625 

67-585 

255.7 

47.58 

19.88 

12.86 

3.587 

107.0 

10.750 

.750 

80.101 

296.2 

55.10 

23-56 

12-57 

3-545 

124.0 

10.750 

.875 

92.283 

333-5 

62.04 

27.15 

12.29 

3-505 

139-6 

10.750 

I.OOO 

104.131 

367.8 

68.43 

30.63 

12.01 

3-465 

154.0 

!   n.ooo 

.203 

23.408 

100.4 

18.25 

6.886 

I4.58 

3.818 

41.06 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  63  and  6J/ 


Properties  of  Pipe                                   615 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

foot  pounds       /         27000         I        9       / 

Strength  factor  Q  =  —  -               —  =  —  X-              X  —  =  

1000              y           1000         12      2   O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment of 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

7 

l/y 

A 

R*=l/A 

R 

Q 

II.OOO 

.21875 

25.188 

107.7 

19.58 

7.409 

14.54 

3-813 

44-06 

II.OOO 

.238 

27-355 

116.6 

21.19 

8.047 

14.48 

3-806 

47.68 

II.OOO 

.250 

28.702 

122.0 

22.19 

8.443 

14-45 

3.802 

49-92 

II.OOO 

•  259 

29.711 

I26.I 

22.93 

8.740 

14-43 

3-799 

51-59 

II.OOO 

.28125 

32.196 

I36.I 

24-75 

9.471 

14.37 

3-791 

55-68 

II.OOO 

.284 

32.503 

137-3 

24.97 

9.561 

14.36 

3-790 

56.18 

1  1  .000 

.300 

34-283 

144.4 

26.26 

1  0.08 

14-32 

3-785 

59-09 

II.OOO 

•3125 

35-670 

149.9 

27.26 

10.49 

14.29 

3.780 

61.34 

II.OOO 

•340 

38.709 

l6l.9 

29.44 

II-39 

14.22 

3-771 

66.23 

11.750 

.203 

25-034 

122.8 

20.90 

7-364 

16.67 

4-083 

47.02 

11.750 

.21875 

26.940 

I3I-8 

22.43 

7-925 

16.63 

4.078 

50.46 

11.750 

.220 

27.091 

132.5 

22.55 

7.969 

16.62 

4.077 

50.73 

11.750 

.238 

29.262 

142.7 

24.28 

8.608 

16.57 

4.071 

54.63 

11.750. 

.250 

30.705 

149.4 

25-43 

9-032 

16.54 

4.067 

57.21 

11.750 

•  259 

31-785 

154-4 

26.28 

9-350 

16.51 

4.064 

59-13 

11.750 

.28125 

34-449 

166.7 

28.38 

10.13 

16.45 

4.056 

63-85 

11.750 

.284 

34-778 

168.2 

28.63 

10.23 

16.44 

4-055 

64-43 

11.750 

.300 

36.686 

177.0 

30.12 

10.79 

16.40 

4.050 

67-78 

11.750 

•3125 

38.173 

183.7 

31-28 

11.23 

16.36 

4-045 

70-37 

11.750 

•340 

41.432 

198.5 

33-79 

12.19 

16.29 

4-036 

76.02 

11.750 

•34375 

4I.875 

200.5 

34-13 

12.32 

16.28 

4-035 

76.79 

11.750 

.625 

74.260 

339-0 

57-70 

21.84 

15-52 

3-939 

129.8 

11.750 

•  750 

88.ni 

393-8 

67.04 

25-92 

15.20 

3-898 

150.8 

11.750 

•875 

101.628 

444.8 

75-71 

29.89 

14.88 

3.857 

170.3 

i  11.750 

I.OOO 

114.811 

492.1 

83-76 

33-77 

14-57 

3817 

188.5 

:   12.000 

.203 

25-576 

130.9 

21.82 

7.523 

17.40 

4.171 

49.09 

12.000 

.21875 

27-524 

140.5 

23.42 

8.096 

17.36 

4.166 

52.69 

I2.OOO 

.220 

27.678 

I4i  3 

23-55 

8.142 

17-35 

4.166 

52.98 

I2.OOO 

.238 

29.897 

152.1 

25.36 

8.794 

17.30 

4-159 

57-05 

12.000 

.2485 

31.188 

158.4 

26.41 

9.174 

17.27 

4.156 

59-41 

I2.OOO 

.250 

3L372 

IS9.3 

26.56 

9.228 

17.27 

4-155 

59.75 

I2.OOO 

•259 

32.477 

164.7 

27.45 

9-553 

17.24 

4.152 

61.76 

12.000 

.2715 

34.008 

172.1 

28.68 

10.00 

17.20 

4.148 

64-54 

I2.OOO 

.28125 

35.200 

177-8 

29.64 

0-35 

17.18 

4.144 

66.69 

I2.OOO 

.284 

35.536 

179-5 

29.91 

0-45 

17.17 

4-143 

67.30 

I2.OOO 

.292 

36.512 

184.1 

30.69 

0.74 

17.15 

4.141 

69.05 

I2.OOO 

•300 

37487 

188.8 

31-47 

1.03 

17.12 

4.138 

70.80 

I2.0OO 

.3125 

39-007 

196.1 

32.68 

1.47 

17.09 

4-134 

73-52 

I2.OOO 

•320 

39.9i8 

200.4 

33-40 

1.74 

17.07 

4.I3I 

75-14 

I2.OOO 

•340 

42.340      211.  8 

35.31 

2-45 

17.01 

4.124 

79-44 

This  information  supplements  that  on  page 


616                                   Properties  of  Pipe 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

Strength  fac 

foot  pounds       /        27000         I        9       / 

1000             y         1000         12       2O 
y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

.  D. 

Strength 
factor 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment of 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

O.  D. 

/ 

i/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

I2.OOO 
12.750 
12.750 
12.750 

•34375 
.203 
-21875 

.220 

42-793 
27.202 
29.276 
29.440 

214.0 
,157-5 
169.1 
170.0 

35-66 
24.71 
26.52 
26.67 

12.59 

8.002 

8.612 
8.660 

17.00 
19.68 
19.64 
19.63 

4.123 
4-437 
4.431 
4-431 

80.24 
55-59 
59-68 
60.00 

12-750 
12.750 
12.750 
12.750 

.238 
.250 

•259 
.28125 

31-803 
33-375 
34-552 
37-453 

183.1 
191.8 
198.3 
214.2 

28.73 
30.09 
31.11 
33.6o 

9-355 
9.817 
10.16 

II.O2 

19.58 
19-54 
I9-5I 
19.44 

4.424 
4.420 
4.417 
4.409 

64.64 
67.70 
69-99 
75.60 

12.750 
12.750 
12.750 
12.750 

.284 
.300 
-3125 
•340 

37.Sn 
39.890 
41-510 
45-063 

216.2 
227.5 
236.3 
255-4 

33-91 
35-68 
37-06 
40.06 

II.  12 

11-73 

12.21 
13.26 

19.44 
19-39 
19-35 
19.27 

4.409 
4-403 
4-399 
4.389 

76.29 
80.29 
83-38 
90.13 

12.750 
12.750 
12.750 
12.750 

•34375 
.625 
•750 
.875 

45-547 
80.935 
96.121 
110.973 

258.0 
438.7 
510.9 
578.5 

40.46 
68.81 
80.15 
90-75 

13.40 
23.81 
28.27 
32.64 

19.25 

18.43 
18.07 
17.72 

4-388 
4293 
4.251 
4.210 

91.05 

154.8 
180.3 
204.2 

12.750 
13.000 
13.000 
13.000 

I.OOO 

.203 

.21875 

.220 

125.491 
27-744 
29.860 
30.028 

641.7 
167.1 
179-4 
180.4 

100.7 
25.71 
27.60 
27-75 

36.91 

8.161 
8.784 
8.833 

17-38 
20.48 
20.43 
20.42 

4.169 
4.525 
4-520 
4.519 

226.5 
57-84 
62.10 
62.44 

13.000 
13.000 
13.000 
I3.OOO 

.250 
.28125 

.284 
.300 

34-043 
38-204 
38.569 
40.691 

203.6 
227.4 
229.4 
241.5 

31-32 
34.98 
35-30 
37-15 

IO.OI 

11.24 
H-35 
11.97 

20.33 
20.23 
20.22 
20.17 

4-509 
4.498 
4-497 
4.491 

70.46 
78.70 
79-42 
83-58 

13.000 
13.000 
I3.0OO 
13.000 

.3125 
.340 

•34375 
•390 

42-345 
45-971 
46.464 
52.523 

250.8 
271.1 
273-9 
307.4 

38.58 
41.71 
42.13 
47.29 

12.46 
13-52 
13.67 
15-45 

20.13 
20.05 
20.04 
19.90 

4.487 
4.478 
4.476 
4.460 

86.81 
93.85 
94.80 
106.4 

I4.OOO 
I4.OOO 
I4.OOO 
I4.0OO 

.21875 

.220 
.238 
-259 

32.196 
32-377 
34.981 
38.009 

224.9 
226.1 
243-7 
264.0 

32  13 
32.30 
34-81 
37-71 

9.471 
9.524 
10.29 
ii.  18 

23-75 
23-74 
23-68 
23.61 

4.873 
4.873 
4.866 
4.859 

72.29 
72.68 
78.32 
84.85 

I4.OOO 
14.000 
14.000 
14.000 

.28125 
.284 
-300 
.3125 

41.208 
41.602 
43.895 
45.682 

285.3 
287.9 
303.1 
314-9 

40.75 
41-13 
43-30 
44.98 

12.12 
12.24 
12.91 
13-44 

23.54 
23-53 
23.47 
23-43 

4.851 

4-850 
4.845 
4.841 

91.70 
92-54 
97.42 

IOI.2 

I4.OOO 
I4.OOO 
I4.OOO 
I4.OOO 

•340 

•34375 
.40625 
•4375 

49.602 
50.136 
58.980 
63-371 

340.5 
344-0 
401.1 
429.1 

48.65 
49-14 
57-30 
61.29 

14-59 

14-75 

17-35 
18.64 

23-34 
23-33 
23.12 
23.02 

4-831 
4-830 
4.808 
4.798 

109.5- 

110.6 
128.9 
137-9 

' 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  64  and  65 


Properties  of  Pipe                                   617 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

foot  pounds       I         27000         I        9       / 

°trcnsth  factor  0  —                         —      X                 X       — 

1000              y          1000        12       2  O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

f>.mb&% 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment oi 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.  D. 

7 

i/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

14.000 

.46875 

67.741 

456.6 

65-23 

19-93 

22.91 

4.787 

146.8 

14.000 

•  5625 

80.726 

536.9 

76.70 

23-75 

22.61 

4-755 

172.6 

14.000 

.625 

89.279 

588.5 

84.08 

26.26 

22.41 

4-734 

189.2 

14.000 

.6875 

97.748 

638.7 

91.24 

28.75 

22.21 

4.7I3 

205.3 

14.000 

•  750 

106.134 

687-3 

98.19 

31.22 

22.02 

4.692 

220.9 

14.000 

.875 

122.654 

780.4 

111.5 

36.08 

21.63 

4.651 

250.8 

14.000 

1.  000 

138.842 

867.9 

124.0 

40.84 

21.25 

4.610 

279.0 

14.000 

1.125 

154.095 

950.1 

135-7 

45.50 

20.88 

4-569 

305-4 

15.000 

.238 

37-523 

300.7 

40.10 

11.04 

27.25 

5.220 

90.22 

15.000 

.250 

39-383 

315-1 

42.02 

11.58 

27.20 

5-2i6 

94-54 

15.000 

.28125 

44.212 

352.3 

46.97 

13-01 

27.09 

5.205 

105.7 

15.000 

.284 

44.636 

355-6 

47.41 

13.13 

27.08 

5.204 

106.7 

15.000  • 

.300 

47.099 

374.4 

49-92 

13-85 

27.02 

5.198 

112.3 

15.000 

•3125 

49.020 

389-0 

51-87 

14.42 

26.98 

5-194 

116.7 

15.000 

•340 

53-234 

420.9 

56.12 

15-66 

26.88 

5.184 

126.3 

15.000 

•34375 

53-807 

425-2 

56.70 

15.83 

26.87 

5-183 

127.6 

15.000 

.40625 

63-319 

496.2 

66.17 

18.63 

26.64 

5.162 

148.9 

15.000 

•4375 

68.044 

53I-I 

70.81 

20.02 

26.53 

5-I5I 

159-3 

15.000 

.46875 

72.748 

565-4 

75-39 

21.40 

26.42 

5.140 

169.6 

15.000 

•5625 

86.734 

665.8 

88.77 

25  5i 

26.09 

5.108 

199.7 

15.000 

.625 

95-954 

730-4 

97.39 

28.23 

25-88 

5.087 

219.1 

15.000 

.6875 

105.091 

793-4 

05.8 

30.91 

25-67 

5.066 

238.0 

15.000 

•750 

114.144 

854-6 

13-9 

33-58 

25-45 

5.045 

256.4 

15.000 

.875 

132.000 

972.1 

29.6 

38.83 

25-04 

5.004 

291.6 

15.000 

i  .000 

149-522 

1083. 

44-4 

43.98 

24.63 

4.962 

3249 

15.000 

1.125 

166.710 

1188. 

58.4 

49-04 

24.22 

4.922 

356.4 

16.000 

.238 

40.065 

366.1 

45.76 

11.79 

31.06 

5-573 

103.0 

16.000 

.250 

42.053 

383-7 

47.96 

12.37 

31.02 

5.569 

107.9 

16.000 

•259 

43-542 

396.8 

49.60 

12.81 

30.98 

5.566 

1  1  1.  6 

16.000 

.28125 

47-215 

429.1 

53.64 

13.89 

30.89 

5.558 

120.7 

16.000 

.284 

47.669 

433-1 

54-13 

14.02 

30.88 

5-557 

121.  8 

16.000 

.300 

50.303 

4S6.I 

57-01 

14.80 

30.82 

5-552 

128.3 

16.000 

•3125 

52-357 

474-0 

59-25 

15.40 

30.77 

5-547 

133-3 

16.000 

•340 

56.865 

513-0 

64.13 

16.73 

30.67 

5.538 

144-3 

16.000 

•34375 

57.478 

5i8.3 

64.79 

16.91 

30.65 

5-537 

145.8 

16.000 

.40625 

67.658 

605.3 

75-67 

19.90 

30.42 

5.515 

170.3 

16.000 

•4375 

72.716 

648.1 

81.01 

21-39 

30.30 

5.504 

182.3 

16.000 

.46875 

77-754 

690.3 

86.28 

22.87 

30.18 

5-494 

194.1 

16.000 

•  5625 

92.742 

8i3.7 

101.7 

27.28 

29.83 

5-462 

228.9 

16.000 

.625 

102.629 

893.5 

111.7 

30.19 

29.60 

5.440 

251-3 

.     .    ,  r    -.....-  —  --                          ; 

This  information  supplements  that  on  page  65 


618                                    Properties  of  Pipe 

Properties  of  Pipe     (Continued) 

foot  pounds 
Strength  factor  Q  =  —              —  = 
1000 

/       27000 

\/                        vy 

I        9 
12       2C 

I 

y         1000 

).  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment o 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra 
tion 
squarec 

u 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor    ; 

O.D. 

/ 

i/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

16.000 
16.000 
16.000 
16.000 

-6875 
-750 
-875 
c.ooo 

112-433 
122.154 
141.345 
160.202 

971-3 
1047. 
ri93- 
1331. 

121.4 
130.9 
149.1 
166.4 

33-07 
35-93 
41.58 
47.12 

29-37 
29-14 
28.69 
28.25 

5-419 
5.398 
5-356 
5.315 

273.2 
294-5 
335-5 
374-4 

16.000 
17.000 
17.000 
17.000 

C.I2S 

.250 
•259 
.28125 

178.725 
44-723 
46.308 
50.219 

1462. 
461.5 
477-3 
5i6.3 

182.8 
54-29 
56.16 
60.74 

52-57 
13-16 
13-62 
14-77 

27.82 
35.08 
35-04 
34-95 

5-274 
5-923 
5-920 
5-QI2 

411.3 

122.2 
126.3 
136.7 

17.000 
17.000 
17.000 
17.000 

.284 
.300 
•3125 
•340 

50.702 
53-507 
55-695 
60.496 

521.1 

548.9 
570-5 
617.7 

61.30 
64-57 
67.11 
72.67 

14.91 

15-74 
16.38 
17.80 

34-94 
34.87 
34-82 
34-71 

5-9H 
5-905 
5.901 
5.891 

137-9 
145-3 
I5I.O 
163.5 

17.000 
17.000 
17.000 
17.000 

•34375 
-375 
.40625 
•4375 

61.150 
66.584 
71.997 
77-389 

624.0 
677.0 
729.4 
781.1 

73-42 
79-65 
85.81 
91.90 

17.99 

19-59 
21.  18 
22.76 

34.69 
34.57 
34-44 
34-31 

5.890 
5.879 
5-869 
5.858 

165.2 
179.2 
I93-I 
206.8 

17.000 
17.000 
17.000 
17.000 

.46875 
.500 
-5625 
-625 

82.760 
88.ni 
98.749 
109.304 

832.3 
882.8 
982.2 
1079. 

97.91 
103.9 
115.6 
127.0 

24-34 
25-92 
29-05 
32.15 

34-19 
34.o6 
33-8i 
33-57 

5-847 
5-836 
5-815 
5-794 

220.3 
233-7 
260.0 
285.7 

17.000 
17.000 
17.000 
17.000 

.6875 
.750 
-875 

I.OOO 

119.776 
130.164 
150.690 
170.882 

1174. 
1267. 
1445- 
1615. 

138.1 
149-0 
170.0 
190.0 

35-23 
38.29 
44-33 
50.27 

33-32 
33-o8 
32.60 
32.13 

5-772 

5-751 
5-709 
5.668 

310.8 
335-3 
382.5 
427.4 

17.000 
18.000 
18.000 
18.000 

1.  125 
.250 

.259 
.28125 

190.740 
47-393 
49.074 
53-223 

1776. 
549.1 
568.0 
614.6 

209.0 
61.02 
63.12 
68.28 

56.11 

13-94 
14.44 
15.66 

31-66 
39.39 
39-35 
39.25 

5^627 
6.276 
6.273 
6.265 

470.2 
137.3 
142.0 
IS3-6 

18.000 
18.000 
18.000 
18.000 

.284 
.300 
-3125 
•340 

53-735 
56.711 
59.032 
64.127 

620.3 
653.5 
679.3 
735-7 

68.92 
72.61 

75-47 
81.74 

15.81 
16.68 
17.36 
18.86 

39-24 
39.17 
39-12 
39-00 

6.264 
6.259 
6.254 
6.245 

iSS.i 
163.4 
169-8 
183.9 

18.000 
18.000 
18.000 
18.000 

-34375 
-375 
.40625 
•4375 

64.821 
70.589 
76.336 
82.061 

743-3 
806.6 
869.3 
931-3 

82.59 
89-63 
96.59 
103-5 

19.07 
20.76 
22.45 
24.14 

38.98 
38.85 
38.71 
38.58 

6.244 
6.233 

6.222 
6.  211 

185.8 
201.7 
217-3 
232.8 

18.000 
18.000 
18.000 
18.000 

.46875 
•5625 
.625 
-6875 

87.767 
04-757 
15-979 
27.118 

992.5 
1172. 
1289. 
1403. 

110.3 
130.1 
143-2 
155-9 

25.82 
30.81 
34-12 
37-39 

38.45 
38.05 
37-79 
37-52 

6.200 

6.168 
6.147 
6.126 

248.1 
293.1 
322.3 
350.8 

This  information  supplements  that  on  page  65 

Properties  of  Pipe                                   619 

Properties  of  Pipe  ^(Continued) 

foot  pounds       7         27000         I        9       / 

Strength  factor  Q  =  —                   =  —  X             —  X  —  =  

1000             y         1000          12      2  O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment oi 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squared 

Radius 
of  gyra 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

I 

l/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

18.000 

•750 

138.174 

1515- 

168.3 

40.64 

37.27 

6.105 

378.7 

18.000 

.875 

160.035 

1730. 

192.2 

47.07 

36.75 

6.062 

432.5 

18.000 

I.OOO 

181.562 

1936. 

215.1 

53-41 

36.25 

6.021 

484.0 

18.000 

1.125 

202.756 

2132. 

236.9 

59.64 

35-75 

5.979 

533-1 

'    19.000 

.28125 

56.227 

724-6 

76.27 

16.54 

43-8i 

6.619 

171.6 

19.000 

.284 

56.768 

731-3 

76.98 

16.70 

43-So 

6.618 

173-2 

19.000 

.300 

59-9I5 

770.6 

8i.ii 

17.62 

43-72 

6.612 

182.5 

19.000 

•3125 

62.370 

801.1 

84-33 

18.35 

43-67 

6.608 

189.7 

19.000 

.340 

67-759 

867.8 

91-35 

19-93 

43-54 

6.598 

205.5 

19.000 

•34375 

68.492 

876.8 

92.30 

20.15 

43-52 

6-597 

207.7 

19.000 

•375 

74-594 

951-8 

O0.2 

21.94 

43.38 

6.586 

225.4 

19.000 

.40625 

80.674 

1026. 

08.0 

23-73 

43.24 

6-575 

243.0 

19.000 

^4375 

86.734 

1099. 

15-7 

25-51 

43-09 

6.565 

260.4 

19.000 

.46875 

92.773 

1172. 

23-4 

27.29 

42.95 

6-554 

277-6 

19.000 

.500 

98.791 

1244. 

31.0 

29.06 

42.81 

6-543 

294.7 

20.000 

.28125 

59-231 

847.0 

84.70 

17.42 

48.61 

6.972 

190.6 

2O.OOO 

.284 

59-8oi 

854.9 

85.49 

17-59 

48.60 

6.971 

192.4 

20.000 

.300 

63.119 

900.9 

90.09 

18.57 

48.52 

6.966 

202.7 

20.OOO 

.3125 

65.708 

936.7 

93-67 

19-33 

48.46 

6.961 

210.8      i 

20.00O 

•340 

71.390 

1015. 

IOI.5 

2I.OO 

48.33 

6.952 

228.4 

2O.OOO 

•34375 

72.164 

1026. 

102.6 

21.23 

48.31 

6.951 

230.7 

20.OOO 

•4375 

91.407 

1287. 

128.7 

26.89 

47.86 

6.918 

289.5 

20.000 

.500 

104.131 

1457- 

145.7 

30.63 

47-56 

6.897 

327.8 

20.OOO 

•5625 

116.772 

1624. 

162.4 

34-35 

47.27 

6.875 

365-3 

2O.OOO 

•625 

129.330 

1787- 

178.7 

38.04 

46.97 

6.854 

402.1 

20.000 

.6875 

141.804 

1947. 

194.7 

41.71 

46.68 

6.832 

438.1 

20.0OO 

.750 

154.194 

2104. 

210.4 

45-36 

46.39 

6.811 

473-4 

20.000 

.875 

178.725 

2409. 

240.9 

52-57 
59-69 

45-82 

A<  2  ? 

6.769 

542.0 

2O.OOO 
1.  000 

1.125 
•3125 

226.786 
69.045 

2981. 
1087. 

298.1 
103-5 

66.71 
20.31 

45-^5 
44-69 
53-51 

6.'68s 
7.315 

670.8 
232.9 

I.OOO 

•375 

82.604 

1292. 

123.1 

24.30 

53-19 

7.293 

277.0 

I.OOO 

•4375 

96.079 

1494. 

142.3 

28.26 

52.88 

7.272 

320.2 

I.OOO 

.500 

109.471 

1693- 

161.2 

32.20 

52.56 

7-250 

362.7     I 

I.OOO 

•5625 

122.780 

1887. 

179.7 

36.12 

52.25 

7.228 

404.4 

;     i.ooo 

.625 

136-005 

2078. 

197.9 

40.01 

Si-94 

7.207 

445-3 

1  .000 

.6875 

149.146 

2265. 

215.7 

43.87 

51-63 

7.186 

485-4 

1  .000 

•  750 

162.204 

2449. 

233-2 

47-71 

51-33 

7.164 

524-8 

2.OOO 

•3125 

72.383 

1252. 

113.8 

21.29 

58.81 

7.668 

256.1 

2.00O 

•340 

78.652 

1357- 

123-4 

23.14 

58.66 

7-659 

277.6 

This  information  supplement*  that  on  page  65 


620                                  Properties  of  Pipe 

Properties  0*  Pipe     (Concluded) 

foot  pounds       /         27000          I       9       / 

otrengcu  ictctor  \/  —                            —       ^  ^  —  —  
1000              y          1000          12     2   O.  D. 

y  =  distance  of  farthest  fiber  from  axis. 

Exter- 
nal 
diam- 
eter 

Thick- 
ness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Mo- 
ment ol 
inertia 

Section 
modu- 
lus 

Area  of 
metal, 
square 
inches 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 
squarec 

Radius 
of  gyra- 
tion 

Strength 
factor 

O.D. 

/ 

I/y 

A 

R*=I/A 

R 

Q 

22.000 

•34375 

70-506 

i37i. 

124.7 

23-39 

58.64 

7.658 

280.5 

22.000 

•375 

86.609 

1490. 

135-4 

25-48 

58.47 

7.647 

304.7 

22.00O 

.40625 

93.691 

1607. 

146.1 

27.56 

58.31 

7-636 

328.7 

22.000 

•4375 

100.752 

1723. 

156.6 

29.64 

58.14 

7-625 

352.5 

22.00O 

•46875 

07.792 

1838. 

167.1 

3i.7i 

57.98 

7.614 

376.0 

22.000 

•  500 

14.811 

1952. 

177-5 

33-77 

S7.8i 

7-603 

399-4 

22.000 

•5625 

28.787 

2178. 

198.0 

37-88 

57-49 

7-582 

445-4 

22.00O 

.625 

42.680 

2399- 

218.  i 

41.97 

57.i6 

7.560 

490.7 

22.0OO 

.6875 

56.489 

2616. 

237.8 

46.03 

56.84 

7-539 

535-2 

22.000 

•750 

70.215 

2830. 

257.2 

50.07 

56.52 

7-518 

578.8 

24.000 

•340 

85-915 

1769. 

147.4 

25.27 

69.99 

8.366 

331-6 

24.000 

•34375 

86.849 

1787. 

149.0 

25-55 

69-97 

8-365 

335-1 

24.000 

•375 

94.619 

1942. 

161.9 

27-83 

69-79 

8-354 

364.2 

24.000 

.40625 

102.368 

2096. 

174-7 

30.11 

69.60 

8-343 

393-0 

24.000 

•4375 

110.097 

2248. 

187.4 

32.39 

69.42 

8-332 

421.6 

24.000 

.46875 

117-805 

2399- 

200.O 

34.65 

69.24 

8.321 

449-9 

24.OOO 

.500 

125.491 

2549- 

212-4 

36.91 

69-06 

8.310 

478.0 

24.000 

•5625 

140.802 

2846. 

237.1 

41.42 

68.70 

8.289 

533-5 

24.000 

•625 

156.030 

3137. 

261.4 

45-90 

68.35 

8.267 

588.2 

24.OOO 

•6875 

171.174 

3424. 

285.3 

50-35 

67.99 

8.246 

641.9 

24.000 

•  750 

186.235 

3705. 

308.8 

54-78 

67.64 

8.224 

694  .8 

20.000 

•375 

102.629 

2478- 

190.6 

30.19 

82.10 

9.061 

429.0 

26.000 

•4375 

119.442 

2871. 

220.8 

35-13 

81.70 

9-039 

496.8 

26.000 

.500 

136.172 

3257. 

250.5 

40.06 

81.31 

9.017 

563-7 

26.OOO 

•5625 

152.818 

3638. 

279-8 

44-95 

80.92 

8.996 

629.6 

26.000 

•  625 

169.380 

4013. 

308.7 

49.82 

80.54 

8-974 

694-5 

26.000 

•6875 

185-859 

4382. 

337-1 

54.67 

80.15 

8.953 

758.4 

26.0OO 

•750 

202.255 

4746. 

365-0 

59-49 

79-77 

8-931 

821.3 

28.000 

•4375 

128.787 

3598. 

257.0 

37.88 

94-99 

9.746 

578.3 

28.OOO 

.500 

146.852 

4085. 

291.8 

43.20 

94-56 

9.724 

656.5 

28.000 

•5625 

164.833 

4565- 

326.0 

48.49 

94-14 

9.703 

733-6 

28.000 

.625 

182.730 

5038. 

359-8 

53-75 

93-72 

9.681 

809.6 

28.000 

.6875 

200.545 

5504. 

393-2 

58.99 

93.31 

9.659 

884.6 

28.OOO 

•750 

218.275 

5964- 

426.0 

64.21 

92.89 

9.638 

958-5 

3O.OOO 

•4375 

138.132 

4440. 

296.0 

40-63 

100-3 

0-45 

666.0 

30.000 

.500 

I57-532 

5042. 

336.1 

46.34 

108.8 

0.43 

756.3 

30.0OO 

•5625 

176.848 

5637. 

375-8 

52.02 

108.4 

0.41 

845.5 

30.000 

.625 

196.081 

6224. 

414.9 

57-68 

107.9 

0-39 

933-6 

30.000 

.6875        215.230 

6803. 

453-6 

63-31 

107-5 

o-37 

1021. 

30.000 

.750          234.296 

7375- 

491.7 

68.92 

107.0 

o-34 

1106. 

This  information  supplements  that  on  page  65 


Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures                         621 

Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures 

Page  68 
"NATIONAL"  Standard  Pipe—                                 PaSe  68 
Black  and  Galvanized                            "NATIONAL"  Line  Pipe 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

17  O.  D. 
18  O.  D. 
20  O.  D. 

72.602 
80.482 
89.617 

600 
600 

5oo 

iy* 

170.  D. 
i8O.  D. 
20  O.  D. 

2.300 
72.769 
80.659 
89.794 

Butt     Lap 

1200       I7OO 

M-.prX     75o 

-m  1°° 

.  .XP£     650 

££$•+> 

*  '  X&fe].  '.  '";  is  A  1.  '  '  H  &£di8  \  U  ps  et 

Page  69 
"NATIONAL"  Extra  Strong  Pipe 
—  Black  and  Galvanized 

£. 
|^j. 

Page  69 
"NATIONAL"  Double  Extra 
Strong  Pipe  —  Black  and  Galvanized 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
plain  ends 

Test  pressure 
in  pounds 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
plain  ends 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

Butt  (   Lap 

iK 

2.996 

1500     2500 

X 
H 
i 

1.714 

2.440 
3-659 

700 
700 
700 

Inladdition  to  the  above  test  the  pipe 
is  jarred  with  a  hammer  while  under 
pressure,  for  these  sizes  only. 
i  <g9rr-                       1'3-   \ 

91U2£-rin         .                                     :        ,.       .     ,      . 

-;  ^i^'l^i..*^^.,^  ,  . 
-''**''                                                                                           '.  :•*>:!-  ions,    1 
Page  71 
"NATIONAL"  California  Diamond                                 PaSe  71 
BX  Casing                               "NATIONAL"  South  Penn  Casing 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
Complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

4^ 
43A 
4K 
6H 
II 
ii 

12^ 

16.000 
12.850 
15.000 
24.000 
47.000 
60.000 
54-000 

1800 
1400 
1700 
1300 
900 
1  200 

IOOO 

6^< 
6K 

I2K 

20.000 
24.000 
45.000 

1200 

1500 

700 

8»i. 

OtI. 

OOOI 

^—  ©oei 

:;lr 

IIs 

1  T-^U^J 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  68,  69  and  71 


622                          Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures 

Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures     (Continued) 

"NATIONAL"  Standard  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues—  Lap  Welded 

External 
Diameter 
Inches 

Nominal 
Thickness 

Weight 
per  foot 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

Inches 

B.  W.  G. 

iK 

•095 

3 

1.679 

IOOO 

2    - 

•095 

3 

1.932 

IOOO 

2f£ 

•095 

3 

2.186 

IOOO 

2# 

.109 

2 

2.783 

IOOO 

2^ 

.109 

2 

3-074 

IOOO 

3 

.109 

2 

3-365 

IOOO 

3^4 

.120 

I 

4.011 

IOOO 

zY* 

.120 

I 

4-331 

IOOO 

.I2O 

I 

4-652 

IOOO 

4 

•134 

0 

5-532 

IOOO 

4J^ 

•134 

0 

6.248 

IOOO 

5 

.148 

9 

7.669 

800 

6 

.165 

8 

10.282 

800 

7 

•  l6S 

8 

12.044 

500 

.165 

8 

13-807 

500 

9 

.ISO 

7 

i6.955 

500 

10 

.203 

6                  21.240 

500 

n 

.220 

5 

25-329 

500 

12 

.229 

28.788 

500 

13 

.238 

4 

32.439 

500 

14 

.248 

36.424 

500 

3 

•259 
.270 

3 

40.775 
45-359 

500 
500 

"NATIONAL"  Locomotive  Boiler  Tubes—  Lap  Welded   - 
Open-Hearth  Steel 

External 
diameter 

Thickness 

Test 

pressure 
in  pounds 

External 
diameter 

Thickness 

Test 

pressure 
in  pounds 

iK 

-095 

IOOO 

2K 

.148 

IOOO 

i,f» 

.109 

IOOO 

2/4 

.150 

IOOO 

i  -K 

.110 

IOOO 

2  T/2 

•095 

IOOO 

1^4 

.120 

IOOO 

2>2 

.109 

IOOO 

i^ 

.125 

IOOO                          2l/2 

.110 

IOOO 

i^ 

•134 

IOOO                          2>2 

.120 

IOOO 

i^ 

•  135 

IOOO                          2l/2 

•  125 

IOOO 

iK 

.148 

IOOO 

;        2^ 

•134 

IOOO 

i^" 

.150 

IOOO 

23^ 

.135 

IOOO 

2 

•095 

IOOO 

2}4 

.148 

IOOO 

2 

.109 

IOOO 

2M 

.150 

IOOO 

2 

.110 

IOOO 

9j4 

.165 

IOOO 

2 

.120 

IOOO 

ilA 

.180 

1000 

2 

.125 

IOOO 

3 

.095 

IOOO 

2 

.134 

1000 

3 

.109 

IOOO 

2 

.135 

IOOO 

3 

.110 

IOOO 

2 

.148 

IOOO 

3 

.120 

IOOO 

2 

.150 

IOOO 

3 

.125 

IOOO 

2/^4 

.095 

IOOO 

3 

•134 

IOOO 

2/^ 

.109 

IOOO 

3 

•135 

IOOO 

2/^ 

.110 

IOOO 

3 

.148 

IOOO 

2% 

.120 

IOOO 

3 

.ISO 

IOOO 

2^ 

.125 

IOOO 

3 

.165 

IOOO 

2>i 

•134 

IOOO 

3 

.180 

IOOO 

i                2# 

•135 

IOOO 

j 

This  information  supplements  that  on  page  72 


Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures 


623 


Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures    (Concluded) 

Page  76 
"NATIONAL"  Dry  Kiln  Pipe 


Page  73 
"NATIONAL"  Air  Line  Pipe 


Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

4 

12.500 

1800 

Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

X 

1.140 

700 

This  size  is  included  in  the 
list  on  page  73,  but  the  weight 
and  dimension  data  has  been 
revised. 

- 

Page  76  page  7$ 

"NATIONAL"  Special  Upset  "NATIONAL"    California 

Rotary  Pipe  Special  External  Upset  Tubing 


In  addition  to  the  above 
test,  the  pipe  is  jarred  with  a 
hammer  while  under  pressure. 


,89sia  to  terf 


Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

3 

4^ 
6 

10.486 

J5-737 
23.566 

2000 
1600 
1500 

In  addition  to  the  Hydro- 
static Test,  all  sizes  of 
"NATIONAL"  Special  Upset 
Rotary  Pipe  are  jarred  with  a 
hammer  while  under  pressure. 

- 

Page  76 
"NATIONAL"  Tuyere  Pipe 


Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 

pressure 
in  pounds 

2 
2 

2.300 
4.000 
4-500 
6.250 

1800 
2200 
2500 

2  20O 

"NATIONAL"  Ammonia  Pipe, 
Specially  Recommended 
for  Ammonia  Purposes 

(For  weights  and  dimensions, 
see  page  597). 


Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
plain  ends 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

X 

I 

iX 

*x 

1-473 
2.171 
2.996 
3-631 

700 
700 
1500 
1500 

In  addition  to  the  above 
test,  on  sizes  %  inch  and  i 
inch,  the  pipe  is  jarred  with 
a  hammer  while  under  pressure. 

J A3   ni   89889DS 


Size 

Weight 
per  foot 
complete 

Test 
pressure 
in  pounds 

Butt  |  Lap 

* 

i 

xli 
i* 
a 

1.  137 
1.686 
2.297 
2.744 
3.706 

1500 
1500 
1500 
1500 

2000 

• 


no 

j 


./jiqvT 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  73,  76  and  68  to  76 


624 


Pipe  Joints 


PAGE  83 


c 

• 


Fig.  216 
istration  from  corrected  drawing  showing^typical  section  of 

"NATIONAL"  Dry  Kiln  Pipe  Coupling  and  Joint 
(For  list  of  sizes,  dimensions  and  weights,  see  pages  37  and  596.) 

dt  aa**!  2&CL 

PAGE  84j3qU  iif.o 


'JAWOITAK 

»e 


JAMOITAVT' 

Fig.  217 
Illustration  from  corrected  drawing  showing  typical  section  of  a 

"NATIONAL"  Matheson  Joint 
(For  list  of  sizes,  dimensions  and  weights,  see  page  42.) 


Fig.  218 

Typical  Section  of  "NATIONAL"  Ammonia  Pipe  Coupling  and  Joint 
(For  list  of  sizes,  dimensions  and  weights,  see  page  597.) 

Directions  for  Making  Tight  Joints — Before  screwing  lengths  of  pipe 
together,  see  that  threads  on  pipe  and  hi  couplings  (also  recesses  in  the 
ends  of  couplings)  are  thoroughly  cleaned  and  free  from  damage  spots. 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  83,  8Jt,  and  77  to  84 


Standard  Specifications  625 


wow 

WROUGHT  PIPE  BENJ; 

baa  Jimil  otieala  ,;*£  flJgimre  no  B^Bd.oiB  ,.DJ5  ,711  9§£q  to  aslu 

-  <y*i  'OOlrat  ,  97i>  8nr  isrfJo  iud  ,9^£hqoiqq£  teom  9ri*J  sd  vsm 

•-telFW 

poh^  ooiy  to  hot  bending,. 
9^8)  no89iO  ni  em  /ijDUiJgab  10  iriuoDDB  SVBS  sfiivi  .X  .W 

biOD9i  bnB  .(its  9gBq  ,£IQ|I  ,8  ifoifiM  ,bioo9>I  8nh93ni§n3 

;aiit*^as 
j^fe;e4i 


:T)  nobomtenoD  bjsariisvO  no  99j^irarao3  iniol  ariT 
i-H  ^o  eia  assq  ,  x  i  JoV  ,  1  1  Q  i 

:•'/  B  bnjs  9Di  io  e^9n 

STANDARD  SPECIFICATIONS 

Practically  all  the  specifications  appearing  in  the 
1913  edition  of  the  Book  of  Standards  have  been 
modified  more  or  less  and  are  now  void.  Specifica- 
tions represent  practice  or  requirements  which  con- 
stantly change  with  the  progress  of  the  art,  so  that  no 
attempt  has  been  made  in  this  appendix  to  include 
revised  specifications. 

fI9i>d   9V&ff  £  '  i   JfidJ   B9JOfl   19ttfl9c£    ,9gBq   Sis 

All  specifications  covering  products  of  National 
Tube  Company  are  printed  in  loose  leaf  form  and 
copies  of  any  or  all  of  the  latest  specifications  will  be 
sent  upon  request  to  the  General  Offices  of  National 
Tube  Company,  Frick  Building,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.V.Vr  * 

r  .1        T^-    a.    •    A    ncr 

to  any  of  the  District  Offices. 


.1  oBiimO  arlT 

,10!  bgwollB  9d  Muorfe  JSSIB  bgJo^toiq  9fU  no  Jool  9isupe  i9q  ebnuoq 
sJieoqab  wona  10!  ^9!  ad  bluoda  niaiam  slqma  iadJ 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  89  to  105,  and  119 


626  Wind  Loads.     Sleet,  Ice  and  Snow 


WIND  LOADS.     SLEET,  ICE  AND  SNOW 

The  rules  of  page  117,  etc.,  are  based  on  strength  at  elastic  limit  and 
may  be  the  most  appropriate,  but  other  rules  of  loading  are  much  ap- 
proved, as,  for  example,  the  following: 

W.  R.  King  gave  account  of  destructive  sleet  storms  in  Oregon  (see 
Engineering  Record,  March  8,  I0I3,  page  271),  and  recorded  measures 
of  thickness  of  ice  (sleet)  which  justified  the  rule  that  the  diameter  over 
the  sleet  is  closely  1.81  times  the  fourth  root  of  the  diameter  of  the  wire 
(both  diameters  in  inches). 

The  Joint  Committee  on  Overhead  Construction  (Trans.  N.  E.  L.  A., 
191 1,  Vol.  ii,  page  521),  recommended  design  on  the  basis  of  X-inch  thick- 
ness of  ice  and  a  wind  pressure  of  eight  pounds  per  square  foot  of  area. 

The  same  rule  is  recommended  by  the  American  Electric  Railway 
Association,  Proceedings  1913,  page  143. 

Fender's  Electrical  Engineer's  Handbook,  page  1688,  itates  that  the 
following  are  recommended: 

(a)  No  ice  but  15  pound  wind, 

(b)  Ice  %  inch  thick  and    8-pound  wind, 

(c)  Ice  2<  inch  thick  and  u-pound  wind. 

On  the  same  page,  Fender  notes  that  important  structures  have  been 
designed  to  stand  6-pound  wind  with  %  inch  thickness  of  ice. 

In  the  above,  the  wind  pressure  should  be  reckoned  on  an  area  equal  to 
the  diameter  (over  ice,  if  any)  by  the  length,  both  in  feet.  It  will  be 
noted  that  rule  (a)  and  the  rule  on  page  117  yield  indentical  results  when 
ice  and  surging  are  ignored. 

The  German  I.  E.  E.  state  that  wind  pressure  to  the  extent  of  20.5 
pounds  per  square  foot  on  the  projected  area  should  be  allowed  for,  and 
that  ample  margin  should  be  left  for  snow  deposits 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  116  to  118 


Wrought  Pipe  Bends — Pipe  Nipples 


627 


WROUGHT  PIPE  BENDS 


KI 


Page  162. 

Hot  Bending.  Please  note  that  the  information  given  on  page  162 
with  regard  to  wrought  pipe  bends  applies  only  to  hot  bending. 

Page  163. 

Symbols.  It  will  be  noticed  that  there  are  various  symbols  shown  on 
the  drawings  on  page  163.  All  these  are  to  be  disregarded  with  the  ex- 
ception of  the  symbol  "R,"  Advisable  Radius  to  which  reference  is  made 
in  table  on  page  162. 

Wrought  Pipe  Nipples 

Page  171. 

The  length  of  Close  Nipples  should  be  changed  as  shown  in  the  list 
below,  which  conforms  to  the  standard  adopted  by  the  Committee  of 
Manufacturers  on  Standardization  of  Fittings  and  Valves,  on  April  10, 
igi6,  New  York,  N.  Y. 


Pipe  Size 

Length  of 
Close  Nipple 

Pipe  Size 

Length  of 
Close  Nipple 

<z  «/ 

i>i  i% 

2  2  1 
21A  *1A 

3  **A 

\  \ 


9 

o 

12 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  162,  16S  and  171 


', 


628 


Wrought  Casing  Nipples 


Page  174 


Wrought  Casing  Nipples 


We  give  below  the  length  of  Close  and  Short  Casing  Nipples,  sizes  a  to 
I5>2  inches,  inclusive.  These  are  made  from  the  lightest  weight  of  Stand- 
ard Boston  Casing,  and  with  the  standard  number  of  threads  per  inch  for 
that  weight,  unless  otherwise  ordered.  ^'l Jrf 


no  iiwu     Casing 

.Xj,-9d,  size,  inches  ia91grb 


rabsca  et  aonoiolaT  /tofriw  < 


Total  length 
close  nipple,  inches 

_  


i|qi  /I 


jell  ad)  ni  ^KoHtt  «c  1 

rtiiotm§$g- 9'ifi  ^  * 
QI   IhqA  fl^^89v!«V  i>0£| 

% 
4K 


to  t 


I* 


s*^* 


-^ 

3 
3 

L 


5 

SK 

sK 


Total  length 
short  nipple,  inches 


sa  ^p  H' 

3 

3         -Vt  3^^ 

gnel  9dT 
irfw  rwol'sd 
no  8ifriu£>£lim£l/ 
.Y  .VI  ,3hoJ  w-Trf  ,5ioi 


9B010   lQ 

^cfitolndo 


4 
4 


• 


| 


oif.  .''•    •    • 

>rit  ample  r.v..^- ,.  ah--',\.'o 


information  supplements  that  on  page 


Working  Barrels  629 


WORKING  BARRELS 

Present  foot  note  reads: 

•    "All  Working  Barrels  are  threaded  14  threads  per 
inch." 

.iqr*!   SfioiJd 

This  should  read  as  follows: 

"2  and  2>£-inch  Working  Barrels  are  threaded  nK 
threads  per  inch." 

"3   and   4-inch   Working    Barrels   are   threaded    14 
threads  per  inch. ' ' 


This  information   supplements   that   on  page  1S7 


630  Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Standard  Pipe 


^31q 

The  following  tables  showing  the  "Internal  Fluid 
Pressures  for  Standard,  Extra  Strong,  Double  Extra 
Strong  Pipe  and  Standard  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues 
supplement  the  information  on  "Strength  of  Commer- 
cial Tubes,  Pipes  and  Cylinders  to  Resist  Internal  Fluid 
Pressures,"  which  appears  on  pages  222  to  226. 

*£f"  !">,• 

>B91/f  j 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  g£2  to  226 


Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Standard  Pipe              631 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Standard  Pipe 

Based  on  Barlow's  Formula  P  =  2/—  ----- 
D 
D  =  Outside  diameter  in  inches.  P  =  Pressure  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 
t  =Thickness  of  wall  in  inches.  /=Fiber  stress  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 

1 

3 

Factor  of  safety  =  10 

Lap-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  5000  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

;  i  j  [  i  i^SSSsilSg-SsmSSSlSSsaS   : 

::;::: 

Butt-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  4000  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

HfflHHSI  M  M  M  h  ;  ;  ;  h  ;  ;  ;  ;  ;  ;  i  ; 

Factor  of  safety  =  8 

Lap-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  6250  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in; 

jj.MiwmimHU.MaH. 

jii 

JHKsHSH  ::::;:::::::::::::::: 

!l 

& 

1 

1 

Lap-weld  B 
fibe*  stress  fit 
=  8333  Ibs.  = 
per  sq.  in.  p< 

•   •'•'•*                                                                  cto  ~     *$> 

Butt-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  6667  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

|§!§||3|ia  ;;;;;   j;jj   ;;;;;;;;;; 

Factor  of  safety  =  5 

Lap-  weld 
fiber  stress 
=  10000  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

111 

iinnsiiHii!  iinninnnnN 

Ultimate  bursting 
pressure 

! 

ss  Fiber  stress 
.  50,000  Ibs. 
.  per  sq.  in. 

H    [;ll!lll!ll!1!lill!l!!l!ll!i 

I 

ill 

i 

OOOi-«t?MMl!?«5«t?«  «"8  tr>  «  n  <o  «  ^"5)  JowJoJoJoio^*^ 

!! 

l*SII-lis«§81^*«*waw§§§il§ 

* 

i 

QQQ 

^^^X>?t  ^tx  ^  ^  ^                                    odd 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  222  to   226 


632          Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

I**. 

n 

Lap-  weld 
fiber  stress 
=  5000  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

i  i  ^'w  ""*  £4  1SSSS 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Extra  Strong  Pipe 
Based  on  Barlow's  Formula  P*=2f~~ 

}  =  Outside  diameter  in  inches.  P=  Pressure  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 
t  =  Thickness  of  wall  in  inches.  /=  Fiber  stress  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 

Pressures  at  various  factors  of  safety 

Butt-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  4000  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

MMB^aa  ;  =  •  ii;;:    f 

1 
•3' 

fa 

•-'da  ii  R 

IN!!   1335$  ti38*  SJSH  iltSS 

11 

ffS'iS^?    ?^2ac>  *::•::     •  j  :  j        :  :  :  :  : 

| 
fa 

Lap-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  8333  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

\m  |*8H5HHfl«  HISS 

Butt-weld 
fiber  stress 
=  6667  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

:  .  :     :        :           .  .  "«  .  ^ 

ZZ2Z2  12^^22    =::•::     :  :  :  :        .  :  :  :  :    j 

ii 

£ 
$ 

"8 
I 

ill" 

ilfi 

-  •  .  •  •     • 

lifl 

11111  111!!  §  i  1  ;  1  i  :  \  ;  : 

la 

1 

Fiber  stress 
50,000  Ibs. 
per  sq.  in. 

'  •:  !  '•:  :t«».  -o^8.  _^~^»  „..„» 

•:;.:     .^siattu,  MRM.»33S 

Butt-weld 

lj.9 

„„,                 _4    „:  i  ;  i     fjll        ;  :  : 

«"?.?§•«    "BSiooK*   ™  '.'.'..     :  :  :  :  .     :  :  :     : 

J 

(r,  oo  i*.*      o.-OoOO       Oooi^wm      «QOQO       Q2QQO 
O.MM'.J-./)       tt<3kO-t>.       OVi^ior^       t^OOOO       OOOOO 

IIIUI4 

8  s?c  ?  «  t  : 

11 

;*&!  siisi  mil  mis  g|i§? 

1 

xxxx*     ^  x     *  * 

8"---J 

information  supplements  that  on  pages  222  to  886:\*t 


Internal  Fluid 

Pressures  for  Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe    633 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe 
jj 

Based  on  Barlow's  formula  P  =  2  /-ij- 

D  =  Outside  diameter  in  inches.  P  =  Pressure  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 
;  t  =  Thickness  of  wall  in  inches.  /  =  Fiber  stress  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 

Factor  of 
safety  =  10 

g-2  «  i  §  S..S 

«3  <a^i  £  £,    .    . 

^MfcWjj 

....  VOVO   O   •*  O  00   O  00   rJ-OO   •* 

.       .       .       .OfONMOvOW'tO^IH 

^HOOOvt-^vO'^t-Tf^OrOMO 

~2  %  g  §  SLs 

3    0)  XI    »H    ^     •      . 

m*W«2S 

Jt^oc  H  ^  ovo    !'.!!!!'.' 
rt-  t^  Tj-00  VO   CO 
coMoovoTt-io!   ;   .   |   |   .   ;   * 

factors  of  safety 

Factor  of 
safety  =  8 

l?il!^ 

J**3n.3sr 

'.    '.    '.    '.  c*  *n  o  rooo  N  10  v)  o  -<too 

.     .     .     .  <*>  O>  O   rfOO  t^  t^OO   fO  fO^O 

.       .       .       .  VO    <N    rt  M    OOO    t^\O  VO    -t  <N 

:  :  :  : 

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«O  N   O   O  to  c< 

^^^r??s^^  ;  i  ;  :  ;  ;  •  • 

Pressures  at  various 

Factor  of  Factor  of 
safety  =  5  safety  =  6 

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:::::::: 

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ootovocoo>o    

iOTfrtrOfO<NcO    



Ultimate 
bursting  pressure 

Butt-weld  Lap-weld 

fj.S 

M    O    Cfl 

sjkf 

... 

:  : 

•     •           •  cooO  OfCOOOO^wvoi/5 
•     •          •ioioO'^-Ot^OoO1<tt^-^- 
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M  ro  co  to  *t  "t  »ovo  \O  O  f-  t^OO  OO  OO 

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1  j 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  %*?.   to  t26 

634      Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Standard  Boiler  Tubes 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for  Standard  Boiler  Tubes 

and  Flues  —  Lap-  Welded 

Based  on  Barlow's  Formula  P  =2  /-  -~  - 

D  =  Outside  diameter  in  inches. 

/  =  Thickness  of  wall  in  inches. 

P  —  Pressure  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 
/  =  Fiber  stress  in  pounds  per  square  inch. 

|f  ||1 

6  V>  .-v. 
,  t-  '-•>  ~. 

Ultimate 

Pressures  at  various  factors  of  safety 

Thickness 

bursting 

-__.  

pressure 

Factor  of 

Factor  of 

Factor  of 

Factor  of 

External 

safety  =  5 

safety  =  6 

safety  =8 

safety  =  i  o 

diam- 

— "~!  o_  jj  £ 

g  cr  .  

eter 

Fiber 

Fiber 

Fiber 

Fiber 

Fiber 

[  M  C^  f  ^ 

B.  W. 

stress 

stress 

stress 

stress 

stress 

1       j'O'C  "«   v 

Inches 

G. 

=  50,000 

=  10,000 

=  8333 

=  6250 

=  5000 

Ibs.  per 
sq.  in. 

Ibs.  per 
sq.  in. 

Ibs.  per 
sq.  in. 

Ibs.  per 
sq.  in. 

Ibs.  per 
sq.  in. 



•095 

13 

5429 

1086 

905 

679 

543 

2 

•095 

13 

4750 

950 

792              594 

475 

2/-4 

•095 

13 

4222 

844 

704              528 

422 

2^ 

.109 

12 

4360 

872 

727 

545              436 

2^ 

.109 

12 

3964 

793 

66  1 

495              396 

3 

.109 

12 

3633 

727 

606 

454               363 

.120 

II 

3692 

6i5 

462 

369 

3/^ 

.120 

II 

3429 

686 

571 

429 

343 

3^ 

.120 

II 

3200 

640 

533 

400 

320 

4 

•134 

10 

3350 

670 

558 

419 

335 

.134 

IO 

2978 

596 

496 

372 

298 

5 

.148 

9 

2960 

592 

493 

370 

296 

6 

.165 

8 

2750 

550 

458 

344 

275 

7 

.165 

8 

2357 

393 

295 

236 

8 

.165 

8 

2063 

4J3 

344 

258 

206 

Q 

.180 

7 

2000                     400 

333 

250                   200 

10 

.203 

6 

2030                     406 

338 

254                   203 

II            !      .220 

5 

2000 

400 

333 

250 

200 

12            !       .220 

1908 

382 

239 

191 

13             -238 

4 

1831 

366 

305 

229 

183 

14         !     .248 

1771 

354              295 

221 

177 

15              .259 

• 

1727 

345 

288 

216 

173 

16              270 

1688 

338 

281 

211 

169 

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\i  OO^i  b-ru  <v  • 

• 

»2  ?r  — 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  222   to  226 


Purification  of  Boiler  Water  635 


PURIFICATION  OF  BOILER  WATER 

The  introduction  to  an  article  by  P.  M.  La  Bach*  in  Railway  Master 
Mechanic,  May,  1914,  on  "Purification  of  Water  for  Locomotives"  forms 
a  good  preface  to  a  study  of  boiler  water,  and  is  quoted  below.  A  study 
of  the  whole  article,  which  space  will  not  permit  of  reprinting  here,  will 
well  repay  the  reader: 

"Scientific  investigation  tells  us  that  pure  water  practically  does  not 
exist  in  nature.  Snow  and  rain  water  in  falling  absorb  the  gaseous  sub- 
stances in  the  air.  These  are  usually  carbonic  acid,  nitric  acid,  and 
ammonia.  In  addition  to  this,  water  is  a  weakly  oxidizing  agent  itself. 
Some  of  the  impurities,  such  as  carbonic  acid,  aid  in  dissolving  a  number  of 
substances  which  are  found  in  ordinary  soil.  A  further  addition  of  carbonic 
acid  to  surface  water  on  its  way  into  the  earth  is  made  by  absorbing  decay- 
ing vegetable  matter.  Having  acquired  acid  properties,  the  water  readily 
absorbs  various  mineral  substances  which  are  found  in  ordinary  soils, 
including  salts  of  lime  and  magnesia.  When  once  dissolved,  these  sub- 
stances are  colorless  as  a  rule,  and  do  not  make  their  presence  known. 
Custom  has  given  the  term  'hardness'  to  the  amount  of  salts  in  solution 
and  we  have  'total  hardness,'  'temporary  hardness,'  etc.,  now  used  as 
technical  terms.  Table  I  shows  the  maximum  amounts  of  different  mineral 
substances  which  may  be  dissolved  in  pure  water.  These  substances  are 
found  in  varying  quantities  in  nearly  all  water  except  that  caught  im- 
mediately upon  falling. 

TABLE    I — SOLUBILITY   IN    I    U.  S.    GALLON   AT   60°  F. 

Calcium  carbonate,  CaCOs 2:1  grains 

Calcium  chloride,  CaCh 33-3  Ibs. 

Calcium  sulphate,  CaSO4 134-1  grains 

Magnesium  carbonate,  MgCOs .tern  -sMis* ••• Doubtful 

Magnesium  chloride,  MgCh ••siotigfio-eT 16.6  Ibs. 

Magnesium  sulphate,  MgSO4 2.5  Ibs. 

Sodium  carbonate,  Na2COa i.o  Ib. 

Sodium  chloride,  NaCl 2.9  Ibs. 

Sodium  sulphate,  Na2SO4 . 0.9  Ib. 

"As  the  solutions  in  the  table  are  for  ordinary  temperatures,  it  is  appar- 
ent that  when  present  in  the  earth  of  the  neighborhood  or  in  the  rocks 
underneath  the  surface,  that  any  supply  of  water  taken  from  a  well  or 
running  stream  is  apt  to  contain  impurities  in  liberal  quantities. 

"Rocks  are  worn  away  by  the  mechanical  action  of  heat  and  freezing 
and  are  first  oxidized,  either  by  the  oxygen  of  the  air  or  by  water.  After 
this  the  hydrates  of  these  substances  are  formed  and  solutions  are  made. 
In  addition,  there  are  a  number  of  solutions  of  acids  which  may  be  either 
organic  or  inorganic  in  origin.  These,  in  combination,  form  new  sub- 
stances which  are  soluble  in  water.  The  older  chemists  use  the  terms 
temporary  and  permanent  hardness  in  referring  to  these  compounds. 
Temporary  hardness  was  understood  to  be  the  difference  between  the  total 

*Ass't  Engineer,  C.  R.  I.  &  P.  Ry,  Member  A.  S.  C.  E.  and  A.  R.  E.  A. 


Supplementing  "Boiler  Incrustation  and  Corrosion" 
pages  275  to  277 


636 


Purification  of  Boiler  Water 


hardness  and  permanent  hardness,  while  permanent  hardness  was  that  por- 
tion not  precipitated  by  boiling.  The  effect  of  boiling  is  to  drive  off  the 
carbon  dioxide  and  precipitate  the  carbonates.  In  a  great  many  of  the 
reports,  however,  only  the  total  hardness  is  given.  The  different  units 
and  their  method  of  calculation  properly  belong  to  unabridged  editions 
of  books  on  this  subject,  but  for  reference  the  standard  units  are  found 
in  Table  II. 

lOfl   «90b    ^U*-':  TABLE  II— STANDARDS  OF  HARDNESS 

"German:  One  degree  of  hardness  is  the  solution  of  one  (i)  part  calcium 
oxide  (CaO)  in  100,000  parts  of  water,  or  .01  gram  in  one  litre.  J?3tiB)? 

"French:  One  degree  of  hardness  is  the  solution  of  one  (i)  part  cal- 
cium carbonate  (CaCOs)  in  100,000  parts  of  water,  or  .01  gram  in  one 
litre. 

"English:  One  grain  of  calcium  carbonate  per  'Imperial'  gallon  of 
70,000  grains. 

•'American:  One  grain  of  calcium  carbonate  per  'U.  S.'  gallon  of 
58,381  grains. 

"The  American  and  English  standards  are  in  the  same  unit  as  the 
French,  CaCOs  and  in  the  proportion  58,381:70,000:100,000.  One 
degree  of  French  standard  for  hardness  equals  1.79  degrees  of  the  German. 

''One  degree  of  French  standard  for  hardness  equals  1.79  degrees  of  the 
German. 

"There  are  innumerable  substances  found  in  water  polluted  by  sewage 
and  mill-waste,  but  each  forms  a  separate  problem  and  no  general  rules 
can  be  applied. 

"The  impurities  found  in  water  may  be  classified  thus: 


"I.     Suspended  matter: 

(a)  Organic  matter, 
ittuns  i. ^t1    i.  Animal  matter, 

2.  Vegetable  matter, 

3.  Micro-organisms, 

4.  Algae. 

(b)  Inorganic  matter: 

1.  Mineral  matter, 

2.  Mineral  oils, 

3.  Clay, 

4.  Sand, 

5.  Silt. 


tfiQ  <<. 

'olrfo  fnublfi'  > 
•i  ilna  cniHDiBl* 

s  M  ,  9 .? 


Removed  by  Mechanical 
Filtration. 

XI  ,'sifiilqiim  mi/rboH 
-.jfii  fii  eriolJiffoB  yrfJ  ?A" 

:JB9   9rfJ   fl£   Jtt989iq   /i 

rnfi  ^fsrfJ  ,9OJshi.J8  9Hi  .d)B9ni'jbniz 


"II.  Dissolved  substances: 
(a)     Gases, 

1.  Oxygen, 

2.  Carbon  dioxide, 

3.  Chlorine, 

4.  Hydrogen  sulphide. 

5.  Ammonia. 
Solids 

1.  Organic, 

2.  Inorganic. 


T9ffii9  ad 
-<5ue  wsn 


(b) 


Removed    by    heating   or   preci- 
pitated by  chemical  reagents. 


!  .  H  /)  .Ionian/?  j'g'aA*  ; 


Supplementing  "Boiler  Incrustation  and  Corrosion" 
vages  275  to  277 


Purification  of  Boiler  Water  637 


"Boiler  waters  are  usually  divided  into  four  classes  when  reference  is 
made  to  the  soluble  impurities  which  cause  trouble  when  in  solution,  these 
impurities  being  (i)  Incrusting  solids,  (2)  Inert  subtances,  (3)  Corrosion 
substances,  (4)  Substances  causing  priming  and  foaming. 

"  Incrusting  solids  are  those  which  form  a  coating  or  scale  in  the  interior 
of  the  boiler  through  the  action  of  either  the  heat  or  pressure.  They  are 
usually  of  two  kinds,  those  forming  hard  scale  or  those  forming  soft  scale. 

"Inert  substances  are  those  which  are  harmless  and  have  no  action 
on  the  bciler.  Their  only  effect  is  to  raise  the  temperature  of  the  boiling 
point.  (3)  and  (4)  are  usually  called  non  incrusting  substances.  They 
are  defined  as  follows: 

"A  corrosive  substance  is  one  which  causes  deterioration  of  the  steel 
of  the  boiler  either  by  chemical  or  electrolytic  action. 

"  'A  boiler  is  said  to  prime  when  water  is  carried  as  steam-bubbles,  with 
the  steam  up  through  the  water  to  its  surface,  and  may  be  considered  as 
affecting  the  entire  depth  of  the  water  in  a  boiler.' 

"  'Foaming  is  the  result  of  suspended  impurities  in  the  water  which, 
rise  to  its  surface  in  a  more  or  less  dirty  condition  and  form  a  scum.  Pure 
water  cannot  produce  foam;  steam  from  a  boiler  which  foams  is  dryer  than 
that  from  a  boiler  which  primes.'  "  &io  fyis  Bb&Qifun  lo 

If  serious  trouble  is  apprehended  on  account  of  scale  and  deposits  in  the 
water,  and  this  water  is  the  best  available  in  that  locality,  the  services 
of  a  chemist  experienced  in  investigating  water  troubles  should  be  engaged. 
Most  of  the  large  water  purification  companies  have  well  equipped  labora- 
tories and  experts.  It  would  be  well  to  get  the  opinion  of  two  or  three 
experienced  concerns  making  a  specialty  of  boiler  water  treatment  where 
there  is  much  at  stake  and  the  water  is  of  doubtful  quality. 

A  water  which  is  ideal  in  respect  to  incrusting  foreign  matter  may  be 
very  corrosive.  Should  serious  pitting  of  the  tubes  develop,  it  would  be 
well  to  keep  in  mind  that  this  is  often  a  very  complicated  problem.  Tubes 
may  now  be  obtained  which  are  as  uniform  as  steel  can  be  made  and  yet 
under  certain  conditions  local  corrosion  or  pitting  will  take  place.  The 
following  suggestions  may  be  used  as  a  guide  in  tracing  the  causes  of  such 
trouble. 

I.  Note  whether  the  pitting  is  scattered  or  confined  to  certain 
portions  of  the  tube.  Have  the  metal  analyzed  and  examined  on 
polished  cross  sections  as  to  its  uniformity.  (National  Tube 
Company  maintains  a  well  equipped  laboratory  for  making 
such  investigations.  This  service  is  free  of  charge  to  all  users 
of  "NATIONAL"  products.) 

II.  In  some  waters,  homogeneous  metal  will  be  pitted  on  account  of 
the  electrical  potential  difference  between  the  mill  scale  on  the 
surface  and  the  metal  underneath.  The  action  will  be  stronger 


Supplementing  "Boiler  Incrustation  and  Corrosion" 
pages  275  to  277 


638         Purification  of  Boiler  Water — Kutter's  Formula 


the  more  electrolytic  the  water  is,  depending  on  the  presence 
of  certain  soluble  salts. 

A  good  plan  in  such  cases  is  to  remove  the  mill  scale  by  pickling 
in  dilute  sulphuric  acid  and  thoroughly  washing  the  surface 
finally  in  lime  water  before  inserting  the  tubes  into  the  boiler. 
This  will  usually  lessen  the  pitting  considerably  but  may  not 
be  necessary  if  other  precautions  referred  to  below  are  followed 
out. 

III.  See  to  the  feed  water  heater  —  oxygen  and  carbonic  acid  in  solution 
are  the  most  frequent  causes  of  corrosion.  The  action  of  these 
gases  is  not  direct,  but  it  is  nevertheless  essential  to  continued 
corrosion  that  oxygen  be  present.  For  this  reason  open  feed 
water  heaters  are  preferable  and  should  be  well  vented  and  run 
regularly  at  a  temperature  of  175°  F.  or  higher. 

IV.  If  the  foregoing  conditions  have  been  complied  with  as  far  as 
possible,  and  you  still  have  trouble  it  is  time  to  call  in  a  boiler 
water  expert  to  advise  on  water  treatment.  The  water  should 
be  maintained  slightly  alkaline  but  it  is  important  that  the 
alkalinity  be  controlled  within  certain  limits.  The  water 
treatment  necessary  for  removing  scale  forming  matter  will 
usually  eliminate  or  at  least  lessen  corrosion.  The  experience 
of  railroads  and  others  who  have  put  in  water  softening  plants 
is  practically  unanimous  on  this  point. 

In  conclusion,  remember  that  — 

"A  steam-boiler  is  a  steam-generator,  not  a  place  for  chemical 
reactions." 

"The  only  'compound  '  to  put  into  a  boiler  is  clean  and  soft  water. 
oftsxiv/  insnrtfi-jij  laJiiw  taliQd  i<;  vji/nosq^  L  smajtim  en^onon  n^ongnaqx^ 
Avoid  quack  remedies." 

"Oxygen,  when  free  in  boilers,  is  a  most  destructive  element." 
For  further  study  of  this  subject  we  refer  you  to  Wm.  W.  Christie's 
work  on  "Boiler  Waters"  (D.  Van  Nostrand  Company,  New  York  City). 


281  KUTTER'S  FORMULA 

_,.    f          .         [Iff  yato-tui  "io  noi&onoo  IJEOO!  fenoiJibnoo  •. 
This  formula  now  reads 

S  =  slope  =  head  -  length, 

,  .  .  ,  -  ,  ,  .aldum! 

measured  in  a  straight  line  from  end  to  end. 

This  formula  should  be  changed  to  read 

S  =  slope  =  head  -j-  length. 

. 
Snijifirn  loi  't-iQj&iod&l,  fraqq,  ''liBtti   YnJBC]*, 

sin*}  n-  ijoais  ofiJ 

legnc  i:..K  -jriT  stem  sri)  bn£  oosriue 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  275  to  277,  and  281 


Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction                      639 

Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction 

Based  on  Cox's  Formula  (see  page  280) 

TO  =  Velocity  in  feet  per  second.  '>no398  isq  Joal  ni  yjfootoV 

H  =  Loss  of  head  by  friction  in  feet  per  100  foot  length  of  pipe. 

Q  —  Discharge  in  cubic  feet  per  minute. 

Inside  diameter  of  pipe  in  inches 

v 

\ 

4 

5 

6 

7 

8 

9 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

I.O 

.146 

5-2 

.117 

8.2 

.097 

u.8 

.083 

16.0 

•073 

20.9 

.065 

36,5 

1.2 

.203 

6-; 

.163 

9.8 

.136 

14-1 

.116 

19.2 

.102 

25.1 

.090 

31.8 

1.4 

.268 

7-3 

.21^ 

11.5 

.178 

16.5 

•153 

22.4 

•*34 

29-3 

.119 

37-1 

i    1.61     .338 

8.4 

.271 

13.1 

.226 

18.8 

.193 

25-7 

.i6<; 

33.5 

.150 

49-4 

1.8 

.416 

9-4 

•333 

14.7 

.277 

21.2 

.238 

28.9 

.208 

37-7 

.185 

47.7 

2.0 

.500 

10.5 

.400 

16.4 

•333 

23-6 

.286 

32.1 

-250 

41.9 

.222 

53-0 

'     2.2 

•591 

11.5 

•473 

18.0 

•394 

25-9 

.338 

35-3 

•  295 

46.1 

-263 

58-3 

2.4 

.688 

12.6 

•551 

19.6 

.459 

28.3 

•393 

38.5 

•344 

50.3 

.306 

63.6! 

2.6 

•  793 

13.6 

.634 

21.3 

.528 

30.6 

•453 

41.7 

.396 

54-5 

.352 

68.9 

2.8 

•903 

14.7 

.723 

22.9 

.602 

33-0 

.516 

44.9 

•452 

58-6 

.401 

74-2 

3-o 

I.O2I 

15.7 

.817 

24-5 

.681 

35-3 

•583 

48.1 

.510 

62.8 

-454 

79.5 

3-2 

I.I45 

16.8 

.916 

26.2 

.763 

37-7 

-654 

51-3 

67.0 

•509 

84.8 

3-4 

1.276 

17.8 

I.O2I 

27.8 

.851 

40.1 

.729 

54-5 

•  638 

71.2 

.567 

90.1 

3.6!   1.413 

18.8 

I.I3I 

29-5 

.942 

42.4 

.808 

57-7 

.707 

75-4 

.628 

95-4 

3-8 

1.558 

19.9 

1.246 

31-1 

1.038 

44-8 

.890 

60.9 

-779 

79-6 

.692 

101.   ; 

4.0 

1.708 

20.9 

1.367 

32.7 

.139 

47.1 

.976 

64.1 

•854 

83-8 

•759 

106. 

4.2 

r.866 

22.0 

1-493 

34-4 

.244 

49-5 

i.  06  6 

67.3 

•933 

88.0 

.829 

izx. 

4.4 

2.030 

23-0 

1.624 

36.0 

•353 

51.8 

.160 

70.6 

1.015 

92.2 

.902 

117. 

4.6 

2.201 

24.1 

1.761 

37-6 

.467 

54.2 

•  258 

73-8 

I.IOO 

96.3 

•978 

122.     i 

4-8 

2-378 

25-1 

1.903 

39-3 

.586 

56.5 

•359 

77-0 

1.189 

101. 

1-057 

127. 

'    S-o 

2.563 

26.2 

2.050 

40.9 

.708 

58.9 

.464 

80.2 

1.281 

105. 

I-I39 

133- 

i      5-2 

2-753 

27.2 

2.203 

42.5 

-836 

61.3 

•573 

83-4 

1-377 

109. 

1.224 

138. 

;    5-4 

2-951 

28.3 

2.361 

44-2 

.967 

63.6 

.686 

86.6 

1-475 

113- 

1.311 

143- 

5-6 

3-155 

29-3 

2.524 

45-8 

.103 

66.0 

.803 

90.0 

1-578 

117. 

1.402 

I48. 

5-8 

3.366 

30.4 

2.693 

47-5 

.244 

68.3 

-923 

93-0 

1.683 

121. 

1.496 

154- 

6.oj 

3.583 

31-4 

2.867 

49.1 

.389 

70.7 

2.048 

96.2 

1.792 

126. 

1-593 

159- 

|    6.5 

4.156 

34-0 

3.325 

53-2 

.771 

76.6 

2-375 

104. 

2.078 

36. 

1.847 

172. 

!    7-0 

4-771 

36.7 

3-8x7 

57-3 

3.181 

82.5 

2.726 

112. 

2.385 

147. 

2.I3O 

186. 

i    7-5 

5-427 

39-3 

4-342 

61.4 

3-6i8 

88.4 

3-IOI 

I  2O. 

2.714 

57- 

2.412 

199. 

8.0 

6.125 

41.9 

4.900 

65-4 

4-083 

94-2 

3-500 

128. 

3-063 

68. 

2.722 

212. 

i  8.5 

6.865 

44-5 

5-492 

69-5 

4.576 

oo. 

3.923 

136. 

3-432 

178. 

3.051 

225- 

9-° 

7.646 

47-1 

6.117 

73-6 

5-097 

06. 

4-369 

144. 

3-823 

188. 

3.398 

239 

!    9-5 

8.469 

49-7 

6-775 

77-7 

5.646 

112. 

4.839 

152. 

4-234 

99- 

3.764 

252. 

IO.O 

9-333 

52.4 

7-467 

81.8 

6.222 

18. 

5-333 

1  60. 

4.667 

209. 

4.148 

265. 

This  information  replaces  that  on  pages  £8«  to  888 


640                      Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction 

Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction     (Continued) 

Based  on  Cox's  Formula  (see  page  289) 

v  =  Velocity  in  feet  per  second. 

H  =  Loss  of  head  by  friction  in  feet  per  100  foot  length  of  pipe. 
Q  =  Discharge  in  cubic  feet  per  minute. 

.-ad  onr  Inside  diameter  of  pipe  in  inches 

V 

10 

II 

12 

13 

14 

15 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

!  ® 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

l£% 

.os8 

32.7 

.053 

39.6 

.049 

47.1 

.045 

55-3 

.042 

64.1 

•039 

73-6 

1.2 

.081 

39-3 

.074 

47-5 

.068 

S6.S 

.063 

66.4 

.058 

77-0 

•054 

88.4 

1.4 

.107 

45.8 

.097 

^•4 

.089 

66.0 

.082 

77-4 

.076 

89.8 

.071 

103. 

1.6 

•J35 

52.4 

.123 

63-4 

.113 

75-4 

.104 

88.5 

.097 

103. 

.090 

118. 

?£* 

.166 

58.9 

.151 

71-3 

•139 

84.8 

.128 

99-5 

.119 

US- 

.in 

133- 

2.O 

.200 

6S-  4 

.182 

70-2 

.167 

94-2 

•154 

ill. 

.143 

128. 

•133 

147- 

2.2 

.236 

72.0 

.215 

87.1 

-197 

104. 

.182 

122. 

.169 

141. 

.158 

162. 

2.4 

•     -275 

78.S 

.250 

95-0 

.229 

113. 

.212 

133- 

•197 

154- 

.184 

177. 

2.6 

-317 

8s.i 

.288 

103. 

.264 

123. 

•244 

144. 

.226 

167. 

.211 

191. 

-2.8 

.361 

91.6 

.328 

III. 

.301 

132. 

.278 

155- 

.258 

180. 

.241 

206. 

3.0 

.408 

98.2 

.371 

HO. 

•340 

141. 

.314 

166. 

.292 

192. 

.272 

221. 

3-2 

•458 

ro<;. 

.416 

127. 

.382 

151. 

•352 

177. 

.327 

205. 

.305 

236. 

3-4 

.510 

in. 

.464 

135. 

•425 

160. 

.393 

188. 

.365 

218. 

•340 

250. 

3-6 

.565 

118. 

.514 

143. 

•471 

170. 

•435 

199. 

.404 

231. 

.377 

265. 

3-8 

•623 

124. 

.566 

150. 

.519 

179- 

•479 

210. 

•445 

244. 

.415 

280. 

4.0 

.683 

131- 

.621 

158. 

.569 

188. 

.526 

221. 

.488 

257. 

.456 

& 

4.2 

.746 

137- 

.678 

166. 

.622 

198. 

•574 

232. 

•533 

269. 

•498 

309. 

4-4 

.812 

144. 

.738 

174. 

.677 

207. 

.625 

243. 

.58o 

282. 

•541 

324. 

4.6 

.880 

151. 

.800 

182. 

•734 

217. 

•677 

254. 

.629 

295. 

,S87 

339. 

4.8 

•951 

157- 

.865 

190. 

•793 

226. 

.732 

265. 

.680 

308. 

.634 

353- 

5-0 

;     .025 

164. 

.932 

198. 

•854 

236. 

.788 

277. 

.732 

S2I. 

•683 

368. 

5.2 

.101 

170. 

.001 

206. 

.918 

245- 

.847 

288. 

.787 

S34- 

•734 

383- 

5-4 

.180 

177. 

.073 

214. 

.984 

254- 

.908 

299. 

843 

U6. 

.787 

398. 

5-6 

.262 

183. 

.147 

222. 

1.052 

264. 

.971 

^10. 

.901 

S50. 

.841 

412. 

5-8 

.346 

190. 

.224 

230. 

1.  122 

273. 

1.036 

321. 

.962 

372. 

.898 

427. 

6.0. 

•433 

106. 

.303 

238. 

I.I94 

283. 

1.103 

S3  2. 

1.024 

S8S. 

.956 

442. 

|f 

.663 

213. 

•5" 

257- 

1.385 

306. 

1.279 

359. 

1.188 

417. 

I.I08 

479. 

7.6 

.908 

22Q. 

•735 

277- 

I.S90 

S3Q. 

1.468 

S87. 

1-363 

449. 

1.272 

SIS- 

7-5 

.171 

24<>. 

•973 

297. 

I.8O9 

S.S3- 

1.670 

415. 

I-55I 

481. 

1-447 

552. 

8.0 

•450 

262. 

.227 

317. 

2.O42 

377- 

1.885 

442. 

i.75o 

513. 

1-633 

589. 

8.5 

2.746 

2?8. 

•496 

337- 

2.288 

401. 

2.  112 

470. 

1.961 

545. 

1.831 

626. 

9.0 

3-058 

295- 

.780 

SS6. 

2.549 

424- 

2-353 

498. 

2.185 

S77. 

2.039 

663. 

9-5 

1.S88 

311. 

3.080 

^76. 

2.823 

448. 

2.6o6 

S2S. 

2.420 

609. 

2.258 

699. 

1O.O 

3-733 

327. 

3-394 

396. 

3-in 

471. 

2.872 

553- 

2.667 

641. 

2.489 

736. 

This  information  replaces  that  on  pages  286  to  288 


Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction                     641 

Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  -Friction     (Continued) 

Based  on  Cox's  Formula  (see  page  289) 

v  =  Velocity  in  feet  per  second,      /'isa  iaq  te$\  ni  YJiooteV  — 

H  =  Loss  of  head  by  friction  in  feet  per  100  foot  length  of  pipe. 

Q  =  Discharge  in  cubic  feet  per  minute.r-iiduD  ni  agi&iDeiCI 

Inside  diameter  of  pipe  in  inches 

V 

16 

17 

18 

19 

20 

.21 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

// 

Q 

I.O 

.036 

83-8 

•034 

94-6 

.032 

106. 

.031 

118. 

.029 

131- 

.028 

144- 

1.2 

•051 

101. 

.048 

113- 

.045 

127. 

•043 

142. 

.041 

157- 

.039 

173- 

1.4 

.067 

117. 

-063 

132. 

.059 

148. 

.056 

165- 

•054 

183. 

-051 

202. 

1.6 

.085 

134- 

.080 

i  .51. 

•075 

170. 

.071 

189. 

.068 

200- 

.064 

231- 

1.8 

.104 

151- 

.098 

170. 

.092 

191- 

.088 

213- 

.083 

236. 

.079 

260. 

2.0 

.125 

168. 

.118 

189. 

.in 

212. 

.105 

236. 

.100 

262. 

•  095 

289- 

2.2 

.148 

184. 

-139 

162 

208. 

.131 

T  e  o 

233- 

2  $A 

.124 

260. 
284 

.118 

T?R 

288. 

-113 

317. 

If        .108 

218. 

.186 

246. 

.176 

^54- 
276. 

.167 

307. 

•  159 

340. 

.151 

375- 

2.8 

.226 

235- 

.213 

265. 

.201 

297- 

.190 

331- 

.181 

367. 

,    .172 

404. 

3-o 

.255 

251. 

.240 

284. 

.227 

318. 

.215 

354- 

.204 

393- 

.194 

433- 

3-2 

.286 

268. 

.269 

SQ3. 

•254 

339- 

.241 

378. 

.229 

419. 

.218 

462. 

3-4 

•319 

285. 

.300 

S22. 

.284 

360. 

.269 

402. 

.255 

445- 

•243 

491. 

3-6 

•353 

S02. 

•333 

34°- 

.314 

382. 

.298 

42.5- 

-283 

471. 

-269 

520. 

3-8 

.389 

318. 

.366 

359- 

.346 

403- 

.328 

449- 

.312 

497- 

•297 

548- 

4.0 

.427 

S35. 

.402 

S78. 

.380 

424. 

-360 

473- 

•342 

524- 

.325 

577- 

4.2 

.466 

352. 

-439 

397- 

.415 

445- 

•393 

496. 

-373 

550. 

.-355 

606. 

4-4 

•508 

369. 

-478 

416. 

•451 

467- 

.427 

520. 

.406 

576. 

-387 

635. 

4-6 

•550 

385.. 

.518 

435- 

.489 

488. 

•463 

543- 

.440 

602. 

•419 

664. 

4.8 

•595 

402. 

-56o 

454- 

.529 

509. 

.501 

567. 

.476 

628. 

•453 

693- 

5-0 

.641 

419. 

-603 

473- 

.569 

530. 

•539 

591- 

•513 

654- 

.488 

722. 

5-2 

.688 

436. 

.648 

492. 

.612 

.5.51- 

.58o 

614. 

.551 

681. 

B  .524 

750. 

5-4 

•738 

4,52. 

.694 

5ii. 

.656 

573- 

.621 

638. 

-590 

707. 

.    .^62 

779- 

5-6 

.789 

469. 

•742 

530. 

.701 

594- 

.664 

662. 

.631 

733- 

1   .601 

808. 

5-8 

.841 

486. 

-792 

549- 

.748 

615. 

.709 

685- 

-673 

759- 

BJEji 

837- 

6.0 

.896 

503. 

.843 

567. 

.796 

6^6. 

:      .754 

709. 

.717 

785. 

.68s 

866. 

6.5 

1.039 

545. 

-978 

615- 

.924 

689. 

-875 

768. 

.831 

8si. 

.792 

938. 

!    7-o 

I-IQ3 

586. 

1.123 

662. 

1.  060 

742. 

1.004 

827. 

•954 

916. 

.909 

IOIO. 

i    7-5 

1-357 

628. 

1.277 

709. 

1.  2O6 

795- 

1*143 

886. 

1.085 

982. 

•034 

1082. 

|    8.0 

i-53i 

670. 

1.441 

757- 

I.36l 

848. 

1.289 

945- 

1.225 

1047. 

tl67 

IIS5- 

8.5 

1.716 

712. 

1.615 

804. 

1.525 

901 

1-445 

1004. 

1-373 

HI3 

-308 

1227. 

9.0 

1.911 

754- 

1.799 

851. 

1.699 

954- 

1.610 

1063. 

1-529 

1178. 

-456 

1299. 

9-5 

2.117 

796. 

1-993 

898. 

1.882 

1007. 

1.783 

1122. 

1.694 

1244. 

-613 

I37I- 

1  iO.O 

2-333 

838. 

2.196 

946. 

2.074 

1060. 

1.965 

1181. 

1.867 

1309- 

.778 

1443- 

This  information  replaces  that  on  pages  286  to  288 


642 


Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction 


Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction     (Continued) 
Based  on  Cox's  Formula  (see  page  289) 

v  =  Velocity  in  feet  per  second. 

H  =  Loss  of  head  by  friction  in  feet  per  100  foot  length  of  pipe. 
Q  =  Discharge  in  cubic  feet  per  minute. 


.... 

Inside  diameter  of  pipe  in  inches 

V 

.  22 

24 

26 

28 

30 

33 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

1.0 

.027 

158. 

.024 

188. 

.022 

221. 

.021 

257- 

.019 

295- 

.018 

1.2 

.037 

190. 

•034 

226. 

.031 

265. 

.029 

308. 

.027 

353- 

•025 

1.4 

.049 

222. 

.045 

264. 

.041 

310. 

•038 

359- 

.036 

412. 

.032 

1.6 

.062 

253- 

.056 

302. 

.052 

354- 

.048 

411. 

•045 

471. 

.041 

1.8 

.076 

285. 

.069 

339- 

.064 

398. 

•059 

462. 

•055 

530. 

.050 

2.0 

.091 

317- 

.083 

377- 

.077 

442. 

.071 

513- 

.067 

589- 

.061 

2.2 

.107 

348- 

.098 

415. 

.091 

487. 

.084 

564- 

.070 

648. 

.072 

2.4 

•125 

380. 

.H5 

452. 

.106 

531- 

.098 

616. 

.092 

707. 

.083 

2.6 

.144 

412. 

.132 

490. 

.122 

575- 

.113 

667. 

.106 

766. 

.096 

2.8 

.164 

443- 

.151 

528. 

•139 

619. 

.129 

718. 

.120 

825. 

.109 

3-0 

.186 

475- 

.170 

565. 

•157 

664- 

.146 

770. 

.136 

884. 

.124 

3-2 

.208 

507. 

.191 

603- 

.176 

708. 

.164 

821. 

•153 

942. 

.139 

3-4 

.232 

539- 

.213 

641. 

.196 

752. 

.182 

872. 

.170 

IOOI. 

•  155 

3-6 

.257 

570. 

.236 

679- 

.217 

796. 

.202 

924. 

.188 

1060. 

.171 

3-8 

.283 

602. 

.260 

716. 

.240 

841- 

.223 

975- 

.208 

1119. 

.189 

4.0 

.311 

634- 

.285 

754- 

.263 

885. 

.244 

1026. 

.228 

1178. 

.207 

4.2 

•339 

665- 

.311 

792. 

.287 

929. 

.267 

1078. 

•249 

1237. 

.226 

4-4 

•369 

697- 

.338 

829. 

•312 

973- 

.290 

1129. 

.271 

1296. 

.246 

4.6 

.400 

729- 

.367 

867. 

•339 

1018. 

•314 

1  1  80. 

•293 

1355- 

.267 

4.8 

•432 

760. 

•396 

90S- 

.366 

1062. 

•340 

1232. 

•317 

1414. 

.288 

S-o 

.466 

792- 

•427 

942. 

•304 

1106. 

.366 

1283. 

•342 

1473- 

.311 

5.2 

.501 

824. 

•459 

980. 

•424 

1150. 

•393 

1334- 

•367 

1532. 

.334 

5-4 

•537 

855- 

•492 

1018. 

•454 

H95- 

.422 

1385- 

•393 

1590. 

.358 

5-6 

•574 

887. 

•526 

1056. 

.485 

1239. 

•451 

1437- 

.421 

1649. 

.382 

5-8 

.612 

919. 

.561 

1093- 

.518 

1283. 

.481 

1488. 

-449 

1708. 

.408 

6.0 

.652 

950. 

•597 

1131- 

•551 

1327- 

.512 

1539- 

.478 

1767. 

•434 

6.5 

.756 

1030. 

.693 

1225. 

•639 

1438. 

•  594 

1668. 

•554 

1914. 

•  504 

7.0 

.867 

1109. 

•795 

1319- 

.734 

1549- 

.682 

1796. 

.636 

2062. 

.578 

7-5 

.987 

n88. 

•90S 

1414. 

.835 

1659- 

•775 

1924. 

.724 

2209. 

.658 

8.0 

1.  114 

1267. 

I.O2I 

1508. 

•942 

1770. 

.875 

2053- 

.817 

2356- 

.742 

8.5 

1.248 

1346. 

1.  144 

1602. 

1.056 

1880. 

.981 

2181. 

•915 

2503- 

.832 

9.0 

1.390 

1425. 

1.274 

1696. 

1.176 

1991. 

1.092 

2309. 

1.019 

2651. 

.927 

9-5 

1-540 

1505- 

1.411 

1791. 

1.303 

2IO2. 

I.2IO 

2437- 

1.129 

2798. 

1.027 

10.0 

1.697 

1584. 

1.556 

1885. 

1.436 

2212. 

1-333 

2566. 

1.244 

2945- 

I.I3I 

This  information  replaces  that  on  pages  28fi  to  288 


Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction                      643 

Loss  of  Head  in  Pipe  by  Friction     (Concluded) 

Based  on  Cox's  Formula  (see  page  289) 

v  =  Velocity  in  feet  per  second. 

//  =  Loss  of  head  by  friction  in  feet  per  100  foot  length  of  pipe. 
Q  =  Discharge  in  cubic  feet  per  minute. 

Inside  diameter  of  pipe  in  inches 

V 

36 

39 

42 

45 

48 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

H 

Q 

I.O 

.016 

424- 

.015 

498. 

.014 

577- 

.013 

663. 

.012 

754- 

1.2 

.023 

509- 

.021 

597- 

.019 

693- 

.018 

795- 

.017 

905. 

1.4 

.030 

594- 

.027 

697- 

.025 

808. 

.024 

928. 

.022 

1056. 

1.6 

.038 

679. 

.035 

796. 

.032 

924. 

.030 

1060. 

.028 

1206. 

1.8 

.046 

763- 

•043 

896. 

.040 

1039- 

.037 

1193- 

•035 

1357- 

2.0 

.056 

848. 

.051 

995- 

.048 

1155- 

.044 

1325- 

.041 

1508. 

2.2 

.066 

933-' 

.061 

1095- 

.056 

1270. 

•053 

1458. 

.049 

1659. 

2.4 

.076 

1018. 

.071 

1195- 

.066 

1385- 

.061 

1590. 

•057 

1810. 

2.6 

.088 

1103. 

.081 

1294. 

•075 

1501. 

.070 

1723. 

.066 

1960. 

2.8 

.100 

1188. 

•093 

1394- 

.086 

1616. 

.080 

1856. 

•075 

2III. 

3-0 

•  113 

1272. 

.105 

1493- 

.097 

1732. 

.091 

1988. 

.085 

2262. 

3-2 

.127 

1357- 

.117 

1593- 

.109 

1847- 

.102 

2121. 

•095 

2413. 

3-4 

.142 

1442. 

.131 

1692. 

.122 

1963. 

•113 

2253- 

.106 

2564. 

3-6 

•  157 

1527- 

•145 

1792. 

•135 

2078. 

.126 

2386. 

.118 

2714. 

3-8 

•173 

1612. 

.160 

1891. 

.148 

2194. 

.138 

2518. 

.130 

2865. 

4.0 

.190 

1696. 

•175 

1991. 

.163 

2309. 

.152 

2651. 

.142 

30l6. 

4.2 

.207 

1781. 

.191 

2091. 

.178 

2425. 

.166 

2783- 

•155 

3l67. 

4-4 

.226 

1866. 

.208 

2190. 

•193 

2540. 

.l8o 

2916. 

.169 

3318. 

4.6 

•  245 

I95I- 

.226 

2290. 

.210 

2655. 

.196 

3048. 

.183 

3468. 

4.8 

.264 

2036. 

•  244 

2389. 

.227 

2771. 

.211 

3l8l. 

.198 

3619. 

5-o 

.285 

2121. 

.263 

2489- 

.244 

2886. 

.228 

33I3- 

.214 

3770. 

5-2 

.306 

2205. 

.282 

2588. 

.262 

3002. 

•245 

3440. 

.229 

3921. 

5-4 

.328 

2290. 

.303 

2688. 

.281 

3117- 

.262 

3578. 

.246 

4072. 

5-6 

•351 

2375- 

•324 

2787- 

•  300 

3233- 

.280 

3711- 

.263 

4222. 

5-8 

•374 

2460. 

•345 

2887. 

•321 

3348. 

.299 

3844- 

.280 

4373- 

6.0 

-398 

2545- 

.368 

2986. 

•341 

3464. 

•319 

3976. 

.299 

4524. 

6.5 

.462 

2757- 

.426 

3235. 

.396 

3752. 

.369 

4307. 

.346 

4901. 

7.0 

•530 

2969. 

.489 

3484. 

•454 

4041. 

.424 

4639- 

.398 

5278. 

7-5 

.603 

3l8l. 

.557 

3733- 

.517 

4330. 

.482 

4970. 

•452 

5655. 

8.0 

.681 

3393- 

.628 

3982. 

.583 

4618. 

•544 

5301. 

.510 

6032. 

8-5 

.763 

3605. 

.704 

4231. 

.654 

4907. 

.6lO 

5633- 

.572 

6409. 

9.0 

.850 

3817- 

•784 

4480. 

.728 

5I95- 

.680 

5964. 

•637 

6786. 

9-5 

.941 

4029. 

.869 

4729. 

.807 

5484- 

•753 

6295. 

.706 

7163- 

IO.O 

1.037 

4241. 

•957 

4977- 

.889 

5773- 

.830 

6627. 

.778 

7540. 

This  information  replaces  that  on  pages  £86  to  288 


644            Discharging  Capacities  of  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

Relative  Discharging  Capacities  of  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

Relative  Discharge  Capacity  =  V  Inside  Diameter6 

Actual 
Internal 
Diameter 

.215 

.302 

•423 

.546 

.742 

.957 

Nominal 
Internal 
Diameter 

M 

K 

H 

$M$i  nr;  »•>, 

K 

K 

I 

y& 
y, 
y* 
y* 
x 

i 

iK 

m 

2 

2K 

ty 

4 
4K 
5 

6 
7 
8 
9 

10 

II 

12 
13 

14 
15 

I.OOO 

2.338 

5-42Q 

10.277 
22.127 

41.801 
86.145 
128.568 
192.792 
383-731 

668.188 
968.376 
1335.876 
1778.467 
2371.065 

3716.623 
5270.703 
7490.372 
10192.989 
13848.903 

17677.669 
22079.970 
28429.040 
34215.581 
40656.686 

I.OOO 

2.322 

4-395 
9.462 

17.876 
36.839 
54-981 
104.454 
164.094 

285.744 
414-117 
571.275 
760.547 
1013.963 

1589.378 
2253-965 
3203.187 
4358.914 
5922.351 

7559-686 
9442.288 
12157.407 
14631.966 
17372.154 

I.OOO 

1.893 

4-075 

7.699 
15.866 

23.680 
45-044 
70.676 

123.068 
178.357 

246.043 

327.561 
436.706 

684.532 
970.764 
1379.516 
1877.357 
2550.707 

3255.894 

4066.715 
5236.094 
6288.258 

7488.195 

I.OOO 

2.153 

4.067 
8.382 

12.510 

23.766 
37.337 

65.015 
94.223 
129.981 

173.046 
230.706 

361.629 
512.841 
728.816 
991.782 

I347-504 

1720.044 
2148.389 
2766.156 
3329-189 
3955-911 

I.OOO 

1.889 
3.893 
5.811 
11.039 

17.343 

30.198 
43.765 
60.374 

80.377 

107.159 

167.971 
238.207 
338.524 

460.668 

625.895 

798.935 
997.895 
1284.839 
1546.359 
1837.462 

¥4 

I.OOO 

2.061 

3.076 
5.843 

9.180 

15.985 

23.166 
31.958 
42.546 
56.723 

88.913 

126.091 
179-192 
243.847 
331.308 

422.903 
528.220 
680.107 

818.541 
972.631 

Nominal 
Internal 
Diameter 

1A 

Y* 

% 

K 

I 

•957 

Actual 
Internal 
Diameter 

.215 

.302 

.423 

.546 

.742 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  806  to  309 


Discharging  Capacities  of  Extra  Strong  Pipe            645 

Relative  Discharging  Capacities  of  Extra  Strong  Pipe     (Concluded) 
Relative  Discharge  Capacity  =  V  Inside  Diameter5 

Actual 
Internal 
Diameter 

1.278 

1.500 

1-939 

2.323 

2.900 

3.364 

3.826 

4.290 

4.813 

Nominal 
Internal 
Diamter 

I# 

iK 

2 

zy* 

3 

3M 

4 

4K 

iWfcl 

iX 

IK 

2 

2y2 

3 
3# 

|f 

6 
8 
9 

10 

ii 

12 

13 

14 
15 

1.  000 

1.492 

2.835 

4-454 

7-757 
11.241 
I5-507 
20.645 

27.524 
43-144 
61.184 
86.951 

118.323 
160.760 
205.208 
256.311 

330.013 
397.185 
471-955 

1.  000 

1.900 

2.985 

5.197 
7.532 

10.390 

•  13.833 
18.442 

28.908 
40.996 

58.260 

79.281 
107.717 
137.497 
171.738 

221.  121 

266.129 
316.228 

I.OOO 
I.57I 

2.736 
3.965 
5.469 
7.28l 

9.707 
I5.2I6 
21.578 
30.666 

4L73I 
56.698 
72.373 
90.396 

II6.390 
140.080 
166.450 

I.OOO 

1.741 
2.524 
3.481 
4-635 

6.179 
9.685 
13.735 
19-520 

26.563 

36.090 

46.068 
57.401 

73.421 
89.166 

105.951 

I.OOO 

1.449 
1.999 
2.662 

3.548 
5.562 

7-888 

II.  210 

15.255 
20.726 
26.456 
33-045 

42.546 

51.206 

60.846 

I.OOO 

1.380 

L837 

2.448 
3-838 
5-443 
7-735 

10.526 
14-301 
18.255 
22.801 

29-357 
35-333 
41.984 

I.OOO 

I-33I 

1-775 
2.782 
3-945 
5-607 

7-630 
10.367 
13-233 
16.528 

21.281 
25-613 
30-434 

I.OOO 

1-333 

2.089 
2.964 
4.212 

5.731 
7.787 
9.940 
12.415 

15-985 
19.239 
22.860 

I.OOO 

1.567 
2.223 
3.159 

4.299 
5.841 
7.456 
9.312 

11.990 
14.430 
17.176 

Actual 
Internal 
Diameter 

5.76i 

6.625 

7-625 

8.625 

9.750 

10.750 

11.750 

13.000 

14.000 

15.000 

Nominal 
Internal 
Diameter 

6 

7 

{ 

9 

14 

15 

6 
7 
8 
9 

10 

ii 

12 
13 

14 
15 

1.  000 

1.418 
2.015 
2.743 

3.726 
4.756 
5.941 
7.649 

9.206 

10.939 

I.OOO 

1.421 

1.934 

2.715 
3.354 
4.189 

5-394 

6.492 
7.7U 

I.OOO 

1.361 
1.849 

2.360 

2.948 
3.795 

4.568 
5.428 

I.OOO 

1.359 
1.734 

2.166 

2.789 

3-357 
3-989 

I.OOO 

1.276 

1.594 
2.053 

2.471 
2.936 

I.OOO 

1.248 
1.518 

1.827 
2.171 

I.OOO 

1.287 

1-549 
1.841 

I.OOO 

1.204 

1.430 

I.OOO 

1.188 

I.OOO 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  806  to 


646      Discharging  Capacities  of  Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe 


Relative  Discharging  Capacities  of  Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

Relative  Discharge  Capacity  =  V  Inside  Diameter • 


Actual 
Internal 
Diameter 

.252 

•434 

-599 

.896 

i 

1.  100 

1-503 

>,n 

Nominal 
Internal 
Diameter 

K 

K 

i 

-K 

'•{' 

2 

/2 

| 

I.OOO 

3.892 

I  OOO 







i 

8.711 

2.238 

I.OOO 



1  % 

23.838 

6.124 

2-737 

I.OOO 

iK 

39.809 

10  227 

I.67O 

I.OOO 

2 

86.875 

22.319 

9  973 

3.044 

2.182 

I.OOC 

2K 

3 

f 
4K 
5 

si£$ 

130.932 
251.662 

385.576 
553.304 
760.687 
1043.796 

1664.653 
2624.329 

3887.589 

33.637 
64.654 

99-057 
142.148 
195-427 
268.157 

427.662 
674.210 

998.751 

15-031 
28.890 

44-236 
63-518 
103-795 
119.826 

191.099 
301.268 
446.287 

5-493 
10-557 

16.175 
23.211 
31.911 
43-787 

69-832 

110.057 
163.084 

3-030 
6.352 

9.686 

13.899 

19.108 
26.220 

41.817 
65-923 

97.656 

1.507 
2.897 

4.438 
6.369 

8.756 

12.015 

19.161 
30.208 
44-749 

I.OOO 

1.922 

2-945 
4-226 
5.8io 
7.972 

11.529 
20.043 
29.692 

OQQ  .  T 

;•.  » 

Actual 

Internal 
Diameter 

2.300 

2.728 

3.152 

3-580 

4-063 

4.897 

5.875 

6.875 

Nominal 

3 

4K 

6 

Internal 

s*f 

4 

5 

7 

8 

Diameter 

3 

I.OOO 

3^ 

1.5 

0 

I.OOO 

4 

2.199 

1.435 

I.OOO 

4K 

3.023 

1.973 

1.375 

I.OOO 

5 

4.148 

2.707 

1.886 

1.372 

I.OOO 

6 

6.615 

4-317 

3.009 

1.993 

1.523 

I.OOO 

8 

10.428 

15.448 

6.806 

10.083 

4-390 
7.026 

3.450 

S-ni 

2.474 
3-724 

1.577 

2-335 

I.OOO 

1.481 

I.OOO 

;  „  . 

...ooo.i  LLOS.Z    oi.?.i 

;.Ot.5 

dOE.O    !                1.1 

• 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  306  to  309 


Gas  Quantities,  Feed  Pipe  Sizes,  etc.,  for  Gas  Engines    647 


^Quantity  of  Gas,  Size  of  Feed  Pipes,  etc.,  Required  for  Gas  Engines 
Table  showing  approximate  discharge  of  gas  of  0.6  specific  gravity  in  r  inch 
straight  pipe,  for  various  lengths,  in  cubic  feet  per  hour,  at  the  pressure  of  4  oz. 
equal  to  6.9  inches  water  at  the  intake  and  3.7  oz.  equal  to  6.4  inches  water  at 
discharge  end. 


Length  of 
pipe  in  feet 

Cubic  feet 
per  hour 

Length  of 
pipe  in  feet 

Cubic  feet  j|     Length  of 
per  hour     .    pipe  in  feet 

Cubic  feet 
per  hour 

50 

350 

600 

102                   1600 

62 

IOO 

24? 

700 

95                     1800 

58 

150 

203 

800 

88                   2000 

55 

200 

175 

900 

83                    2500 

50 

250 

152 

IOOO 

76                   3000 

~47lv  i 

300 

143 

I  IOO 

73                    3500 

42 

350 

136 

1200 

71                    4000 

•I-  IJ4QO  '- 

400 

124 

1300 

68                   4500 

37 

450 

H5 

I4OO 

66                   5000 

35 

500 

no 

1500 

64                    5280 

34 

For  siies  other  than  one-inch,  use  table  below. 
Multipliers  for  Diameters  Other  than  One  Inch 


Size  pipe,  inches 

& 

TT-rpr-i 

iJ< 

iK 

2 

fj$ 

3 

Multipliers   .      ,     ^.  ;"^<C 

.181 

I  OO 

i  80 

2  93 

5  92 

10  60 

16 

| 

Size  pipe,  inches 

•v  6^6. 

5 

6 

8 

10 

12 

15 

Multipliers  

34-10 

60.0 

05-o 

198.0 

350.0 

556.0 

863.0 

Example:  Suppose  that  a  gas  engine  400  feet  away  from  the  main  line  carrying 
4  oz.  pressure  requires  350  cubic  feet  per  hour,  by  inspection  of  the  above  table 
it  will  be  found  that  one  inch  pipe  under  like  conditions  will  deliver  124  cubic  feet, 

350   -7^124   =   2.8o.  t*^*». 

By  inspection  of  the  table  it  will  be  seen  that  1^2  inch  is  2.93  greater  in  capacity 
than  one  inch  and  is,  therefore,  nearest  to  the  required  size. 

Gas  engines  of  the  type  used  for  pumping  oil  wells  consume  from  twelve  to 
thirteen  cubic  feet  of  gas  per  horse  power  per  hour.  Larger  engines  for  commercial 
purposes  require  less  gas,  about  nine  to  eleven  cubic  feet  per  horse  power 
per  hour. 

Ten  and  one-half  cubic  feet  of  air  are  necessary  for  the  combustion  of  one 
cubic  foot  of  gas. 

Comparison  of  Fuel  per  Horse  Power  per  Hour  for  Gas, 
Gasoline  and  Steam  Engines 


.  '    O   Q  O   5V  ' 

Gas  at  2sc 
per  1000  ft. 

Gasoline  at  i£C 
per  gallon 

Coal  at  $2.50 
per  ton 

Cubic 
•feet 

Cost  in 
cents 

Gallons 

Cost  in 
cents 

Pounds 

Cost  in 

cents 

Commercial  gas  engine 
Oil   country   style   gas 
engine  

9 

13 
40 
80 
130 

225 
•325 
i. 

2. 

3.25 

I/I2 
I/IO 

1.25 
15 

4 
8 
13 

'5 
i 

1-63 

Steam  engine  with  cut 
off  
i    Steam  engine   without 
cut  off  
Oil  country  style  steam 
engine 

*From  page  602  catalog  No.  20.  National  Supply  Company,  Pittsburgh,  Pa.,  used 
with  their  permission. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  31$  to  325 


648        Circumferences,  Areas,  Surfaces  —  Standard  Pipe 

till 

u  o 

I 

UH 

to  a  O  O   'tOO   to  fO  fO  to  O>  to  N    OOO    •*  to  XOOO    -^  to  toO  to  •*  «0  3  »OOO    to  HI  00 
toOO  O    O   fOM   t^pr,Hi    1^.  tovo    HI   «OOOO    M   HI   to  O>O  OO«MlotoTJ'OOOO'f«O> 

fOOO   to  t^  r-vO   O>  to  •*  <o  HI   M   HI 

itpo 

Length  of  pipe 
per  square  foot 

Internal 
surface 

1 

O>fOtoMiOMto«sir»fo  tOO  OO   to\O    Oi  to  fOOO   to  rtO    HI   to  lOOO  OO  OO    O   to  N    O> 

jdrivd  4«'cJ«  M'«  M  M 

External 
surface 

I 

^^^a^SsS^^s^s^a^l^^^j?^?^^^^^^ 

Transverse  area 

li 

a 

Ss**Slfig21l5i8i«HSS?^ISS»&lll= 

"rt 

c 

cr 
in 

O   M    M   to  lOOO    •*  O   fO  to  POOO   toOOOOtow    Oto  lOO  00    O  OO    O  00    ^fO    ^OO    O> 

MWNNfolol"vooooo"c>«--  —  --- 

External 

cr 

IT. 

2  ?!  3£8  ^5555^&5a^«  ^^^^^^^^S^^t? 

M.^to^to^tooaoo.cjjojooc.toj- 

Circumference 

Internal 

1 

COwiOCfcffttoO^f  ^O  MOMOOOOtOOOOOO^to  OO  O   to  O>  O  O  <s 

-...^to^totO-O^^^totovg 

External 

1 

^^2vo5^H?s^^?.§;^^R^^o"o'^{o^j:5>o"o>S2vS^^ 

MH.MMMC.^^c.totoco^ro^^^^trvo^O 

il 

1 

m»*8«SWtiS*MSCS««SftRKERm 

Diameter 

Internal 

1 

Iffl^ffllllfl^p^l'lllllllll'lf 

' 

External 

I 

^^ootS>^ll^§)8a8vaovSvSvS^S^JC^^^^8§§888 

J 
to 

qoq 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4W  to  459->\m  \ 


Circumferences,  Areas,  Surfaces  —  Extra  Strong  Pipe      64 

Circumferences,  Transverse  Areas  and  Surfaces  for  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

bO^j 

c?'3,'e3  3 

8  c 

1 

CO  O   O  t-O   COO  t^O  OMWtowiOTl-r^TtiOO  f»00  to  10  to 
cOWOqOiHC>jTtr>.  OOO   CN  "?  O  O  to  M  M   -sj-  O  to  co  O  OOO 

OM<NMCOOMCO^tCO<NI-IH 
O  O    O  O    CO  CM    M 

Length  of  pipe 
per  square  foot 

Internal 
surface 

| 

OOO   O  "">  t^  H  00  O   O^J-l--  tOCO   O   co  COO   ONMtOtOcONTj- 
O   ^  co  O*  rj-  QvOO   rJ-O   ^t  M   co  O  O  OO  t^O   rfO>O<N   Ot>.tO 

t>j.  N    0*0    lOfO(N<NMMMH 

External 
surface 

1 

^oo^vo  08,00  ^  o  ooo"°,o  ^°5^^^°^J??? 

Transverse  area 

1 
1 

| 

O   H   N   CO  -*O  OOO-'twOOrti-iHTtHt^cOHOMWt^.co 

Internal 

c 

i 

O   O»  M   rf-cOOcOt^  COOO  «OOO  t^  «O  T}-  t>.  N   COO   01   co  ^J-  N  CO  to 
cOt->rtCOCOMOOO   tocOOCO    OtO  OO   t^O    CN  O  O   CO  CO  CO  M 

M   W   N    Tj-O  00   M   Tt-00  O    •*  lOOO    Tfr  O  CO   «S    COO 
M    H    M    M 

i2-eo<t 
External 

.3 
61 

C/3 

O  OOO   Tj-O  CO^ttoONHO^J-  too   c*  TfO   O   co  ^fO  OO  to  cs 
W   W  10  too  lOO   cocOOMO   O  COO  t>-O   WOO   cOl-cOnO 
H  w  co  tOOO   co  M  OO   •<*  ^l-O  to  OO  co  *tO   -«t  l>  l^  -*O   O  t^  O 

*                  ^MMHHC* 

Circumference 

Internal 

<s 

MH         CO^^O         »0HJ?MOOOwe|OcO(0^5^ 

External 

1 

t-OW   COOCOHOO   CO  OO   COO  t^-w   lOOcot^H  lOOO   W  O 

l! 

1 

8 

l-l 

O*H   M   t-l   ^^72^01   N   crcOCOCOCOCOTl-lOtOlOiOlOiOlOlOlO 

s 

Q 

Internal 

1 

to  w  coo   N  t^CO  O  O  f)  O  TtO  OfOHiOiOioOOOOOO 

w  co^ttot^oc^toocoo  coco  N  co  t^-o  oor>.*^t^qqq 

External 

1 

3 

rj-  too  CO  O  coO  O  coco  to  O  to  o  >oO  OOO  r^t^r^o  O  O 

1 

XX^XiS   XX   X   X   X 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  419  to  459 


650  Circumferences,  Areas,  Surfaces  —  Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

*iil  1  engtS^fcf  I't.j.  'Sis  >.  '."•'.  ;:'d3fc  : 
a  Strong  Pipe 

?*  :' 

6S 
5G 

o  o                     w 

Length  of  pipe 
per  square  foot 

C3  y    :     +•>      1        to  O  t^-O        t-»  rf  tovo        O  H  vo  rf-      OO  to  to 
"tS1      jj             MOQcOvN        ^VOHO        ^(NOO       r-^vo  xo 

aS  !  ^        S000*     ^""M     WHM 

1 

"3    0)     '•''    OC't'jM    OO  fv 
SO           *J                tN.  t^  •*  H          OOOOOM          M-00   fO^O        vo    O    <N 
cS           4)               rj-POOO         i-(O<NO\        to  ^vo  OO         t-.  O   ^t1 

J^r-J            fi(                    ^.^^^J            CSHMH 

W  w 

^   '<*•  •--    1        rj                  ^^  °    ^          ^^  °0^>           HHOO           l^lOtt 

-opo  ;  --loo  .  20-5Q.2  ,  *\Mit  3QI-OQS  ..il^:liE._.n^ 
Ii2  i23"£)3g  3j 

li'OC"'  tf?-^?  'd1^  V'  I'Svii'S  51 

Circumferences,  Transverse  Areas  and  Surfaces  for  Double  Extr 

i 
\ 

I 

I 

K 

^OJ 

1 

U 

^          cr                 HW      H(M4iovo'oo'dH      looo  H 

CR                  C/2                                                                                                                       M            M    M    <N 

-      §1'^             P1^1^10.        <?t7''th1      ^^^^      °9  ^J  ^ 

H                 C^                                                                                                MMM.            CO^^O 

P<             %            b\vO  OOH       IOINOCH       t^O  rj-vo      GO  to  o 

V                O                 t^^OOOOO          -3-t^ioN          tOOCSt^         CO'tto 

•*-•           'fl                           HM<N            CO^lOt^odOiHW            lOOO    M 
^                  £                                                                                                              H    H            H    M    C* 

'  ^3   '    rv  ' 
2              en              O\V>MIO        ONi-iWvO       O  t^-oo  r--        co  to\O 

S^                                                                                        HHMMWMC^C, 

H 

|    :  |     HH  1?  SI  H^S  IH 

C              0)              cs   ^t  OO        OcOwO       OOiNOco       t-»ioto 
C       i    .fl            toco^O*       OOt^O        cs  toco  vo        o  t*»  t^ 

O          )        O                  M    T}-  lOOO           MlOt^CO          1--H1OO         OOOOOO 

g!^                                                          MWHN            NCOCO'^'j-  tO>O 

C5             ^             OO>oO        OtotoO        OOOcO       toioto 
4)                y              CO    O   COVO         O>  COCO   »O        O   »O  O   to       vo  vo  vo 

PW 

(^                                             !             M\C^            *^            h^S.            M\                       >^            l^J. 

:  .  —  

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  419  to  459 


Circumferences,  Areas,  Surfaces  —  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues    65  1 

|  Circumferences,  Transverse  Areas  and  Surfaces  for  Standard  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues 

Length 
of  tube 
containing 
one  cu.  ft. 

1 

j     O   »O  lOCO          O  O   t^  N          M    ^  t^O          CO  H   t^vo         W    Tt"O   Ov        to  't  t»« 
]     ^O   OO        O\  O*  co  to      CO  O  coco        O  M  M  10        O»  **•  t>»O         O  t*»O 

Transverse  area  Length  of  tube 

!i 

d 

5* 

COO^co      CO   co  Ov  M       CO  co  cs   CM        co  CN  CO  W       CO   M   O   "f        «fOt^ 

3^ 

^MM            MMHH            MH           ^^Q^8^[ 

j  i  per  squ 
External  Internal  !  Metal 
External 

tf 
.a 

cr 

C/3 

d 

cr 

in 

d 

M   O^O   "*       co  ot   H   O         O  OvOO  «>•      Oio-^rJ-        «O«O«ON        «(N« 

-tOitCCh        •*  O   O   *fr      CO  t^CO  O        IOCOHCO       COnCOW         't'^co 
OvO   rt  M         O   O^CO  t^       \O   W   co  >O        N   Tj-vO  CO         ^  lO^O   ^        M   O>  rf 

Ht-^rOO^        cOt^MTt-        t^.  COO  t^-        •*  •*  O   N         OCO   N   O>        «   N   M 

°MO;§       &0  c?0         g'^avO        «^vg        Soo£        S"^ 

H    H    M    H            01    CO  tOO           t>-  O»  H    fO          »O  t^   O 

1  1  i  4.  1  t  y  '    y     •'>''     "          T 

Circumference 

Internal 

1 

1 

M            H    H    M    M            M    <N    CS    N            COCOCOCO          3"  ^§- 

External 

1 

I 

OOO  Oio       COCIHO      COOCOO        toOcoi^        HtoO1*      CO«O 

100  t>>t^»    co^dd      MN^IO    COM  toco      H  »j-  1>.  d      to  t^  o 

Thickness 

6 
1 

«otoioo\       OO>OO        O"t  -^-QO        to  to  to  O       co  O  O^CO       co  O*  O 

Diameter 

Internal 

till  HI!  RS»2  Illl  HH  HI 

MHNoI        WcJcocO       cocO^f^       toO  t^CO        O>  O  M  «        to  ^  10 

External 

1 

X   \\   \   \\    V   \ 

.  .        

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  419  to  459 


652                            Metric  Conversion  Tables 

Metric  Conversion  Tables 

Pounds  per  Linear  Foot  to  Kilos  per  Linear  Meter 

Lbs. 

„,. 

per 

10 

20 

30 

40 

50 

60 

70 

80 

90 

foot 

w    DC 

••>    -X  V 

,;-•      ft  C* 

Kilos  per  Meter 

0 

i 

2 

3 

14.882 
16.370 
17.858 
19-347 

29.764 
3L252 
32.740 
34-229 

44.645 
46.133 
47.621 
49.110 

59.527  74-409 
61.015175.897 
62.503177.385 
63.992178.874 

89.291 
90.779 
92.267 
93-756 

104.172 
105.660 
107.148 

108.637 

119.054 
120.542 
122.030 
123.519 

I33.936 
I35-424 
136.912 
138.401 

1.4882 
2.9764 

4.4645 

4 

5-9527 

20.835 

35-717 

50.598 

65.480 

80.362 

95.244 

110.125 

125.007 

139-889 

i    6 

7.4409 
8.9291 

22.323 
23.8II 

37-205 
38.693 

52.086 
53-574 

66.968 
68.456 

81.850 
83-338 

96.732  111.613 
98.220  113.101 

126.495 
127.983 

141.377 
142.865 

7 

10.4172 

25.299 

4O.l8l 

55-062 

69.944 

84.826 

99.708 

114.589 

129.471 

144.353 

$£ 

11.9054 
I3-3936 

26.787 
28.276 

41.669 
43.158 

56.550 
58.039 

71.432 
72.921 

86.314 
87.803 

101.196 
102.685 

116.077 
117.566 

130.959 
132.448 

145-841 
147.330 

Kilos  per  Linear  Meter  to  Pounds  per  Linear  Foot 

D 

Kilos 

60 

80 

2    :  5. 

metei 

b  **  ** 

Pounds  per  foot 

o 

6.720 

13-439 

20.159 

26.879 

33.598 

40.318 

47.037 

53-757 

60.477 

i 

0.6720 

7-392 

I4.III 

20.831 

27-551 

34.270 

40.990 

47.709 

54-429 

61.149 

2 

1-3439 

8.064 

14783  21.503 

28.223  34-942 

41.662 

48.381 

55-101 

61.821 

3 

4 
5 

2.0159 
2.6879 
3-3598 

8.736 
9.408 
IO.O80 

I5.455J22.I75 
I6.I27  22.847 
16.799  23.519 

28.895 
29-567 
30.239 

35-614 
36.286 
36.958 

42.334 
43.006 
43.678 

49.053 
49.725 
50.397 

55-773 
56.445 
57-117 

62.493 
63-165 
63-837 

6 

4.0318 

10.752 

17.471 

24.191 

30.911 

37-630 

44-350 

51.069 

57-789 

64.509 

J! 

9 

4.7037 
5-3757 
6.0477 

11.424 
I2.O96 
12.768 

18.143 
I8.8I5 
19.487 

24.863 
25-535 
26.207 

31-583 
32.255 
32.927 

38.302   45.022 
38.974   45-694 
39.646;  46.366 

51.741 
52.413 
53.085 

58.461 
59-133 
59-805 

65.181 
65-853 
66.525 

lie!!    iri^o,     ~J«0.|^ 

-l£! 

S  5&S&E  : 

1  w      .  B         § 

z%?  ffssi  fc#si;«? 

M 

ft£     R**"'      -"^•"     l&-     ^         & 
ItS 

,.-... 

tr&d 

CJT 

-  — 

o  ^  >     <*  *»  o  •**     o  &  o  o  •"'  i£  w  «£•  o  <•'  ©  6-  * 

O'  Co  O         W't*   O^       "t*  n*  «r>  -J        O 

en  4»  o*      w  I-*  b  <©      bc«br  o'fu     t 

M    M    H            M    M    M    . 

£                                            £«« 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  460  to  476 


Metric  Conversion  Tables                           65; 

Metric  Conversion  Tables  (Concluded) 
Pounds  per  Square  Inch  to  Kilograms  per  Square  Millimeter 

Lbs. 
per 
square 
inch 

1  0000 

7.030 

7-733 
8.436 
9-139 
9.842 
10-545 
11.248 
11.952 
12.655 
13.358 

2  OOOO 

30000 

40000 

50000 

60000 

70000 

80000 

90000 

63.280 
63-983 
64.686 
65-389 
66.092 
66.795 
67-498 

68.202 

68.905 
69.608 

;     OOOO 
1000 
2OOO 
3000 
4OOO 
SOOO 
6000 
700O 
8000 
9000 

0.703 

1.406 

2.IOQ 
2.812 
3-5I5 
4.218 
4.Q22 
5.625 
6.328 

Kil 

14.060 
14-763 
15-466 
16.169 
16.872 
17-575 
18.278 
18.982 
19.685 
20.388 

os  per 
21.090 
21.793 
22.496 
23.199 
23.902 
24.605 
25.308 
26.012 
26.715 
27-418 

square 
28.120 
28.823 
29-526 
30.229 
30-932 
3I.635 
32.338 
33-042 
33-745 
34.448 

;  millim 
35.150 
35-853 
36-556 
37.259 
37-962 
38.665 
39-368 
40.072 
40-775 
41.478 

eter 

42.180 
42.883 
43-586 
44.289 
44.992 
45-695 
46.398 
47.102 
47-805 
48.508 

49.220 
49.923 
50.626 
51-329 
52.032 
52.375 
53.438 
54-142 
54-845 
55.548 

56.250 
56.953 
57-656 
58.359 
59-062 
59-765 
60.468 
61.172 
61.875 
62.578 

•njsrf'jsm  anivhb  yusioi  yd  bsgBsna  ei  jfirf}  sqiq  qbj  sriT  —  .^il  V**tx)  50  ^"nO 
Kilograms  per  Square  Millimeter  to  Pounds  per  Square  Inch 

Kilos 
per 
square 
milli- 
meter 

10 

20 

30 

40 

So 

60 

7o 

80 

90 

128009 
129431 
130854 
132276 
133698 
135121 
I36S43 
137965 
139387 
140810 

0 

i 

2 

3 

4 

6 

8 
9 

1422 
2845 
4267 
5689 
7112 
8534 
9956 
II378 
I280I 

14223 
15645 
17068 
18490 
19912 
21335 
22757 
24179 
25601 

I 

28446 
29868 
31291 
32713 
34135 
35558 
36980 
38402 
39824 
41247 

ounds 

42670 
44092 
45515 
46937 
48359 
49782 
51204 
52626 
54048 
55471 

per  sq 
56893 
58315 
59738 
61160 
62582 
64005 
65427 
66849 
68271 
69694 

lare  in< 
71116 
72538 
7396i 
75383 
76805 
78228 
79650 
81072 
82494 
83917 

-h 

85339 
86761 
88184 
89606 
91028 
92451 
93873 
95295 
96717 
98140 

99563 
100985 
102408 
103830 
105252 
106675 
108097 
109519 
110941 
112364 

13786 
15208 
16631 
18053 
19475 
20898 
22320 
23742 
25164 
126587 

This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  //60  to  476 


654 


Glossary  of  Terms — Definitions 


Page  478 

/.  P.  S.  —  Iron  Pipe  Size.  This  term  is  misleading,  inasmuch  as  it  is 
used  in  the  fittings  trade  to  indicate  valves  and  fittings  threaded  for 
wrought  pipe  sizes  (either  iron  or  steel)  . 


-  ;  itom 

Page  485 

Companion  Flange.  —  A  flange  suited  to  connect  with  a  fitting,  valve,  etc 
Unless  otherwise  specified,  to  be  faced  only  and  threaded  to  screw  on 
pipe,  and  conforming  with  the  American  Standard.  When  specified 
to  be  drilled,  the  drilling  will  conform  to  the  same  standard  unless 
otherwise  specified. 


r> 

page  493 


X-.       *?.{.«'  ,  |As  t\&d:i  ] 


Grip  or  Grief  Pipe.  —  The  top  pipe  that  is  engaged  by  rotary  driving  mechan- 
ism to  stand  the  severe  strain  of  driving  a  rotary  drilling  stem. 


Page  504 

Rose  Head. — A  sprinkler  nozzle 


OEE.S8 


•JtfilJpa  13<|  250004 


' 

..      :fcsij     -o 


This  information  supplements  that  on  pages  4W  to  516 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  655 


PUBLICATIONS  OF  NATIONAL  TUBE  COMPANY 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETINS 


"NATIONAL"  Bulletins  form  an  easily  accessible  source  of  the  latest 
information  regarding  "NATIONAL"  Tubular  and  allied  products, 
because  the  Bulletins  are  sent  free  on  request  to  anyone  interested  in  these 
and  like  subjects.  While  each  "NATIONAL"  Bulletin  is  complete  in 
itself,  yet  various  phases  of  the  same  subject  may  be  treated  in  separate 
Bulletins,  and  therefore  two  or  more  may  be  necessary  to  secure  the 
complete  information.  For  instance:  the  subjects  of  Corrosion,  Durability 
and  Spellerizing  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  are  contained  in  more  than  one 
Bulletin. 

The  titles  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  and  their  numbers  are  given 
below: 

*.  ?  iDtosbairjinMC) LsibrtsO''" 
"NATIONAL"  BULLETINS  !nibJma  sgiaJ  nl 

No.  i — Some  Recent  Developments  in  Testing  Boiler  Tubes. 

No.  2 — Corrosion  of  Hot-Water  Piping  in  Bath  Houses. 

No.  3— The  Durability  of  Welded  Pipe  in  Service. 

No.  4— Corrosion  of  Boiler  Tubes. 

No.  5 — "NATIONAL"  Pipe  for  Refrigerating  Systems.      O^3&&$1 

No.    6 — 'Pipe  Threading  Dies. 

..-_    _    ^  ,,  _,       .    ,.       __  ,  i.IT/VW     03  /:••;.(;! 

No.    7— "N.  T.  C.     Regrmdmg  Valves. 

No.    8-"NATIONAL"  Coating. 

No.    9-Some  Tests  of  "  KEWANEE"  Unions. 

No.  10 — The  Relative  Corrosion  of  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe  as  Found  in  Service. 

No.  ii — History,  Characteristics  and  The  Advantages  of  "NATIONAL" 

Pipe. 

No.  1 2— Characteristics  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe. 
No.  13— "N.  T.  C."  Iron  Body  Brass  Mounted  Wedge  Gate  Valves. 
No.  14— "NATIONAL"  Tubular  Steel  Poles. 
No.  15— "NATIONAL"  Pipe  for  Drilling  Purposes. 
No.  16— "NATIONAL"  Stationary  and  Marine  Boiler  Tubes. 
No.  17 — The  Manufacture  and  Use  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubing. 
No.  1 8— "NATIONAL"  Reamed  arid  Drifted  Pipe. 
No.  19 — List  of  Products. 

No.  20— Index  for  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  i  to  20. 
No.  21— "NATIONAL"  Bedstead  Tubing. 
No.  22— "NATIONAL"  Pipe  for  Railway  Signal  Service. 
No.  23— "NATIONAL"  Dry  Kiln  Pipe. 
No.  24— The  Rise  of  Steel  Pipe. 
No.  25— "NATIONAL"  Pipe  in  Large  Buildings. 
No.  26 — Autogenous  Welding  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe. 


656 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


BOILER  TUBES,  "NATIONAL" 

Nos. 

Corrison  Data.  .  .  .?F.IT.?. ...   4 

General  Data 1 6 

Physical  Tests,  •^^^^f .•  .1.16 

Specifications »'  •  •'  JL< 

Spellerizing . .  . .  ,.,. » .. ,  f  3 ......  1 6 

PIPE,  "NATIONAL" 

Autogenous  Welding  of 26 

Coating  for  Pipe 8 

Dry  Kiln ,  .-PJ£tW4  . . ...  23 

Durability  (inc.  Corrosion)   2, 

3,  4,  5,  10,  ii,  12 

For  Drilling  Purposes 15 

For  Refrigerating  Systems. .  5,  11 
General  Characteristics  ...11,12 

In  Large  Buildings 25 

Marking  "NATIONAL" 

Pipe ii 

Reamed  and  Drifted 18 

Signal  Pipe 22 

Spellerizing 11,12 


NATIONAL"  Bulletin  Summary 

PIPE,  "NATIONAL" 


Nos 

Threading 

The  Rise  of  Steel  Pipe 2 

POLES,    "NATIONAL"    TUBU 
LAR  STEEL i 

PRODUCTS,  LIST  OF i 


TUBING— "NATIONAL"    BED 
STEAD .?_'_!,  ' 


TUBING— "SHELBY"  SEAM- 
LESS  i 


UNIONS,  "KEWANEE". 


VALVES 


;IO8 — I      .oVl 


Gate ^Q  ,-T : 

"N.  T.  C."  Regrinding 


INDEX  FOR  "NATIONAL"  BULLETINS  NOS.  i  TO  20 2. 

In  addition  to  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins,  this  Company  also  publishe 
from  time  to  time  other  types  of  informatory  literature  (see  list  following' 
which  may  also  be  secured  free  of  charge  on  request  by  those  whose  letter 
head  or  activities  would  indicate  a  legitimate  use.  There  is  one  exception 
only,  THE  BOOK  OF  STANDARDS,  for  which  there  will  be  a  charg* 
of  two  dollars. 

"NATIONAL"  Pipe 

MODERN  WELDED  PIPE.  Book  of  32  pages  (7^x8^),  profusely 
illustrated  with  nearly  thirty  halftone  and  line  engravings;  also  descrip 
tion  of  the  manufacture,  properties  and  durability  of  "NATIONAL* 
Pipe.  There  are  various  tables  covering  summary  of  results  of  investiga 
tions  on  the  comparative  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel  in  actual  service,  with 
many  conclusive  opinions  from  experts  who  have  conducted  numerous 
searching  investigations  and  tests.  (Edition  exhausted;  another  being 
prepared.) 

STANDARD  BUNDLING  SCHEDULE  FOR  "NATIONAL"  PIPE 
Card  (6x6^4,  folded  to  3x6^),  2  illustrations.  Contains  table  showing 
number  of  pieces  per  bundle,  average  length  and  average  weight  of  Stand 
ard  "NATIONAL"  Pipe,  "NATIONAL"  Extra  Strong  Pipe,  and 
"NATIONAL"  Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe;  sizes  yi  inch  to  i*4  inch 
inclusive. 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  657 


"NATIONAL"  Pipe— Continued 

STRUCTURAL  DIFFERENCES.  Circular,  single  sheet  (8#xn), 
lustrated  with  two  micro-photographs  showing  the  structure  of 
NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  wrought  iron  pipe.  The  description  proves  conclu- 
ively,  when  compared  with  the  photographs,  that  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 

homogeneous,  or  uniform  in  structure,  while  wrought  iron  pipe  is  hetro- 
eneous,  or  non-uniform.  A  list  of  the  advantages  of  "NATIONAL" 
e  is  also  included. 

NATIONAL"  PIPE.  Circular,  single  sheet  (8Kxn),  contains  brief 
xplanation  of  the  process  of  Spellerizing,  and  the  special  advantages  to 
he  smaller  sizes  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  (4  inches  and  under)  of  this  roll- 
nobbling  process,  to  which  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  ONLY  is  subjected, 
f  pipe  is  not  "NATIONAL"  it  is  NOT  Spellerized. 

FROM  ORE  TO  FINISHED  "NATIONAL"  PIPE.  Folder,  8  pages 
KXII),  6  illustrations.  Contains  description  of  three  reels  of  motion 
ictures  showing  the  manufacture  of  "NATIONAL"  Modern  Welded 
*ipe.  ^jfj*  indtimteitin  anoiftkii  5  jess^fl^SSaQ'J^TJimVTi. 
FROM  ORE  TO  FINISHED  "NATIONAL"  PIPE.  Booklet,  12 
ages  (4^x9^)  and  cover,  n  illustrations.  In  addition  to  brief  descrip- 
ion  of  the  motion  pictures  showing  the  manufacture  of  "NATIONAL" 
Modern  Welded  Pipe,  this  booklet  contains  short  explanatory  articles  on 
he  butt-weld  and  lap-weld  processes  of  making  pipe  and  the  subject  of 
>ipe  Threading;  also  excerpts  from  the  writings  of  several  recognized 
uthorities  on  the  relative  durability  of  steel  and  wrought  iron  pipe,  con- 
luding  with  a  summary  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins,  Nos.  i  to  19,  in- 
lusive. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  n— HISTORY,  CHARACTER- 
STICS  AND  THE  ADVANTAGES  OF  "NATIONAL"  PIPE  (48  pages, 
3  halftones,  57  zinc  etchings).  This  Bulletin  contains  interesting  informa- 
ion  relative  to  the  history  of  pipe  and  its  manufacture  with  particular 
eference  to  "NATIONAL"  Pipe,  together  with  authenticated  data  on 
ervice  tests.  The  text  is  arranged  under  the  following  heads:  A  Short 
listory  of  Pipe  and  Early  Methods  of  Manufacturing,  First  American 
>ipe  Furnaces,  History  of  National  Tube  Company,  Material  for  Pipe, 
The  First  Steel  Pipe,  Pipe  Threading,  Spellerizing  "NATIONAL"  Pipe, 
ull  Standard  Weight  Pipe  Only  Manufactured,  The  Continuous  Uni- 
ormity  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe,  Physical  Properties,  Remarkable  Ductility 
f  "NATIONAL"  Pipe,  Bursting  Pressure,  The  Inspection  and  Tests  of 
NATIONAL"  Pipe,  Changes  in  the  Tubular  Industry,  "NATIONAL" 
>ipe  for  Refrigerating  Systems,  Corrosion  of  Pipe  in  Hot  Water  Systems, 
Nhe  Design  of  Hot  Water  Supply  Systems  to  Minimize  Corrosion,  Corro- 
ion  of  Pipe  in  Coal  Mines,  Corrosion  of  Pipe  in  General  Service,  Corrosion 
f  Pipe  in  Green  House  Service,  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines,  Cor- 
osion  of  Pipe  in  Boiler  Feed-water  Service,  Relative  Corrosion  of  Iron 
\  nd  Steel  Pipe  for  Plumbing  Service,  A  Summary  of  Results  of  Investiga- 


658  Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


"NATIONAL"  Pipe— Continued 

tions  of  the  Corrosion  of  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe  in  Actual  Service,  Corrosion 
of  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe  Under  Atmospheric  Conditions,   Diagrammati 
Representations   of   the    Merits   of    "NATIONAL"    Pipe   compared    to 
Wrought  Iron  and  Ordinary  Steel  Pipe  with  references,  and  a  summarized 
list  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  i  to  23,  inclusive. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  12— CHARACTERISTICS  OF 
"NATIONAL"  PIPE  (20  pages,  7  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains 
a  summary  of  information  in  regard  to  "NATIONAL"  Pipe.  The  data 
is  supplied  under  the  following  headings:  Steel  Pipe,  Uniformity,  Physical 
Properties,  Chemical  Composition,  Bursting  Strength,  Improvements, 
Full  Weight  Pipe,  Spellerizing,  Threading,  Corrosion  (resume  of  opinions), 
Specifications,  Metallurgical  Department,  Literature,  Summary  of  Ad- 
vantages, List  of  Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe,  List  of  Publications  issued 
by  National  Tube  Company,  and  charts  showing  increase  in  manufacture 
of  steel  pipe  from  1887  to  I9i3>;jhpe9b  Bnisj 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  15— "NATIONAL"  PIPE  FOR 
DRILLING  PURPOSES  (8  pages,  6  halftone  illustrations).  This  Bulletin 
contains  a  full  description  of  this  product,  the  information  being  supplied 
under  the  following  captions:  Process  of  Manufacture,  Material,  Physical 
Properties,  Bending  Tests  on  Welded  Pipe,  Internal  Pressure  Test,  Length, 
Permissible  Variations,  Upsetting,  Threading  and  Reaming,  Couplings, 
Marking,  Finish,  Inspection,  Galling  of  Threads,  Strength  of  Joint,  Torsional 
Tests  with  Tables,  "NATIONAL"  Drill  Pipe  with  Table,  "NATIONAL" 
Special  Rotary  Pipe  with  Table,  "NATIONAL"  Special  Upset  Rotary 
Pipe  with  Table,  "NATIONAL"  Seamless  Interior  Upset  Drill  Pipe 
with  Table,  Precautions  in  Handling  Drill  Pipe  and  Trade  Customs. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  18— "NATIONAL"  REAMED  AND 
DRIFTED  PIPE  (12  pages,  33  halftone  illustrations).  This  Bulletin 
contains  a  complete  description  of  this  product  with  a  short  introduction 
explaining  the  process  of  Well  Drilling  and  information  relative  to  the 
various  accessories  necessary  for  the  drilling  and  pumping  of  wells.  For 
example — Well  Cylinders,  Points,  Valves,  Strainers,  Drive  Shoes,  Coup- 
lings, Drive  Caps,  Seating  Tool,  etc. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  19— LIST  OF  PRODUCTS  (8  pages). 
To  supply  a  quick  and  ready  reference  is  the  purpose  of  this  Bulletin. 
The  products  manufactured  by  this  Company  are  designed  for  a  great 
variety  of  mechanical  and  commercial  purposes,  hence  a  single  catalogue 
containing  a  detailed  description  of  each  separate  product  would  be 
cumbersome.  This  Bulletin  contains  a  concise  list,  which  gives  to  the 
trade  reliable  information  about  National  Tube  Company  products. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  20— INDEX  FOR  "NATIONAL" 
BULLETINS  Nos.  i  to  20  (32  pages,  6  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  is  a 
cross-indexed  guide  to  the  information  contained  in  all  "NATIONAL" 
Bulletins  from  i  to  19,  inclusive.; lug  A  >t 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  659 


"NATIONAL"  Pipe     (Continued) 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  21— "NATIONAL"  BEDSTEAD 
TUBING  (8  pages,  10  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  gives  much  informa- 
tion and  data,  and  shows  the  advantages  of  using  "NATIONAL"  Tubing 
in  the  manufacture  of  modern  steel  beds,  cribs,  bungalow  beds,  bed  springs, 
costumers,  etc.,  and  a  list  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins,  Nos.  i  to  19, 
inclusive. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  22— "NATIONAL"  PIPE  FOR 
RAILWAY  SIGNAL  SERVICE  (12  pages,  18  illustrations).  This 
Bulletin  contains  a  brief  description  of  the  several  classes  of  modern 
railway  signal  systems  with  illustrations  of  a  number  of  installations 
in  which  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  has  been  used;  Standard  Signal  Pipe  Specifi- 
cations, as  approved  by  The  Railway  Signal  Association,  October,  1910; 
and  considerable  information  relative  to  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  for  this 
character  of  service.  This  information  is  given  under  the  following 
headings:  STRENGTH:  Physical  Properties,  Chemical  Purity,  Resist- 
ance. DURABILITY  and  THREADING  QUALITIES.  In  addition 
there  is  a  list  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins,  Nos.  i  to  22,  inclusive. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  23— "NATIONAL"  DRY  KILN 
PIPE  (20  pages,  13  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains  information 
relative  to  this  class  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  its  use.  The  text  matter 
is  grouped  under  the  following  headings:  Material  Used,  Method  of 
Manufacture,  Uniformity,  Chemical  Composition,  Physical  Properties, 
Bursting  Strength,  Durability  (Resistance  to  Corrosion),  Full  Weight, 
Special  Treatments  (Spellerizing) ,  Threading  Properties  and  Tests. 
There  are  also  tables  giving  Weights  and  Dimensions  of  "NATIONAL" 
Dry  Kiln  Pipe  and  Couplings  and  "NATIONAL"  Standard  Pipe- 
Black  and  Galvanized,  and  considerable  engineering  data  relating  to  Dry 
Kiln  work,  closing  with  a  summary  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  i 
to  23,  inclusive. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  24— THE  RISE  OF  STEEL  PIPE 
(8  pages,  4  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains  three  editorials,  cover- 
ing the  general  subject  of  "The  Rise  of  Steel  Pipe,"  which  appeared  in  the 
American  Metal  Market  and  Daily  Iron  and  Steel  Report,  August  20, 
1914,  The  Iron  Trade  Review,  October  15,  1914,  and  The  Iron  Age,  Decem- 
ber 3,  1914.  There  are  some  comments  on  these  editorials,  together  with 
a  list  of  advantages  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  complete  summary  of 

"NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  i  to  24,  inclusive. 

io  nouqnoasD  O8IA    .esnijjii  bira  eimot  svode  to  ewsiv  snil  biu 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  25— "NATIONAL"  PIPE  IN  LARGE 
BUILDINGS  (88  pages,  222  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains  a  brief 
outline  of  the  progress  of  the  last  twenty  years  in  building  construction; 
a  summary  of  the  advantages  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  service  and  the 
value  of  marking  manufactured  products  as  brought  out  in  a  recent  editorial 
in  The  American  Architect;  a  short  summary  of  the  results  of  tests  and 
investigations  of  independent  authorities  relative  to  the  durability  of 
wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe;  illustrations  of  Banking,  Financial  and  Office 


560  Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


"NATIONAL"  Pipe     (Continued) 

Juildings,  Mercantile  and  Industrial  Buildings,  Hotels,  Clubs  and  Apart 
nents,  Universities,  Colleges,  Schools,  Churches,  Libraries  and  similar 
mblic  buildings  in  which  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  has  been  installed;  "The 
Design  of  Hot  Water  Supply  Systems  to  Minimize  Corrosion,"  a  paper 
»y  F.  N.  Speller,  published  in  Engineering  News,  February  13,  1913;  Speci- 
ications covering  "NATIONAL "Standard  Welded  Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 
Ur  Line  Pipe  and  "NATIONAL"  Special  Ammonia  Pipe,  together 
ith  tables  giving  dimensions  and  weights;  Engineering  data  extracted 
rom  "Book  of  Standards,"  1913  Edition,  National  Tube  Company, 
elative  to  piping  and  its  use  in  building  construction;  an  index  to  the 
tnportant  subjects  and  illustrations  contained  in  this  Bulletin  and  a 
hort  summary  of  all  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  i  to  25,  inclusive. 


'NATIONAL"    BULLETIN    No.    26— AUTOGENOUS   WELDING 

"NATIONAL"  PIPE  (56  pages,  91  illustrations).     This  Bulletin  con- 

ains  information  relative  to  the  general  subject  of  autogenous  welding  of 


NATIONAL"  Pipe;  a  brief  statement  of  the  advantages  of  "NATIONAL" 
3ipe  for  work  of  this  character;  a  number  of  articles  and  papers  on  auto- 
enous  welding  of  pipe  lines  written  by  men  who  are  acknowledged  leaders 
nd  authorities  in  the  water  and  gas  works  industry;  cost  and  engineering 
ata;  table  of  contents  and  cross  indexed  guide  to  the  important  subjects 
overed  in  this  Bulletin  and  a  summary  of  all  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins 
]  rom  i  to  26,  inclusive. 

"!)  .  siHDinjKOiT    lsiD'jq8 

"NATIONAL"  MATHESON  JOINT  PIPE.  Book  of  7*  Pages  and 
over  (7K"xio),  illustrated  with  halftone  engravings  from  original  photo- 
raphs  and  line  drawings.  There  is  a  great  amount  of  comprehensive 

i  iformation  on  the  value  of  "NATIONAL"  Matheson  Joint  Pipe,  given 
i  an  interesting,  non-technical  style.     Illustrative  comparisons  with  cast 

i  -on  pipe  are  made;  conclusive  proof  of  the  durability  during  long  service 
given;  concluding  with  description  and  illustration  of  "NATIONAL" 
"oating  and   table  of  weights  and   dimensions   with   Specifications  for 
NATIONAL"  Matheson  Joint  Pipe. 
|-fri9D9a  ,daA  tvvil  t>tFC>bsa,i.i*T>Wt94ol3O  ,v/3iv3fl  abfiiT  noil  snT  ,*n>i 

"NATIONAL"  MATHESON  AND  "NATIONAL"  CONVERSE 
OINT  PIPE.  Book  of  40  pages  (3^x6) ,  illustrated  with  several  half- 
one  and  line  views  of  above  joints  and  fittings.  Also  description  of  the 
>ipe  and  fittings  for  same  with  tables  of  sizes  of  joints  and  fittings  and 
Trade  Customs.  This  book  is  known  as  List  No.  3. 

"NATIONAL"  MATHESON  JOINT  PIPE.  Circular,  4  Pages  (8Kx 
i),  two  illustrations.  The  advantages  of  "NATIONAL"  Matheson 
'oint  Pipe  are  made  apparent  in  the  first  two  pages  of  this  circular.  Pages 

and  4  contain  interesting  information  relative  to  the  advantages  of 
'NATIONAL"  Coating. 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  661 


Pipe— Threading 

POWER  REQUIRED  TO  THREAD,  TWIST  AND  SPLIT 
WROUGHT  IRON  AND  MILD  STEEL  PIPE.  Book  of  24  pages 
6x9),  with  14  illustrations,  contains  a  paper  read  by  Prof.  T.  N.  Thomp- 
son, International  Correspondence  School,  before  the  American  Society 
if  Heating  and  Ventilating  Engineers,  1906,  covering  the  results  of  an 
jxtensive  series  of  tests  which  he  conducted  to  ascertain  the  power  required 
o  thread,  twist,  and  split  wrought  iron  and  mild  steel  pipe.  The  tabulated 
nformation  is  valuable  to  those  interested  in  the  subject. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  6— PIPE  THREADING  DIES  (12 
)ages,  21  illustrations).  Because  this  subject  is  more  or  less  misunder- 
stood, the  information  contained  in  this  Bulletin  is  especially  valuable. 
?he  illustrations  clearly  demonstrate  by  comparison  the  working  of  a 
>roperly  and  improperly  shaped  die.  The  information  is  grouped  under 
he  following  headings:  "Lip,"  "Chip  Space,"  "Clearance,"  "Lead," 
Number  of  Chasers/1  "Oil,"  "General  Summary,"  and  an  article  on 
Briggs'  Standard  Threads." 

jtraV  bits  §nl 
Pipe — Poles 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  14— "NATIONAL"  TUBULAR 
>TEEL  POLES  (32  pages,  25  halftone  and  2  line  illustrations).  This 
Bulletin  contains  a  complete  description  of  these  poles,  the  information 
>eing  supplied  under  the  following  headings:  Uniformity,  Lighting, 
^hysical  Properties,  Joints,  Dog  Guards,  Street  Railway  Poles,  Painting, 
3ole  Tables,  Pole  Fittings,  Specifications,  etc.  There  are  also  ten  pages 
f  tables  giving  full  information  in  regard  to  size,  weight,  wall  thickness, 
laximum  load,  deflection,  etc.,  of  "NATIONAL"  Tubular  Poles. 
:<j  ainsJeys  i$  ssq^J  I/  ^viJetei  jpp&jsaiwta*  ; 

i  ilw  noqu  89lqi:>n,   Pip® — Specifications 

Uniform  size  (8Kxn),  either  single  or  double  sheets.  The  various 
ypes  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  allied  tubular  products  are  covered  by 
i  pecifications  which  can  be  secured  upon  request. 

Our  Metallurgical  Department  is  constantly  at  work  endeavoring  to 

improve,  either  in  manufacturing  processes   or  by  special  treatment  of 

Laterial,    "NATIONAL"    Tubular  and   allied   products,   and   whenever 

ecessary  issues  new  specifications  or  makes  such  changes,  revisions  and 

improvements  on  all  specifications  in  force  as  may  be  required  by  altered 

<  onditions. 

Pipe — Corrosion 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  2— CORROSION  OF  HOT  WATER 
IPING  IN  BATH  HOUSES  (8  pages,  2  illustrations).  This  Bulletin 

ontains  a  report  of  an  investigation  conducted  by  Ira  H.  Woolson,  M. 

dm.  Soc.  M.  E.f  Consulting  Engineer  to  National  Board  of  Fire  Under- 
riters,  New  York  City,  relative  to  the  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel  in  hot- 

-ater  piping  in  a  New  York  bath  house  system.     Eighty-nine  samples 

f  pipe  from  various  bath  houses  were  collected,  and  from  the  evidence 

Ir.  Woolson  arrived  at  the  following  CONCLUSION: 


662  Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


Pipe — Corrosion— Continued 

"In  my  judgment  from  the  evidence  collected,  there  was 
absolutely  no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of  the  two  classes  of 
pipe.*  They  appeared  to  be  equally  susceptible  to  the  attack." 

*That  is,  wrought  iron  and  steel. 

This  Bulletin  also  contains  a  paper  on  "The  Design  of  Hot  Water 
Supply  Systems  to  Minimize  Corrosion,"  by  F.  N.  Speller,  Metallurgical 
Engineer,  National  Tube  Company,  published  in  Engineering  News,  issue 
of  February  13,  1913.  This  paper  is  particularly  valuable  in  that  the 
suggested  designs  tend  to  reduce  corrosion  of  pipe  to  a  minimum. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  3— THE  DURABILITY  OF  WELD- 
ED PIPE  IN  SERVICE  (8  pages,  2  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains 
a  paper  prepared  by  F.  N.  Speller,  Metallurgical  Engineer,  National  Tube 
Company,  read  before  the  annual  meeting  of  the  American  Society  of  Heat- 
ing and  Ventilating  Engineers,  and  published  in  Engineering  Review, 
April,  1 91 1.  This  article  covers  considerable  information  relative  to  the 
durability  of  welded  pipe  as  found  under  various  conditions;  also  detailed 
notes  on  corrosion  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  pipe  in  service  lines  in  over 
21  separajte  investigations,  and  the  net  results  obtained  in  each  case  are 
compiled  and  tabulated,  with  some  notes  regarding  the  prevention  of 
corrosion  in  pipes. 

898«<i  naJ'Oste-av, 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  5— "NATIONAL"  PIPE  FOR  RE- 
FRIGERATING SYSTEMS  (36  pages,  27  illustrations).  This  Bulletin 
contains  information  relative  to  the  several  types  of  systems  employed 
in  refrigerating  work,  with  a  brief  statement  of  principles  upon  which  the 
two  most  commonly  used  systems  are  based — The  Compression  and 
Absorption  systems — together  with  a  short  discourse  on  the  relative 
merits  of  "NATIONAL"  and  Wrought  Iron  pipe  for  refrigerating  work. 
In  addition  there  are  papers  of  general  interest  to  all  those  interested 
in  this  subject — "Steel  Pipe  vs.  Wrought  Iron  Pipe  in  Refrigerating 
Work"  by  P.  DeC.  Ball,  and  "Corrosion  of  Pipe  in  Refrigerating  Sys- 
tems" by  F.  N.  Speller,  considerable  engineering  data  applying  to  re- 
frigerating work  and  a  list  of  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  i  to  24, 
inclusive. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  10— THE  RELATIVE  CORROSION 
OF  IRON  AND  STEEL  PIPE  AS  FOUND  IN  SERVICE  (24  pages, 
20  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains  abstract  from  a  paper  by  Will- 
iam H.  Walker,  Ph.  D.,  read  before  the  New  England  Water  Works  Asso- 
ciation, December  13,  1911,  and  which  related  in  detail  the  results  of  an 
investigation  undertaken  by  Professor  Walker  with  reference  to  the  sub- 
ject indicated.  Approximately  64  comparisons  of  iron  and  steel  were 
obtained  where  the  history  of  installation  was  known.  Prof.  Walker's 
CONCLUSION  follows:  I2UJC 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  663 


Pipe — Corrosion— Continued 

"These  results  again  demonstrate  that  taken  on  the  average 
there  is  no  difference  in  the  corrosion  of  iron  and  steel  pipe. 
Conversations  held  with  the  engineers  in  charge  of  plants  during 


this  investigation  confirm  the  statement  already  made  that  a 
pipe  is  frequently  called  steel  when  corrosion  is  found  to  be  ex- 
cessive, while  it  is  set  down  as  iron  if  it  rusts  but  little." 
This  Bulletin  also  contains  several  papers  by  F.  N.  Speller,  Metallurgical 

Engineer,  National  Tube  Company,  on  the  relative  merits  of  Steel  and 

Wrought  Iron  Pipe. 

CORROSION  OF  TUBES.  Circular,  8  pages  (SKxii),  contains 
reprint  of  a  chapter  from  the  "Corrosion  of  Iron  and  Steel,"  by  A.  Sang 
(published  by  McGraw-Hill  Publishing  Co.,  New  York);  also  a  general 
bibliography  of  the  more  important  publications  covering,  besides  the 
general  subject  as  'above,  special  treatises  on  Effect  of  Impurities;  Acid 
Tests;  Relative  Corrosions;  Corrosion  in  Sea  Water;  Boilers;  Structural 
Work  and  Wire.  In  all  nearly  one  hundred  authors  and  their  works  are 
mentioned. 

CONCERNING  STEEL  AND  IRON  PIPE.  Circular,  8  pages  (8Kx 
n),  contains  reference  to  pamphlet  entitled  "A  Few  Facts"  which  formed 
the  basis  for  incorrect  information  printed  in  an  article  in  Official  Bulletin 
(August,  1910)  of  National  Association  of  Steam  and  Hot  Water  Fitters. 
This  circular  corrects  the  inaccuracies  of  the  article  in  question,  and  also 
contains  other  information  of  general  interest  on  the  subject. 

THOUGHT  IT  WAS  STEEL  BUT  IT  WASN'T.  Circular,  4  pages 
(5x7^) ;  3  illustrations.  Relates  suggestive  incident  showing  that  identity 
of  iron  and  steel  are  frequently  confused. 

THE  DESIGN  OF  HOT  WATER  SUPPLY  SYSTEMS  TO  MINI. 
MIZE  CORROSION.  Circular,  single  sheet  (8^x11).  (An  article  by 
F.  N.  Speller,  Metallurgical  Engineer  of  National  Tube  Company,  pub- 
lished in  Engineering  News,  February  13,  1913.)  Contains  explanation 
with  illustrative  diagrams  of  the  Underfed  Closed  and  Overhead  Open 
Systems  of  Hot  Water  Supply  Systems  and  comparative  results  obtained 
from  a  series  of  research  tests  and  investigations  of  each  type.  This 
article  is  also  reproduced  in  "NATIONAL"  Bulletins  Nos.  2  and  u. 

Pipe  —Miscellaneous 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  8— "NATIONAL"  COATING  (8 
pages,  it  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  describes  in  detail  the  modern 
method  of  protecting  underground  piping  systems  against  external  corro- 
sion and  electrolysis,  known  as  "NATIONAL"  Coating.  The  headings 
indicate  the  scope  of  the  information:  "Necessity  for  Protection  Other 
than  that  Afforded  by  the  Use  of  Good  Steel,"  "Process  of  Applying 
'NATIONAL'  Coating,"  "Summarizing  the  Advantages  of  'NATIONAL' 
Coating,"  "Suggestions  Regarding  the  Laying  of  Pipe  Covered  with 
'NATIONAL'  Coating,"  "Specifying,"  flaJlQH  OHIT83T  VLl  8TK31v 


r 

i  >64  Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


Pipe — Miscellaneous — Continued 


COLLAPSING  PRESSURES  OF  LAP-WELDED  STEEL  TUBES. 
3ook  of  95  pages  (6x9),  illustrated  with  numerous  line  drawings,  photo- 
raphs,  charts,  etc.,  by  Prof.  R.  T.  Stewart,  University  of  Pittsburgh. 
'he  original  article  was  read  before  the  American  Society  of  Mechanical 
Engineers,  1906,  and  deals  with  external  pressure  as  applied  to  steel 
ubes.  There  are  many  valuable  tables  in  the  book  showing  scale  of 
ollapsing  pressures;  also  brief  discussion  which  followed  the  reading  of 
^rof.  Stewart's  paper. 

NET  PRICES  OF  "NATIONAL"  WROUGHT  PIPE  BASED  ON 
>RICE  LIST  No.  5  (Revised  and  adopted  January  i,  1913).  Booklet  of 
05  pages  and  cover  (4^x6).  Contains  tables  of  net  prices  per  foot  of 
Jtandard,  Extra  Strong,  Double  Extra  Strong,  and  Line  Pipe  at  stated 
iscounts,  based  upon  Price  List  No.  5.  Contains  also  tables  of  com- 
>ound  discounts  reduced  to  simple  discouuts  and  nets,  (igth  Edition). 

PIPE  LIST  No.  5.  1  6  pages  (4x6^)-  Booklet  containing  sizes, 
imensions,  weights,  list  prices,  etc.,  and  trade  customs. 

LIST  No.  5.  44  pages  (4x6^)'  Booklet  containing  sizes,  dimensions, 
weights  and  list  prices  of  tubular  products  and  trade  customs. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  19—  LIST  OF  PRODUCTS  (8  pages). 
To  supply  a  quick  and  ready  reference  is  the  purpose  of  this  Bulletin. 
The  products  manufactured  by  this  Company  are  designed  for  a  great 
rariety  of  mechanical  and  commercial  purposes,  hence  a  single  catalogue 
ontaining  a  detailed  description  of  each  separate  product  would  be 
umbersome.  This  Bulletin  contains  a  concise  list,  which  gives  to  the  trade 
eliable  information  about  National  Tube  Company  products. 

WHEN  YOU  ORDER  BE  SURE  TO  SPECIFY  "NATIONAL" 
IPE.  Circular,  single  sheet  (8^x1  1).  Contains  a  reprint  of  an  editorial, 
>f  interest  to  all  who  specify  pipe  for  any  purpose,  appearing  in  the  October 
,  1913,  issue  of  The  American  Architect,  under  the  title  "Selection  of 
^rade-Marked  or  Definite  Building  Materials." 

;.«Jtf.  bmj  s  .aoM  enballiiS  "JAUOITAM"  ni  b^ouboi^ai  ogle  ai 
Literature  Relative  to  Boiler  Tubes 


MODERN  BOILER  TUBE.  Book  of  40  pages  and  cover  ( 
vith  4  illustrations.  Contains  brief  introduction  covering  material,  tests, 
pecifications  and  summary  of  data  presented  at  the  International  Master 
Boiler  Makers'  Association  Conventions,  1909,  1910  and  1911:  followed 
>y  twenty-six  pages  of  the  Official  Report  of  Special  Committee  on  "Steel 
rs.  Iron  Flues,"  International  Master  Boiler  Makers'  Association  Conven- 
ion,  held  at  Louisville,  Ky.,  April  27-30,  1909. 

NATIONAL"     BULLETIN   No.  i—  SOME   RECENT  DEVELOP- 
VIENTS   IN   TESTING   BOILER  TUBES    (8   pages,   7   illustrations). 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


Literature  Relative  to  Boiler  Tubes — Continued 

This  Bulletin  contains  a  paper  prepared  by  F.  N.  Speller,  Metallurgica 
Engineer,  National  Tube  Company,  and  presented  at  Fourteenth  Annua 
Meeting  American  Society  for  Testing  Materials,  Atlantic  City,  N.  J. 
June  27th  to  July  ist,  1911.  The  test  applied  to  each  "NATIONAL' 
Spellerized  Steel  Locomotive  Boiler  Tube  is  described  in  full.  Briefly 
this  test  is  made  on  the  two  crop  ends  from  each  tube;  whereby  a  specia 
manipulation  test  is  given,  containing  in  one  piece  the  vertical  crushing 
horizontal  flattening,  expanding  and  flanging  tests.  This  Bulletin  alsc 
contains  Standard  Specifications  for  Lap-Weld  and  Seamless  Steel  Boile: 
Tubes,  Safe  Ends  and  Arch  Tubes  (including  Super-heater  Tubes),  ai 
jointly  recommended  and  adopted  in  1913  by  the  American  Railway 
Master  Mechanics'  Association,  and  the  American  Society  for  Testinj 
Materials.  A  summary  of  data  relative  to  Steel  vs.  Iron  Flues  and  Test 
applied  to  "NATIONAL"  Boiler  Tubes  is  also  included. 

SPECIFICATIONS.  Uniform  size  (8Kxn),  either  single  or  doubK 
sheets.  The  various  types  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  allied  tubula 
products  are  covered  by  specifications  which  can  be  secured  upon  request 

Our  Metallurgical  Department  is  constantly  at  work  endeavoring  t< 
improve,  either  in  manufacturing  process  or  by  special  treatment  o 
material,  "NATIONAL"  Tubular  and  allied  products,  and  thus  wheneve 
necessary  issues  new  specifications  or  makes  such  changes,  revisions  and 
improvements  on  all  specifications  in  force  as  may  be  required  by  altered 
conditions. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  1 6— "NATIONAL"  STATIONARY 
AND  MARINE  BOILER  TUBES  (12  pages,  8  halftone  illustrations) 
This  Bulletin  contains  a  description  of  these  boiler  tubes  with  illustration 
of  tests.  The  information  is  supplied  under  the  following  heads:  Reason 
for  Manufacturing  Only  Steel  Tubes,  Spellerizing,  Material,  Physica 
Properties,  Inspection,  Physical  Tests,  Opinions  of  Experts,  etc.  Severa 
pages  of  engineering  data  on  Boiler  Incrustation  and  Corrosion,  Steam 
etc.,  are  included. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  4— CORROSION  OF  BOILEB 
TUBES  (12  pages,  33  illustrations).  This  Bulletin  contains  an  abstrac 
from  a  paper  on  "Corrosion  of  Boiler  Tubes,"  covering  a  report  of  result 
obtained  in  an  investigation  by  Rear  Admiral  John  D.  Ford,  U.  S.  N. 
member  and  President  of  the  American  Society  of  Naval  Engineers.  The 
entire  report  was  published  in  the  Journal  of  American  Society  of  Nava 
Engineers,  May,  1904,  and  from  it  the  abstract  for  this  Bulletin  was  taken 
The  report  covers  a  very  full  investigation  relative  to  the  comparative 
corrosion  of  wrought  iron  and  steel  boiler  tubes.  The  tests  continued  ovei 
a  period  of  64  weeks.  This  Bulletin  contains  several  tables  of  summariej 
of  results,  which  indicate  least,  greatest  and  average  loss  in  grammes  pe; 
square  inch.  Also  summary  of  various  corrosion  tests  of  wrought  iron  anc 
steel,  and  particularly  a  table  showing  summary  of  results  of  investigations 
Several  different  and  independent  investigations  are  referred  to,  giving 


666    Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


Literature  Relative  to  Boiler  Tubes — Continued 

date,  locality,  length  of  time  of  service,  authority  of  test,  number  of  cases 
on  record,  reference  to  details,  remarks,  etc.,  etc. 

ABOUT  STEEL  BOILER  TUBES.  Circular,  single  sheet  (8Kxn), 
contains  information  regarding  economy  of  Steel  Boiler  Tubes,  based  on 
report  of  Committee  to  1910  Convention  of  International  Master  Boiler 
Makers'  Association.  spakl  $* 

LIST  No.  5.  44  pages  (4x6H).  Booklet  containing  sizes,  dimensions, 
weights  and  list  prices  of  tubular  products  and  trade  customs. 

BOILER  TUBE  LIST  No.  5.  16  pages  (4x6^)-  Booklet  containing 
sizes,  dimensions,  weights,  list  prices  and  trade  customs. 

THOUGHT  IT  WAS  STEEL,  BUT  IT  WASN'T.  Circular  of  four 
pages  and  three  interesting  illustrations  from  actual  photographs  of  a 
piece  of  badly  corroded  boiler  tube,  which  was  tagged  "Spellerized  Steel" 
and  sent  as  a  "sample"  to  the  Master  Mechanic  of  an  Eastern  Railway 
System.  Chemical  analysis  proved  the  "sample"  was  Charcoal  Iron 
and  not  steel. 

"SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubing 

"SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TUBES  and  THEIR  MAKING.  Book  of 
48  pages  and  cover  (7^x8^).  profusely  illustrated  with  fine  halftone 
engravings  from  original  photographs.  Contains,  besides  an  interesting 
early  history  of  the  industry,  a  non-technical  description  of  manufacture, 
mechanical  uses  and  possibilities  of  "SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubing.  (En- 
larged and  revised  edition  being  prepared.) 

SEAMLESS  TUBING  FOR  AUTOMOBILES.  Booklet  of  16  pages 
and  cover  (5x9),  with  six  illustrations  showing  adaptations  of  "SHELBY" 
Tubing  for  automobile  parts,  etc.,  with  description  and  other  useful  in- 
formation. 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  17— THE  MANUFACTURE  AND 
USE  OF  "SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TUBING.  (44  pages,  25  halftone 
plates  and  5  pages  of  line  engravings,  showing  various  manipulations  of 
'SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubing).  This  Bulletin  contains  extracts  from 
an  address  to  the  U.  S.  Naval  School  of  Marine  Engineering  (prepared  by 
Messrs.  J.  H.  Nicholson  and  Emil  Holinger)  and  covers  the  following 
subjects:  Processes  of  Manufacture;  Materials  for  Steel  Pipes;  Making 
of  Specifications;  Mill  Inspection;  Application  of  Tubular  Sections  to 
Machine  Design  and  Descriptions  of  the  Halftone  Plates. 

THE  "SHELBY"  COLD-DRAWN  TROLLEY  POLE.  Circular, 
4  pages  (42<x7X)t  4  illustrations,  one  of  these  showing  the  testing  machine 
and  method  of  making  the  test  to  which  every  pole  is  subjected  before 
shipment. 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  667 


"SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubing — Continued 

"SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  COLD-DRAWN  TROLLEY  POLES. 
Booklet  of  1 6  pages  and  cover,  seven  illustrations.  Contains  considerable 
information  relative  to  material,  manufacture,  tests,  etc.,  with  table 
showing  loads  and  deflections  of  varying  lengths.  ,,^i — n  jiojjqgg 

SPECIFICATIONS.  Uniform  size  (8Kxn),  either  single  or  double 
sheets.  The  various  types  of  "SHELBY"  Tubing  and  allied  tubular 
products  are  covered  by  specifications  which  can  be  secured  upon  request. 

Our  Metallurgical  Department  is  constantly  at  work  endeavoring  to 
improve,  either  in  manufacturing  processes  or  by  special  treatment  of 
material,  "SHELBY"  tubular  and  allied  products,  and  thus,  whenever 
necessary,  issues  new  specifications  or  makes  such  changes,  revisions  and 
improvements  on  all  specifications  in  force  as  may  be  required  by  altered 
conditions. 

MECHANICAL  PROPERTIES  OF  "SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TUB- 
ING. Booklet  of  100  pages  and  cover  (4^x7)  with  over  50  line  illustra- 
tions, by  Prof.  Reid  T.  Stewart,  contains  useful  data  and  tables  for  the 
solution  of  problems  arising  in  connection  with  the  application  of 
"SHELBY"  Tubing  to  the  Mechanical  Arts.  Edition  exhausted  but  infor- 
mation contained  is  incorporated  in  1913  edition  of  "Book  of  Standards." 

"SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TUBING  FOR  MECHANICAL  PUR- 
POSES. (List  102,  1909).  Booklet  of  32  pages  and  cover  (3^x6).  Con- 
tains list  prices,  sizes,  gauges,  trade  customs,  etc.,  and  some  general  in- 
formation regarding  this  product. 

LIST  OF  PRODUCTS,  "NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No.  19  (see  Pipe- 
Miscellaneous.) 

"SHELBY"  SEAMLESS  TEMPERING  POTS.  Circular,  single 
sheet  (8Kxn).  Three  illustrations,  also  three  line  cuts  showing  weights 
and  dimensions.  Contains  considerable  information  about  the  process 
of  manufacture  and  the  advantages  gained  thereby  over  cast  iron  or  cast 
steel  tempering  pots. 

Fittings  and  Valves— General 

CATALOGUE  1-1915.  Contains  the  latest  information  relative  to 
NATIONAL  TUBE  COMPANY  Fittings  and  Valves  with  a  small  section 
devoted  to  "NATIONAL"  Pipe. 

F   ,i:.b,-o'-t 

This  book  contains  448  profusely  illustrated  pages  (sKxy^Ot  grouped  in 
12  sections  as  follows: 

Section  i — "NATIONAL"  Pipe  and  Couplings,  Wrought  Fittings,  etc. 

Section  2 — Drive  Well  Points  and  Well  Supplies. 

Section  3 — "N.  T.  C."  Malleable  Iron  Fittings. 

Section  4 — "KEWANEE"  Unions  and  Specialties. 

Section  5— "  N.  T.  C. "  Cast  Iron  Fittings.  ,y  - ; 

Section  6— Standard  Brass  Valves.^ AWSQf^rfji w  biMlamiirt  ad  n*5D 


668  Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


Section    7 — Radiator  Valves. 
Section    8— Brass  Cocks  and  Fittings. 
Section    9 — Blast   Furnace    Fittings,    "NATIONAL"   Matheson    am 
"NATIONAL"  Converse  Lock  Joint  Fittings,  Iron  Cocks 
Section  10 — Iron  Body  Valves. 
Section  n — Iron  Body  Gate  or  Straightway  Valves. 
Section  12 — Wrought  Tube  Radiators. 

Like  its  predecessor,  this  book  represents  a  very  considerable  outlay  o 
money,  not  merely  for  printing,  for  this  is  a  lesser  expense  than  th 
accumulation  and  revision  of  the  large  amount  of  material  this  catalogu 
contains. 

Therefore,  it  is  a  book  to  be  given  conservatively  and  only  to  those  i: 
the  industry  whose  positions  would  indicate  a  legitimate  use  for  the  in 
formation  contained  in  National  Tube  Company  CATALOGUE  J-IQIS 


vfcOTogasJwAS&'-^toj    "KEWANEE"  Unions,^  j 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  g— SOME  TESTS  OI 
"  KEWANEE  "  UNIONS  (8  pages,  5  illustrations) .  This  Bulletin  contain 
a  full  description  of  several  special  tests  made  on  "KEWANEE"  Unions 
including  the  following:  Expansion  Test  of  "KEWANEE"  Unioni 
with  tabulated  details;  Air  Test  Under  Water  of  "KEWANEE"  Union 
(the  test  to  which  every  individual  "KEWANEE"  Union  is  subjects 
before  leaving  the  factory),  with  illustrations;  Service  Test  o: 
"KEWANEE"  Unions  (illustrations  of  two  "KEWANEE"  Unions  whicl 
were  disconnected  and  reconnected  over  1000  times  and  remained  tight  a 
the  end  of  the  test).  The  headings  indicate  something  of  the  informatioi 
given:  "Inspection  and  Tests,"  "Construction,"  "Three  Solid  Parts,' 
"Brass  to  Iron  Thread  Connection  at  the  Ring,"  "Patterns,"  "Summar; 
of  Advantages." 

THE  "KEWANEE"  UNION.  Circular,  4  pages  (5x7^),  S  illustra 
tions.  Comprehensive  information  about  this  union  is  given  in  the  forn 
of  question  and  answer  interview. 

"KEWANEE"  UNION  (Male  and  Female  Pattern).  Circular, 
pages  (5x7^),  2  illustrations.  Besides  general  information  relative  to  th 
value  of  the  M  &  F  pattern,  the  particular  economy  resulting  from  it 
use  is  demonstrated  arithmetically. 

"SIGHT  UNSEEN."  Folder,  3  illustrated  pages  and  flap  (6xaK) 
contains  information  about  "KEWANEE"  Unions. 

"KEWANEE"  UNION  STANDARD  GATE  VALVES.  Circula 
of  4  pages  (5x7  >4)  and  2  illustrations  explaining  the  special  advantage 
of  this  type  of  valve.  This  information  is  given  under  the  follow ini 
headings:  Type,  Compactness,  Elimination  of  Joints,  Construction,  Low 
Friction  Losses,  Weight,  Tests,  Easy  to  Remove,  Other  Advantages  and 
"  KEWANEE  "  Union  Advantages.  All  types  of  "  N.  T.  C. "  Brass  Valve: 
can  be  furnished  with  "KEWANEE"  Union  attachment. 


Publications  of  National  Tube  Company  66 


"KEWANEE"  Specialties 

THE  WHOLE  "KEWANEE"  FAMILY.  Book  of  72  pages  (5x7  X) 
end  sheets  and  cover,  nearly  every  page  illustrated.  In  addition  to  table 
showing  sizes  and  list  prices,  etc.,  there  is  much  interesting  informatioi 
relative  to  the  proved  value  of  the  "KEWANEE"  Union  and  othe 
"KEWANEE"  Specialties  as  contained  in  the  testimony  of  actual  users 
Several  pages  are  devoted  to  the  design  and  advantages  of  "N.  T.  C.' 
Regrinding  Valves.  A  valve  of  this  type  has  been  opened  and  closed  ove 
three  million  times,  while  in  regular  service  on  a  "KEWANEE"  Unioi 
testing  machine.  The  final  section  of  this  valuable  book  contains  a  sum 
mary  of  all  "KEWANEE"  Specialties,  a  list,  with  a  brief  summary  of  con 
tents,  of  all  publications  of  National  Tube  Company,  and  a  complete  index 
This  is  the  latest  edition  and  contains  almost  three  times  as  many  pages  a 
the  first  edition. 

"NATIONAL"    FLANGE    UNION.     Circular,    4    pages    (5x7  X), 
halftone  illustrations.     Contains  description  of  this  type  of  flange  union 
which  is  primarily  designed  for  severe  service. 

"KEWANEE"    FLANGE    UNION.     Circular,    4    pages    (5x7^), 
illustrations.     Contains  description  of  this  fitting,  and  its  durability  i 
service,  even  when  the  pipes  are  somewhat  out  of  alignment. 

"KEWANEE"  AIR  PUMP  UNION.     Circular,  4  pages  (SX7K), 
illustration.     Contains   description    of   this    fitting,    which   is   especiall 
designed  to  protect  in  service  the  air  pumps  on  locomotves. 

"KEWANEE"  BOILER  COUPLING.  Circular,  4  pages  (5x7^) 
2  illustrations.  Contains  description  of  this  fitting,  advantages  of  uses 
also  sizes  and  list  prices. 

"KEWANEE"    UNION    SWING    CHECK    VALVE.     Circular, 
pages    (5x7^),    seven    illustrations.     Contains    description    and    detail 
of  advantages;  also  sizes  and  list  prices.     The  particular  economy  of  thi 
valve    is    thoroughly    brought   out   in  THE   WHOLE   "KEWANEE 
FAMILY  booklet. 

"N.  T.  C."  Regrinding  Valves 

"NATIONAL"     BULLETIN     No.     7— "N.T.C."     REGRINDINC 

VALVES  (8  pages,  u  illustrations).  The  particular  advantages  of  thi 
type  of  valve  are  described  in  detail  in  this  Bulletin.  Three  illustration 
show  a  valve,  from  photographs  taken  at  three  different  angles,  whicl 
was  opened  and  closed  327,094  times.  The  valve  was  then  regroum 
and  after  being  opened  and  closed  over  three  million  times  is  still  in  service 
The  various  headings  will  afford  some  idea  of  the  value  of  the  contents 
"Durability,"  "Construction,"  "Types  of  Discs,"  "Bonnet,"  "Body,' 
"Bonnet  Ring,"  "Stem,"  "Packing  Under  Pressure,"  "Packing  Gland,' 
"Metal,"  " Lift, "" Wheel, "  "Testing,"  "Working  Pressure,"  "Pattern' 
and  "General  Summary." 

"N.T.C."    REGRINDING   VALVES.     Booklet   of    16   pages   and 
illustrations,  including  sectional  view  with  reference  figures.     There  is  ai 


7- 


670  Publications  of  National  Tube  Company 


"N.  T.  C."  Regrinding  Valves—Continued 

abundance  of  information  given  in  the  popular  question  and  answer  form, 
written  in  a  clear,  non-technical  style,  closing  with  a  brief  summary  of 
the  special  advantages  of  this  type  of  valve. 
9rf*o   rm.  i?itt  oi  svbjsbi 

Fittings  and  Valves—  Miscellaneous 

"NATIONAL"  BULLETIN  No.  13—  "N.T.C."  IRON  BODY  BRASS 
MOUNTED  WEDGE  GATE  VALVES  (12  pages,  21  halftone  and  8  line 
illustrations).  Contains  complete  information  in  regard  to  this  new  line  of 
wedge  gate  valves. 


"NATIONAL"  SPRING  PLUG  COCK.     Circular,  4  pages 
illustrated.     Contains  description  of  design  and  special  advantages  in 
service  over  the  ordinary  cock. 

DRIVE  WELL  POINTS  and  WELL  SUPPLIES.  Booklet  of  52 
pages  and  cover  (sKxy^O,  28  of  these  pages  are  illustrated  with  half- 
tone engravings  of  well  points,  cylinders,  strainers,  valves  and  fittings, 
etc.,  etc.  Tables  of  sizes,  dimensions,  list  prices  are  also  shown,  with 
considerable  general  information.  (Edition  exhausted;  another  being 
prepared.) 

RADIATORS  and  RADIATOR  VALVES.  Booklet  of  26  pages  and 
cover  (3Kxs24),  with  19  illustrations.  Contains  description  of  Wrought 
Tube  Radiators  and  Radiator  Valves,  etc.,  with  sizes  and  list  prices,  and 
other  information  on  this  material.  (Edition  exhausted;  new  one  being 
prepared.) 

"N.T.C."  FLAT  BEAD  MALLEABLE  FITTINGS.  Circular,  4 
pages  (5x7^2),  with  23  illustrations  and  2  graphic  charts  which  show  the 
uniform  proportions  of  this  line  of  fittings.  The  advantages  to  be  gained 
by  using  "N.T.C."  Flat  Bead  Malleable  Fittings  are  clearly  explained. 

LIST  OF  PRODUCTS—  "NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No.  19.     (See  Pipe- 

Miscellaneous.) 

'' 


D  ii-yrrir  } 
iga-l  jisikj  8«^r.wlsy  sri 

jxfi'  to  suijsv  f)dl  io  B 


Mill  Practice — Measurement  of  Pipe  67 1 


MEMORANDUM 

Mill  Practice— Measurement  of  Pipe 

(~)N  orders  calling  for  commercial  sizes  of  pipe 
which  are  finished  with  threads  and  couplings, 
in  sizes  J/g  inch  to  12  inches  inclusive,  and  where 
orders  specify  quantity  in  lineal  feet,  it  is  under- 
stood that  random  lengths  fitted  with  threads  both 
ends  and  coupling  one  end  will  be  shipped  and  the 
measurement  is  charged  from  end  to  end,  that  is 
over-all  including  coupling. 

If  cut  lengths  of  any  sizes  are  ordered  instructions 
must  appear  on  the  face  of  the  order  whether  plain 
ends,  threads  only  or  threads  and  couplings  are 
required.  The  mill  then  cuts  the  pipe  proper  to  the 
length  specified  for  plain  ends  and  threads  only, 
but  if  cut  lengths  with  threads  and  couplings  are 
specified  the  practice  is  the  same  with  the  exception 
that  the  couplings  are  charged  separately,  whether 
they  are  shipped  loose  or  screwed  on  the  pipe. 

On  larger  sizes;  namely,  14  inch  O.  D.  and  larger, 
information  must  appear  on  the  order  as  to  whether 
plain  ends,  threads  only  or  threads  and  couplings 
are  required,  inasmuch  as  these  large  sizes  are 
customarily  held  in  stock  in  plain  ends,  subject  to 
order  as  to  the  necessary  requirements  in  regard  to 
threads  only  or  threads  and  couplings. 

In  figuring  on  lineal  feet  of  pipe  required  for  lay- 
ing long  lines,  customer  should  make  allowance 
when  figuring  on  pipe  fitted  with  threads  and  coup- 
lings for  the  distance  that  pipe  is  screwed  into 
coupling  when  assembling  in  the  field — the  cus- 
tomary allowance  being  one-half  the  length  of  the 
coupling.  Customer  should  also  make  allowance  for 
the  length  of  joint  in  ordering  our  "NATIONAL" 
Lead  Joint  Pipe. 


This  information  supplements  that  on  page  21 


INDEX 


Abbreviations    of    Terms    Used 
in    the    Pipe    and    Fitting 

Trade 477-479,  654 

Absolute  Zero 328 

Absorption  of  Gases  by  Liquids.    316 

Accuracy  of  Cut  Length 21 

Acid 

In  Boiler  Water 276,  635-638 

Carbonic,  Physical  Properties 

of 209 

Cylinders,  Carbonic 15 

Steel,  Corrosion  of 553 

Acre-foot ....  i  I  v , . .  J. .  I VJ  '.>. .  C     312 

inch 312 

Acres  to  Hectares 462,  464 

Action,    Galvanic,    Caused    by 

long  Exposure  to  Sea  Water  555 
of  Impurities  on  Metal  Pipes.  557 

Water  on  Metals 557 

on  Pipes.. 556,  559 

Zinc  in  the  Corrosion  of  Steam 

Boilers : ..     560 

Adiabatic  Compression  of  Air, 

Work  of 356 

Compression       of       Natural 

Gas 324,  325 

Expansion  and   Compression 

of  Air 355,356 

Advantages  of  Superheating 338 

Advisable    Radii    for    Wrought 

Pipe  Bends 162,  627 

Upsets   for   Lap-welded   and 

Seamless  Tubes 160-161 

After,  Faced  (Definition) 490 

Air 351-364 

Adiabatic      Expansion      and 

Compression  of 355,  356 

Atmospheric  Pressure 352 

Bound  Pipes,  Obstruction  to 

Flow 284 

Composition  of 352 

Compressed  (see  Compressed 

Air) 360 

Effects  of  Bends  and  Fit- 
tings      364 

Flow  of,  in  Pipes 360 

Flow  of,  Tables. 361-364 

Loss  of  Pressure  in  Trans- 
mission      36° 

Velocity  of  Efflux,  Tables. .  357 
Compression  and  Expansion..  355 
Corrosion  by,  in  Feed  Water 

277,  635-638 

Discharge  from  Pipes 358,  359 

Coefficients  of  through  an 
Orifice 358 


Air,  Effect  of  Bends  and  Fittings 

on  Flow  of  in  Pipes 36 

Expansion  and  Compression..     35 

Flow 357-36 

Affected    by    Bends    and 

Fittings 36 

Coefficients  of  Discharge. .'»./'  35 

Compressed 360-36 

Efflux       .....    357-35 

Hawksley  s  Rule 35 

Loss  of  Pressure 359-36 

Under    Pressure    from    Ori- 
fices into  the  Atmosphere    35 

Sturtevant  Rule 35 

Weisbach's  Rule 35 

Index 35 

In  Feed  Water 277,  635-63 

Isothermal    Compression    of, 

Work  of 35i 

Isothermal     Expansion     and 

Compression  of 351 

Line  Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 8< 

Test  Pressures 73,  62, 

Weights  and  Dimensions. 36,  59 
Loss  of  Pressure  in  Pipes.  .359-36. 

Pipe,  Galvanized 36 

Pressure 273,  35 

Pressure,  Volume  and  Tem- 
perature of.  ',Q z.  9.16. ....  35 

Properties  of 352-35' 

Relation  of  Pressure,  Volume 

and  Temperature 35: 

Specific  Heat  of 35; 

Tables  (Weight  of  Air  at  Vari- 
ous Pressures  and  Tem- 
peratures)   353,  354 

Velocity  in  Pipes 359,  360 

Velocity  of  Efflux  of  Com- 
pressed. ....  4$$.  ££.  <}f>].):|<  ,35' 

Volume ".  ~. . . . .  .r  3$! 

Weight  of 352-35- 

Work  of  Adiabatic  Compres- 
sion of 35* 

Work  of  Isothermal  Compres- 
sion of 351 

Allison  Vanishing  Thread  Tub- 
ing, "NATIONAL" 
Ends  Upset 

Section  of  Joint.  .  •  -r\rrmf\^\  & 
Test  Pressures . . . . .'  H  \ v I1 :  Y  J  7. 
Weights  and  Dimensions. . .       3, 
Not  Upset 

Section  of  Joint.  .yfJUCfJIO^  B 

Test  Pressures.  . •  --irft   ' 

Weights  and  Dimensions. . .       3 


672 


Index 


673 


Allowances    for    Machining    to 

size  Cream  Separator  Bowls  ^104 
Uuminum,    Corrosion  of   Steel 

and 556 

Weight  of  Cast 423 

Vmerican  Soc.  Mech.  Engrs 
Pipe  Thread  Commission ....     209 

Standard  Flange 169,  176 

Steel  Manufacturers'  Gages. .     369 

Wire  Gage /ol'l  .oj.  cc; . . .     369 

Ammonia 

Absorption  by  Water 316 

Cock  Thread  (Definition) ....     479 
Cylinders,  "NATIONAL "...     518 

Fittings  (Definition) 479 

Joint  (Definition) 479 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 624 

Specifications  for  Special.  .98,  625 

Test  Pressures. 623 

Weights  and  Dimensions.. .     597 
\nalysis  of  Bessemer  Pipe  Steel.       10 
of  Open  Hearth  Pipe  Steel. ..       10 
of  "  SHELBY  "  Seamless  Steel 

Tubes 16,  18,  19,  591 

Jichor  Poles 109 

Vngle  Valves 169,  170,  479 

ngle  Gate  Valve  (Definition). .     479 
.ngular      Section      Specialties, 

"  SHELBY  "  Seamless  Steel     196 
.ngus       Smith       Composition 

(Definition) 479 

Animal   Oils  in   Boiler  Water, 

Effect  of 276,  635-638 

.nnealed  End  Tube  (Definition)     480 

Vnnealing  and  Welding 10,  20 

Pots,  Heads  for 190 

Anneal  of "  SHELBY  "  Seamless 

Steel  Tubes 17-19 

Apothecaries   Drams   to   Milli- 

liters 462,  466 

Scruples  to  Milliliters 466 

Appendix  to  Book  of  Standards 

517-714 

Applicability  of  Barlow's  For- 
mula      224 

\pplication,  Table  of  Properties 
to  Round  Bars.  .420,  421,  648-651 
to  Tubes  and  Pipe 

421,422,  648-651 
\pproximate  Formula  for  Flow 

of  Water  in  Pipes.  .280-281,  638 
Teh  Tube,  Brick  (Definition). .     482 

Vrch,  Water  (Definition) 514 

rea,  Circular 4i9~459,  648-651 

Comparison  of  Customary  and 

Metric  Units..  .463-472,  652-653 
Cross  Section  of  Pipes, 

58-65,  419-459,  610-620,  648-651 

Square  Pipes 66,  609 

Rectangular  Pipes 67,  600 

"SHELBY"  Tubing. . .  .200-201 
Factors  for  Tubes 373~375 


Area,      Measures     in     Metric 

Equivalents  . .  .462,  464,  652,  653 

Surface,  of  Pipe 57,  648-651 

Areas,  Circumferences  and  Surfaces 
for  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues. .     651 
Pipe,  Double  Extra  Strong.     650 

Extra  Strong 649 

Standard 648 

Armstrong  Joint  (Definition) . . .     480 

Artesian  Joint  (Definition) 480 

Cressed  (Definition) 486 

Well  Water,  Corrosion  by 560 

Assembling  Bump  Joints 166 

Butted  and  Strapped  Joints. .     165 

Pole  Joints  in  Field 115 

Association    of    Steel    Mfgr's. 

Gages 369 

Asphalted  (Definition) 480 

Atmosphere,  Flow  of  Air  into.357,  358 

Flow  of  Steam  into 341 

Pressure  of 273,  352 

Table  for  Readings  of  Barom- 
eter..-.      352 

Atmospheric  Pressure 352 

Attemperator  (Definition) 480 

Authorities  on  Corrosion.  12,  553-590 
Autogenous    Welding    of    High 

Pressure  Mains 586 

of       "NATIONAL"       Pipe 
("NATIONAL "     Bulletin 

No.  26) 655,656,660 

Automobile     Specialties, 

"  SHELBY  "  Seamless  Steel     193 

Avogadro's  Law  of  Gases 314 

Avoirdupois     Weight    Equiva- 
lents  462, 468, 472 

Axles  for  Automobiles 193 

*~.MHHBl  IT M  -  10!   ,  |o.   an 
B 

Back  Outlet 

Central  (Definition) 48o 

Eccentric  (Definition) 480 

Ell  (Definition) 48o 

Pressure  Valve  (Definition) . .     480 
Ball  and  Cup  Joint  (Definition)    487 

Ball  Joint  (Definition) 48o 

Balling  (Definition) 48o 

Banded  Fittings 168 

Bar  (Definition) 48o 

Bar,  Sinker  (Definition) 506 

Bare  Steam  Pipes,  Condensation 

in 348 

Loss  of  Heat  from 348,  349 

Barlow's  Formula, 

214,  218-219,  223-226 

Applicability  of 224 

Barometer  Pressure 352 

Barrels,  Number  of,  in  Cisterns 

and  Tanks :   304-305 

Working 187,  188,  516,  629 

Bars,  Round,  Properties  of..  .419-459 

Application  of  Table  to —     420 

Water  (Definition) 514 


674 


Index 


Base  Y  (Definition) .  .aaauiw  W .     516    |    Bell  (Definition) 481 

Basic  Steel,  Corrosion  of 553    j        a?d  SP*&>\ ;  J°Lnt.  (.Definition)  •     481 

Bath  Houses,  Corrosion  in  (see  _  M°u£ed,  (Definition) 481 

Corrosion)  Bends  (Definition) 481 

c     A  /•r^fi«,t4-;««^      fc'xiu'  ..o^  Close  Return  (Definition) 485 

48°  gSKEJgSST:::  :  S 

RttSE?0* ^68    !        Eighth  (Definition) 489 

Tube  (Definition)'.'. '.'.'.'. '.'.'.'.'.     480    j        Expansion.  163,  1 6 8,  627 

Beading  (Definition) 481  Obstj^ ^^  F1°W  °f  Air' ; ;     ^4 

Beam    and    Column    Sections,  Steam                                     346 

Properties  of  (Tables) . . .  264-267  Water. . . . . . '. ','.                 '.     283 

Beams,  Bending  Moment  of. .  252,  253  Open  Return  (Definition) . . !  1     499 

Comparative  Stiffness  of 255    i        pipe 162,163,500,627 

Comparative  Strength  of 254  Radius  of  (Definition) 502 

Compressive  Stress  in 250  Return  (Definition) 504 

Deflection  of 251  Y  (Definition; 516 

Elastic  Curve  of 251  Bending  and  Flanging 

Elastic  Deflection  of 251  Machine,  Pipe  (Definition). . .     500 

Elasticity . . 254-255  Moment  Factor. . . . 58-65,  610-620 

Equal  Loading  in  any  Direc-  of  Beams 252-253 

tion 256  Pipe  for 95,625 

Formula  for  Flexure  of 256-263  Properties  of  Rectangular.67,  609 

Loading  of 256-263    j  of  Square 66,609 

Mechanical      Properties     of,  Radii  of,  Wrought 162,  627 

Solid  and  Tubular.  . . . 250-263    I        Specifications,  Pipe  for. . .  .95,  625 

Minimum  Weight  of 255    \        Wrought  Pipe,  Radii  of. ...  162,  627 

Modulus  of  Elasticity 255,  257  Bent    Specialties,    "SHELBY" 

Moment  of  Inertia 254  Seamless  Steel 195 

Neutral  Surface '250  Tubes  and  Pipe 162,163,627 

Properties  of 250-263        Bernoulli's  Theorem 298 

r  o  r^0118^  V  'i 264-267  Bessemer  Pipe  Steel,  Chemical 

of  Solid  and  Tubular. . . .  250-263  and  Physical  Analysis 10 

M' 

255'  Birmingha 

> o  * 46-49 

Tables  of,  Properties  of. . 256-263  B.    .  ,    ,,  Tubf s-  •;••;:•  ;•.;/  •  5°-s6 

and    Tubular,    Mechanical  Birme  s  Formula,  Applicability 

Properties  of 250-263  ?f-  •  • ;  •  •  •  •  •+•£''••  -222-223 

Square  Pipe 66,  609  for.  Strength  of  Tubes,  In- 

Stiffness  of 255  ternal  Pressure, 

Strength  of .254,  255  „.      2?7'  2I*1  219>  22l>  22*>  630-634 

Stresses  in  250        Bituminous  Coating 107 

Trolley  Poles                        197  Black  Pipe,  Weights  and  Dimen- 

Tensile      and      Compressive  fe^'^ftS^T1^?^ 

Stresses  in 250  Standard,  "NATIONAL  ') 

Tubular,  Properties  of 250,  256        Blank  Flange  (Definition) 481 

Tables  of,  Properties  of  256,  263  Blanking  Flange  (Definition) . ,  .,T  481 

of  Uniform  Cross  Section,  Me-  Blast  Furnace  Fittings 170 

chanical  Properties  of . . .  256-263        Bleeder  (Definition) 481 

Vertical  and  Horizontal  Load-  Blind  Flange  (Definition) 481 

ing  of 256        Block  Joint  (Definition) 481 

Shear  of 250  Boiler  Corrosion  (see  also  Corro- 

Bearing,  Shaft 195  sion) . . 275-277, 558-560, 635-638 

Bedstead  Tubing,  "NATIONAL"  Feed  Water  (see  Corrosion) 

Weights  and  Dimensions  of . .       31  Flange  (Definition) 481 

"NATIONAL"    Bulletin  Flue  (Definition) 491 

No.  21  655,  656,  659  Joints 164,  165 


Index 


675 


Boiler,  Flues  (see  Boiler  Tubes) 
Incrustation  and  Corrosion, 

275-277,  635-638 

Plates,  Corrosion  of 559 

Remedy  for  Troublesome  Sub- 
stances in 276,  635-638 

Safe  Ends,  Specification 

101-102,  625 

Shells 194 

Thimble  (Definition) 481 

Tubes 

Circumferences,  Areas  and 

Surfaces  for 651 

Corrosion  of  (see  also  Cor- 
sion),  275-277,  558-560,  635-638 

Cause  of 637-638 

"NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  4 655,  656,  665-666 

(Definition) 482 

Flanging  Tests 13 

Holding  Power 210 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for     634 
Literature  about, 

655,  656,  664-666 
Locomotive 

"NATIONAL,"    Lap- 
welded 

Specification 99,  625 

Test  Pressures 72,  622 

Weights  and    Dimen- 
sions  40,  596 

"SHELBY  "Seamless 

Specification 101,  625 

Test  Pressures 102 

Weights    and    Dimen- 
sions  38-39 

Merchant      and      Marine, 

Specification 100-101,  625 

Seamless  Steel.  "SHELBY" 

Specifications ioo>  101,  625 

Test  Pressures roi,  102 

Weights  and  Dimensions.38-39 

Slipping  Point  of 210-211 

Standard,   "NATIONAL," 
Lap-welded 

Specification 100-101,  625 

Test  Pressures 72,  622 

Weights  and  Dimensions.      41 
Stationary     and     Marine, 
("NAT  I  ON  A  L" 
Bulletin  No.  16) 

655,  656,  665 

Surfaces  for 651 

Tests .  13,  20, 99,  loo,  101 , 102, 625 
Testing,     Some     Recent 
Developments     in 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  i) .655,656,664-665 

Water  (see  also  Corrosion) 
Boiler     Incrustation     and 

Corrosion 275-277, 635-638 

Purification  of 635-638 

Tube  (Definition) 515 

Boiler,  Water  Tube  (Definition)    515 


Boiling  Point  of  Water 272 

Bolt  and  Nut  Heads,  Screw 

Threads,  Proportion  of.  .370-372 

Bolts,  Dimension  of 371-372 

Strength  of 371,  372 

Bonnet  (Definition) 482 

Books  and  Booklets  issued  by 

National  Tube  Company  655-670 

Bore,  Wine  (Definition) 516 

Boss  on  Cylinder  Heads 189.  190 

Boston  Casing,  "NATIONAL" 
Inserted  Joint 

Section  of  Joint 78 

Test  Pressures z  3  fvpyi 

Weights  and  Dimensions. ".".)      27 
with  Pacific  Couplings 

Section  of  Joint.  .  .  ji.'l  jaiol  Qf^fc 

Test  Pressures 70 

Weights  and  Dimensions .  .        26 
Standard 

Section  of  Joint 78 

Test  Pressures .v/oi  70 

Weights  and  Dimensions .  'J  to  26 

Bowl  (Definition) 482 

Bowls,  Cream  Separator, 

103,  104,  194,  625 

Box  (Definition) 482 

Coil  (Definition) 482 

Service  (Definition) 505 

Boyle's  Law 314 

Boyle  Union  (Definition) 482 

Bracket  Coil  (Definition) 482 

Valve  (Definition) 482 

Branch  (Definition) 482 

Ell  (Definition) 482 

Pipe  (Definition) 482 

Tee  (Definition) 482 

Y  (Definition) 516 

Brass  Cocks 170 

Fittings 167,  522-540 

Mounted  (Definition) 482 

Wedge  Gate  Valves, 
"N.  T.  C."  Iron  Body 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

.No.  13) 655,656,670 

Pipe,  Expansion  of 347 

Unions 169 

Valves 170 

"N.     T.     C."     Regrinding 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  7) 655,  656,  669 

Weight  of  Wrought 423 

Brazed  (Definition) 482 

Breeches  Pipe  (Definition) 482 

Brick  Arch  Tube  (Definition) .  .     482 

Briggs'  Standard 21,  208 

(Definition) 483 

Gages ,-ex     21 

Pipe  Threads. 208-209 

British  Imperial  Gallon  Equiva- 
lents  311-312 

Wire  Gage 369 

Standard  Poles 109,  112 

Thermal  Unit 327 


76 


Index 


rown  and  Sharpe  Gage 369 

ucket  (Definition) 483 

uckling 244 

uilding  Laws  for  Columns.  .244-249 
uildings,  Large,  "NATIONAL'' 
Pipe   in    ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  25)  655,  656,659-660 
ulk  Measure  (see  Masses,  Vol- 
umes and  Capacities) .  . .;»;//  ,' 

460-476,  652,  653 
(see  Metric  Conversion  Tables) 

ull  Head  Tee  (Definition) 483 

ulletins,  "NATIONAL". . .  .655,  656 
Index    to   Nos.    i    to    20 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  20) 655,  656,658 

ump  Joint  Pipe, 165-166, 483 

umped  (Definition) 483 

Heads,  Strength  of 190 

Joint  (Definition) 483 

ursting  Strength  Formula,  Bar- 
low   224,  630-634 

of  Cylinders. .  .189-192,  212-226 

Tubes 212-226,  630-634 

Stress,  Formula 224 

Tests 223-226,  630-634 

of  Commercial  Tubes  and 

Pipes 223-226,  630-634 

Table  of . ...     225 

ushels  per  Acre  to  Hectoliters 

per  Hectare 467 

to  Hectoliters 462,  467 

ushing  (Definition) 483 

Flush  (Definition) 492 

utted  and  Strapped  Joint  Pipe 

164-165,  483 

utterfly  (Definition) 483 

;utt  Sections  of  Poles.  .118-157,  626 

;utt-weld  Pipe  (Definition) 483 

Process  of  Manufacture ...         9 
X  Casing,  "NATIONAL"  Cal- 
ifornia, Diamond  (see  Cal. 
Diamond    BX    Casing, 
"NATIONAL). 
Drive    Pipe,    "NATIONAL" 
California    Diamond     (see 
Cal.  Diam.  BX  Drive  Pipe 
"NATIONAL"). 

y-pass  (Definition) 483 

Valve  (Definition) 483 

C 
lalculating    Table    of    Water 

Horse  Power 299 

:aliber  (Definition) 483 

California  Diamond  BX 
Casing,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 82 

Test  Pressures 71,621 

Weights  and  Dimensions 

29, 503 
Drive  Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 82 

Test  Pressures 76 

Weights  and  Dimensions.      31 


California  Miners'  Inch vii 

Special  External  Upset  Tub- 
ing, "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 82 

Test  Pressures 76,  623 

Weights  and  Dimensions.. 30,  593 
Calking  (Definition) ..........     483 

Recess  (Definition) 483 

Tool  (Definition) 483 

Calorific  Unit 327 

Cap  (Definition) ^ad-jalnm.*!    483 

Caps  for  Cylinders 194 

Capacities,  Comparison  of  Cus- 
tomary and  Metric  Units.466-46y 
of  Cylindrical  Tanks,  Table..     302 
Discharging,  of  Pipe,  Relative 

Double  Extra  Strong 646 

Extra  Strong 644-645 

Standard 306-309 

Factors  for  Tubes 423 

Measurements     (see     Metric 

Equivalents)  .  .460-476,  652-653 
of  Rectangular  Tanks,  Table.     305 

of  "SHELBY"  Tubing 200-203 

Carbon  in  Bessemer  Pipe  Steel .  10 
Open  Hearth  Pipe  Steel ...  10 
"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 

Tubes 16-19,591 

Dioxide,   Physical  Properties 

of 209 

Carbonate    of    Soda    in    Boiler 

Water 276,  635-638 

Carbonic  Acid  Gas 
Corrosion    Caused    by    Dis- 
solved       576 

Cylinder  Heads 189 

Cylinders,  "SHELBY"  Seam- 
less  15,  188,  209-210 

and  Oxygen  in  Boiled  Water 

276,  635-638 

Properties  of 209-210 

Card  Weight  Pipe 22, 483 

Casing  (Definition) 484 

Boston,  "NATIONAL" 
(see  Boston   Casing, 
"NATIONAL"). 
California      Diamond      BX, 
"NATIONAL"    (see    Cali- 
fornia Diamond  BX  Casing, 
"NATIONAL"). 
Coupling  (see  Casing  in  Ques- 
tion). 

Dog  (Definition) 484 

Elevator  (Definition) 484 

Expanded  Joint 27 

Fitting  (Definition) 484 

Head  (Definition) 484 

Inserted  Joint,  "NATIONAL" 
Boston  (see  Boston  Casing, 
"NATIONAL",      Inserted 
Joint). 
Nipples,  Wrought 174, 628 


Index 


677 


Casing,  Shoes  (Definition) 484 

Size,  Trade  Practice 21,  67 1 

South  Penn,  "NATIONAL" 
(see  South  Penn  Casing, 
"NATIONAL"). 

Swelled  Joint 27 

Cast  Iron  Fittings 168,  522-540 

Flanges  Standard 176 

Pipe,  Expansion 347 

Weight  of 423 

Catalogue  Pole  Number.  118-157,  626 
Catcher,  Tubing  (Definition). . .  512 
Cause  of  Corrosion  of  Boiler 

Tubes 637-638 

of  Pipe 12,553-500 

of  Pitting 576 

Center  Poles 109 

Centigrade-Fahrenheit  Conver- 
sion Tables 473~476 

Centimeters  to  Inches. .  .461,463,476 
Central  Back  Outlet  (Definition)  480 
Centrifugal  Separator  Forgings.  194 

Chain  Tongs  (Definition) 484 

Champfer  (Definition) 484 

Characteristics  of  "NATIONAL" 
Pipe  ("NATIONAL"  Bulle- 
tin No.  12) 655, 656,  658 

History,  and  The  Advantages 
of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  n) 655,656.657 

Charcoal  Iron  Corrosion,  Speci- 
mens   566 

Charles'  Law  of  Gases 314 

Chart,  Conversion  for  Lengths', 

Weights  and  Temperatures .     476 

Flow  of  Water 279 

Metric  Conversion 476 

Chasers 10-  i 

Lead  of 

Number  in  Die  for  Different 

Pipe  Sizes 

Threading 10- 

Clearance  of 

Chasing  (Definition) 484 

Check  (Definition) 484 

Valves 169, 170, 484 

Chemical  Action  of  Water,  Cor- 
rosion due  to 559 

Analysis,  Pipe  Steel 10 

"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 

Tubes. 15, 16, 18, 19,  591 

Chezy  Rule  for  Flow  of  Water.28i-282 
Chicago  Building  Ordinances, 

Formula  for  Columns 244 

Chip  Space  on  Threading  Dies. .  10-11 
Chloride  of  Magnesium  in  Boiler 

Water 276 

Chlorine,  Absorption  by  Water.     316 

Corrosive  Action  of 557 

Christie's  Tests  on  Columns 230 

C.  I.  F.  (Definition) 484 

Circular  Flange  (Definition) 484 

Weld  (Definition) 484 


Circulars    Issued    by    National 

Tube  Company 655-670 

Circumferences,    Areas    and 
Surfaces 

for  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues    651 
for  Pipe,   Double  Extrja 

Strong 650 

Extra  Strong 649 

Standard 648 

for  Tubes  and  Round  Bars. 419-459 
Circumferential     Stresses,     In- 
ternal Fluid  Pressure 220-2  2 1 

Cisterns,  Barrels  Contained  in. .     304 

Clamp  (Definition) 484 

Leak  (Definition) 496 

Pipe  /Definition) 500 

Pouring  (Definition) 502 

Service  (Definition) 505 

Water  Pipe  (Definition) 515 

Classification  of  Boiler  Water. . .     637 
of  Pressures,  Valves  and  Fit- 
tings      167 

of  Water  Impurities 636 

Clavarino's  Formula 215 

Applicability 223 

for  Strength  of  Tubes,  Internal 

Pressure 215-220,222-224 

Cleaner,  Flue  (Definition) 492 

Tube  (Definition) 511 

Clean-out  Fitting  (Definition) . .  484 
Clearance  of  Threading  Chasers  10 
Clegg's  Experiment  on  Flow  of 

Gas 317 

Close  Nipple. . .  171, 174, 485, 627,  628 

Return  Bend  (Definition) ....     485 

Coal  Mine  Corrosion556,  571-572,  580 

Tar  (Definition) 485 

Coating,  Bituminous 107 

Corrosion,  Effect  of 554,  556 

Literature  about 65 5,  660,  663 

"NATIONAL" 
94, 107, 108, 109,  625, 655-656, 663 

for  Pipe  (Definition) 485 

for  Poles 118 

Protection  and  Dip 

91,94, 106, 107,  625 

Smith's  (Definition) 479,  507 

Specification,  Dip .91,  92,  625 

"NATIONAL" 94,  625 

with  Zinc 92, 94,  625 

Cock  (Definition) 485 

Cock,  Ammonia,  Thread  (Defi- 
nition)       479 

Corporation  (Definition) 485 

Four-way  (Definition) 492 

Gage  (Definition) 492 

or  Faucet,  Telegraph    (Defi- 
nition)       510 

Pet  (Definition) 500 

Plug  (Definition) 502 

Cocks  and  Valves 169,  170,  485 

Coefficient  of  Air  Discharge 358 

Expansion  of  Iron  and  Steel, 
"Bureau  of  Standards".     211 


678 


Index 


Coefficent,    Flow   of    Steam 

through  Orifices 341 

Roughness,  Kutter's  For- 
mula  281-282,638 

Coil  (Definition) 485 

Box  (Definition) 482 

Bracket  (Definition) . 482 

Expansion  (Definition) 489 

Cold-drawn  (Definition) 485 

"SHELBY"     Seamless    Steel 

Tubes  and  Tubing    (see 

Seamless  Steel  Tubes  and 

Tubing,  "SHELBY") 

Collapse  and  Column  Formulae, 

Comparison  of 230 

Collapsing  Pressures 227-243 

Lilly's  Formula  for 231 

Marine  Law 229 

of  Pipes  and  Tubes. 2 27-243, 664 

Results  of  Research 228 

Stewart's  Formula  for 228 

Tables 232-243 

Tests 227 

Collapse    related    to     Strength 

Column 230 

Research 228 

Under      External     Pressure, 

227-243,  664 

Collar  (Definition) 485 

Flange  (Definition) 485 

Colorado  Miner's  Inch 294-312 

Column  and  Collapse  Formulae .     230 
Flange,      Pump,      Reinforced 

(Definition) 503 

Pump,  Flange  (Definition).  . .  .     502 
Sections,  Tables  of,  Properties 

of 264-267 

Water  (Definition) 514 

Columns,  Chicago   Building  Or- 
dinances, Formula  for 244 

New     York     Building     Code, 

Formula  for 244 

Pipe 244-249 

Safe  Loads  for 

Double  Extra  Strong 249 

Extra  Strong 247-248 

Standard 245-246 

Strength  of 244 

Relation  to  Collapse..  ....     230 

Commercial   Pipe,    Yield    Point 

Tests  on 222,630-634 

Tubes     and    Pipes,    Bursting 

Tests  of 223-226,  630-634 

Pipes  and  Cylinders  to  Re- 
sist Internal  Fluid  Pres- 
sures, Strength  of 

222-226,  630-634 
and  Pipes,  Strength  of  Weld 

of 226,  630-634 

Common   Formula  for  Flow  of 

Gas  in  Pipes 321 

Internal  Pressure 
213-214,  218-219,224,630-634 
Thread  (Definition) 485 


Companion  Flange  (Definition) .     654 
Comparative  Corrosion  (see  Cor- 
rosion) 

Stiffness  of  Beams. 255 

Strength  of  Beams 254 

Comparison    of     Collapse    and 

Column  Formulae 230 

Customary  and  Metric  Units 

from  i  to  10,  Tables 463-469 

Formulae  for  Discharge  of  Gas    323 
of  Fuel  per  Horse  Power  per 
Hour  for  Gas,  Gasoline  and 

Steam  Engines 647 

Internal  Fluid  Pressure  For- 
mulae for  Tubes,  Pipes  and 

Cylinders 218-219 

Tons  and  Pounds 472 

Wrought  Iron  and  Steel  Pipe 

Columns 231 

Competition  Valve 170 

Composition        Angus       Smith 

(Definition) 479 

Chemical  of  Steel  for 
"SHELBY"  Seamless  Tubes 
and  Tubing. 1 5,  16,  18,  19,  591 

Welded  Pipe 10 

of  Air 352 

of  Pipe  Steel, 

9,  10,  15,  16,  18,  19,  211 

of  Water 272 

Compressed    Air,    Flow    of    in 

Pipes 360-364 

Pressure  Losses 360 

Transmission,  Loss  of  Pres- 
sure of 360 

Velocity  of  Efflux  of 357 

Compressibility  of  Water 275 

Compression,       Adiabatic,       of 

Natural  Gas 324-325 

Work  of 356 

and  Expansion,  Adiabatic,  of 

Air 355 

Isothermal  of  Air 356 

Natural  Gas,  Adiabatic 324-325 

Temperature  of  Gas 325 

Compressive  Stresses  in  Beams.     250 

Columns 244 

Condensation    in    Bare    Steam 

Pipes 348 

Condenser  Tubes,  Surface,  Pres- 
ervation of 558 

Conditions,  Effect  of,  on  Cor- 
rosion   554 

for  Pole  Tests 114 

Conduit  Pipe  (Definition) 485 

Cones,     "SHELBY"     Seamless 

Steel 195 

Connection,  Flanged 167,  169 

Screwed 167,  168 

Siamese  (Definition) 506 

Content,  Metallic  Iron,  9f 
Wrought  Iron  and  Steel 
Pipe 566 


Index 


679 


Contents  in  Gallons,  Cylinders, 

301,  302 

Rectangular  Tanks 305 

of  Cylindrical  Vessels,  Tanks, 

etc.,  Table  of 302,  304 

Cylinders  and  Pipes,  Table.    301 
Pipes  in  Pounds  per  Foot. .     303 
Contraction  and  Expansion  of 

Pipes 168 

Lateral,  Coefficient 215 

Convenient  Equivalents 312 

Converged  End 189,  190,  485 

Converse     Lock     Joint     Pipe, 
"NATIONAL" 

Coating,  Protective 109 

Definition.. 108-109,  485 

Leaded  Joints 167 

Reinforcement 109 

Section  of  Joint 84 

Specification 93,  625 

Test  Pressures 74 

Weights  and  Dimensions ....       43 
Conversion      Chart,      Lengths, 

Weights  and  Temperatures.     476 

Table,  Hydraulic 310-312 

Metric  System 652-653 

Surfaces 652-653 

Volumes 311 

Copper     Deposits,      Corrosion 

Caused  by 560 

Pipe,  Expansion  of 347 

Weight  of 423 

Corporation  Cock  (Definition).     485 
Correct  Sizes  of  House  Pipes  for 

Gas,  Table  of 319 

Corrosion 

of  Acid  and  Basic  Steel 553 

in  Bath  Houses, 

564-565,  655,  656,  661-662 
Bibliography,  General. .  12,  553-560 
of  Boilers  and  Boiler  Tubes, 

12,  275-277,  558-560,  635- 
638,  655,  656,  665 

Cause  of 12 

in  Coal  Mines.. .  .556,  571-572,  580 
Coatings,  Effect  of,  on.  .  .  .554,  556 
Comparative,  Specimens  of  562-575 
Conditions,  Effect  of,  on..  .554,  560 
Copper  Deposits,  Caused  by..  560 
Design  of  Hot  Water  Supply 

Systems  to  Minimize.  .576-578 

in  Drainage  Systems 583-584 

Electrolytic.  .  .12-13,  556,  557,  558 

Galvanic  Action 555,  560 

of  Hot  Water  Piping  in  Bath 
Houses, 

562-565,  655,  656,  661-662 
of  Hot  Water  Supply  Systems, 

562-565,  576-578 

Hydrochloric  Acid 560 

Impurities,  Action  of  in  Feed 

Water 275-277,  560,  635-638 

and  Incrustation  of  Boilers, 

275-277,  635-638 


Corrosion 
Investigations,  Summary  of  568-569 

of  Iron  and  Steel 12,  553-590 

Pipe  as  Found  in  Service 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  10) 655,  656,  662 

Literature    about,    Published 
by  National  Tube  Company, 

661-663,  665-666 
in  Mains,  Street.  .584-585,  589-590 

of  Metals 555,557 

Physical  Reasons  for 559 

Pipe 12-13,  553-590,  661-663 

Piling 557,  558,  57°~576 

Plain  Facts  about 

"NATIONAL"  Pipe. . . .  561-575 
Prevention  of  (see  also  Dog 
Guards),  13,  275-277,  558,  559, 
560,  577,  635-638 
Purification  of  Boiler  Water 

275-277,  635-638 
in  Refrigerating  Systems, 

583,  584,  587,  655,  656,  662 

Relative 553-554,  579~59O 

Results  of  Investigations,  Sum- 
mary  568-569 

in  Salt  Water 555 

in  Sea  Water 555~556 

in  Service  Lines 589-590 

in  Steam  Drums 560 

of  Steel  and  Iron 12,  553-590 

Pipe  as  Found  in  Service 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  10) 655,  656,  662 

Specimens 562-575 

of  Surface  Condenser  Tubes. .  558 
of  Tanks  by  Galvanic  Action.  557 
Testimony  as  to  Relative.  .579-590 

Tests 5*79-590 

in  U.  S.  Navy,  of  Boiler  Tubes,, 

557,  559,  56o,  565-566 

Underground 556 

Water,  Boiler,  Purification  of, 

275-277,  635-638 

Zinc,  Effect  of ,  on 560 

Corrugated  Joint  (Definition) .  .     486 

Counterbored  (Definition) 486 

Countersink  (Definition) 486 

Countersunk  (Definition) 486 

Coupling  (Definition) 486 

Pipe  (Definition) 500 

Socket  (Definition) 507 

Steam  (Definition) 509 

Union  (Definition) 513 

Couplings  (see  Product  in  Ques- 
tion, also  "Joint") 
Covering,  Pipe  (Definition) ....     500 

Coverings,  Steam  Pipe 348-350 

Cox's  Formula  for  Discharge  of 

Gas 321 

Loss  of  Head  by  Friction 
in  Pipes . . .  289-290,  639-643 


680 


Index 


Cream  Separator  Bowls,  Speci- 
fications for  "SHELBY" 
Seamless  Cold-drawn  Steel 

Tubes  for 103-104,  625 

Specialties 194 

Cressed  (Definition) 486 

Artesian  Joint  (Definition) . . .     486 

Crippling  of  Poles 116 

Cross  (Definition) 486 

Cross-over  (Definition) 486 

Bend  (Definition) 486 

Pipe  Bend 163,  627 

Tee  (Definition) 486 

Rolls,  Effect 8-0 

Section  of  Pipe 58-65,  610-620 

Square  Pipe 66,  6og 

Rectangular  Pipe 67,  609 

Tube  (Definition) 486 

Valve  (Definition) 487 

Crotch  (Definition) 487 

Crushing  Down  Test.  .13,  95,  100,  102 

Test  (Definition) 487 

Cubic  Centimeters,  Capacity  of 

Pipe 423 

Contents,   Pipes   and   Cylin- 
ders. .301-304,  419-459,  648-651 

Seamless  Tubing 200-203 

Tubes 419-459,  648-651 

Cubic  Feet  per  Foot  of  Cylin- 
ders, Table 301 

Cubic  Feet  per  Foot  of  Pipes. . .     301 
Second,  Gallons  per  Minute, 

Table 300 

Foot  Equivalents 311 

Inch  Equivalents 311 

Cup  and  Ball  Joint 487 

Cup  Joint  (Definition) 487 

Cupped  Cylinder  Heads 189-190 

Cupping  (Definition) 487 

Process 15 

Current  Motors,  Water 298 

Curve,  Collapsing  Pressure 231 

Elastic,  of  Beams 251 

Curved  Flange  (Definition) ....     487 
Curves,  Effect  of  on   Flow  of 

Water  in  Pipes 279 

Customary  Sizes  of  Poles 109 

Cut  Length  (Definition) 487 

Limits  of  Accuracy,  Varia- 
tion  21,  671 

Cutter,  Pipe  (Definition) 500 

Tube  Sheet  (Definition) 512 

Cylinder  (Definition) 487 

Caps 194 

Heads 189-192 

Dished,  Thickness  of 191 

Flat,  Thickness  of 192 

Shapes  of 189-190 

Strength  of 190-191 

Specialties,       "SHELBY" 

Seamless  Steel 194 

Cylinders,  Ammonia, 

"NATIONAL" 518 

Bursting  Strength 189 


Cylinders, 

Comparison  of  Internal  Fluid 

Pressure,  Formulae  for.  .218-219 

Contents  of,  Table 301 

for  Gasoline  Engines 195 

Materials  for 15 

Seamless,  "SHELBY" 188 

Specifications 625 

Strength  of,  Under  Internal 

Pressure 212-226,  631-634 

Table  of  Capacities  of 301 

Cylindrical    Tanks,    Table    of, 

Capacities  of,  in  Barrels. ..     304 

Tanks  and  Cisterns,  Table 

of,  Contents  of 302 

Walls,  Strength  of  .212-243,631-634 


Dalton's  Law  of  Gaseous  Pres- 
sures   315 

Darcy's   Formula  for  Flow  of 

Steam  in  Pipes 344 

Water  in  Pipes 282 

Dead  End  of  a  Pipe  (Defini- 
tion)    487 

Decimal    Equivalents    of    Feet 

and  Inches 366-368 

Fractions 368 

Vulgar  Fractions 366-368 

Wire    and    Sheet    Metal 

Gages 369 

Fractions  of  Inch 368 

of  a  Foot  for  Each  -fa  of  an 

Inch 366 

an  Inch  for  Each  -fa 368 

Definitions  (see  Particular  Defi- 
nition). 

Definitions  of  Terms  Used  in  the 
Pipe  and  Fitting  Trade 

479-516,  654 

Deflection  and  Set  Limits,  Tubu- 
lar Electric  Line  Poles, 

112-113,  119-157,  626 
Due    to    Load    "SHELBY" 
Seamless  Cold-drawn  Steel 

Trolley  Poles 198 

Elastic,  of  Beams 251 

Dekaliters  to  Pecks 462,  467 

Delivery,  Compressed  Air 360-364 

Water  from  Pipes 278-279 

Density  of  Air 352-354 

Water 272 

Densities  of  Elementary  Gases.     314 
Depth  of  Thread,  Brigg's  Stand- 
ard   208-209 

Design  of  Hot  Water  Supply 
Systems  to  Minimize  Cor- 
rosion  576-578 

Development  of  Pipe  Industry.  7 
History,  Characteristics  and 
The  Advantages  of 
"NATIONAL"  Pipe 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 
No.  n) 655,  656,  657 


Index 


681 


Development  of  Pipe  Industry, 

The     Rise     of     Steel     Pipe 

("NATIONAL"      Bulletin 

No.  24) 655,  656,  659 

Diameter,     Nominal,     Internal 
and  External 

21,  46-56,  58-65,  610-620 
of  Pipe  Required  for  Flow  of 
Known  Quantity  of  Water .     290 
"SHELBY"  Seamless  Tub- 
ing      199 

Diamond  BX  Casing,  California, 
"NATIONAL"    (see    Cali- 
fornia Diamond  BX  Casing, 
"NATIONAL"). 
Diamond  BX  Drive  Pipe,  Cali- 
fornia, "NATIONAL"  (see 
California     Diamond     BX 
Drive  Pipe,  "NATIONAL") 
Drill  Rods,  "SHELBY"  Seam- 
less Cold-drawn  Steel  Tubes, 
Specifications  for. .  .104-105,  625 
Diaphragm,  Expansion  (Defini- 
tion)       489 

Dictionary  of  Pipe  Trade  Terms, 

477-516,  654 

Die  (Definition) 487 

Master  (Definition) 497 

Pipe  (Definition) 500 

Dies,  Threading. .  10-11,  655,  656,  661 
Difference  in  Weight  of  Pipe  for 

Difference  in  O.  D 379-380 

Dimensions   (see  Weights  and 
Dimensions,  also  Product  in 
Question) 
Dip  Coating  (see  also  Coating)  .91, 106 

Specifications 91,94,625 

Pipe  (Definition) 487 

Dipping  Poles 118 

Discharge,  Air,  Coefficients  of    358 
Capacities,  Relative,  of  Pipe, 

Double  Extra  Strong ....     646 

Extra  Strong 644-645 

Standard 306-309 

Chart,    Quantity,    Diameter, 

Velocity 279 

Coefficient  of,  Air 358 

Steam . ..'.     341 

Water 278 

Gas  at  High  Pressure,  Formula 

for 320-321 

Low  Pressure.  Formula. .     317 

Common  Formula  for 321 

Comparison  of  Formula.  .  .     323 

Cox's  Formula 321 

Oliphant's  Formula 322 

Pittsburgh  Formula 321 

Rix's  Formula 321 

Towl's  Formula 321 

Unwin's  Formula 323 

Pipes  Conveying  Water.. .  .278-279 

Relative 306-309, 644-646 

Pumping  Engines 293 

Steam    from    Pipes,    Kent's 
Formula 344 


Discharge,  Water  Through  Pipes     278 

Dished  (Definition) 487 

Cylinder  Heads,  Thickness  of    191 

Heads,  Strength  of 191 

Displacement  per  Lineal  Foot  of 
"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 

Tubing 199 

Dissolved    Carbonic    Acid   and 
Oxygen  in  Boiler  Water 

276,  576,  635-638 

Distribution  of  Gas 317-324 

Dog  (Definition) 487 

Casing  (Definition) 484 

Guard  (Definition) 487 

Guards  for  Poles,  Tubular. .  113-1 14 

Pipe  (Definition) 500 

River  (Definition) 504 

Double  Bend  (Definition) 488 

Branch  Elbow  (Definition) ...     488 
Extra  Strong  Pipe 

Bursting  Tests 225-226, 633 

Columns,    Table    of    Safe 

Loads  for 249 

Circumferences,  Areas  and 

Surfaces  for 650 

Definition 488 

Discharging  Capacities  of, 

Relative 646 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for    633 
Length  per  Square  Foot  of 

Surface 57 

Manufacture,    Process    of    8, 9 
"NATIONAL" 

Test  Pressures 69, 621 

Weights  and  Dimensions      25 

Offset  U  Bend 163, 627 

Riveted  Bump  Joint  Pipe.  .165-166 
Butted  and  Strapped  Joint 

Pipe 164-165 

Sweep  Tee  (Definition) 488 

Drainage  Fittings  (Definition).     488 

Systems,  Corrosion  in 583-584 

Drams,  Apothecaries,  to  Milli- 

liters 422, 466 

Drawing  (see  Seamless  Steel 
Tubes    and     Tubing, 

"SHELBY") 14 

Drawn  (Definition) 488 

Cold  (Definition) 485 

Hot  (Definition) 493 

Dresser  (Definition) 488 

Drifted  (Definition) 488 

and  Reamed  (Definition) ....     503 
Pipe,   "NATIONAL"    (see 
Reamed  and  Drifted  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL"). 

Drill  (Definition) 488 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 80 

Test  Pressures 76 

Weights  and  Dimensions . .       36 
Pole  (Definition) 502 


682 


Index 


Drill    Rods,     D  i  am  on  d,  :>  i  i 
"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 
Tubes  for,  Specification 

104-105,625 

Shot  (Definition) 506 

Drilled  (Definition) 488 

Drilling  Machine  (Definition) .  .     488 
Purposes.     "NATIONAL" 
Pipe    for    ("NATIONAL" 

Bulletin  No.  15) 655,656,658 

Drive  Head  (Definition) 488 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 77 

Test  Pressures 69 

Weights  and  Dimensions.. .       24 
Pipe,    "NATIONAL"    Cali- 
fornia  Diamond    BX    (see 
California     Diamond     BX 
Drive  Pipe.  "NATIONAL") 

Pipe  Joint  (Definition) 488 

Ring  (Definition) 488 

Shoe  (Definition) 488 

Drop  Elbow  (Definition) 489 

of  Pressure  in  Steam  Lines.  .344-346 

Tee  (Definition) 489 

Test . . 116,119 

Drum  (Definition) 489 

Drums,  Steam,  Corrosion  of .  .  .     560 

Dry  Joint  (Definition) 489 

Kiln  Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 
Section  of  Joint  (Corrected)    624 

Test  Pressures. t 76, 623 

Weights  and  Dimensions.  .37,596 
"NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No. 

23 ;. 655,656,659 

Pipe  (Definition), ,  .,i4>;,..v/  •     489 

Quarts  to  Liters 462,467 

Steam 327 

Durability  of  Welded  Pipe  in 
Service       ("NATIONAL" 

Bulletin  No.  3) 655, 656, 662 

of  Wrought  Iron   and   Steel 
Pipe  (see  also  Corrosion) .  561-575 


Eccentric  Back  Outlet  (Defini- 
tion)       480 

Eccentric  Fitting  (Definition) .  .     489 

Eckert  Joint  (Definition) 489 

Eduction  Pipe  (Definition) 489 

Eighth  Bend  (Definition) . .....     489 

Effect  of  Bends  and  Fittings  on 

Flow  of  Air  in  Pipes 364 

Gas  in  Pipes 324 

Steam  in  Pipes 346 

Curves  and  Valves  on  Flow 

of  Water  in  Pipes 283-284 

Efficiency  of  a  Fall  of  Water. ..     297 

Efflux  of  Air 357-358 

Gas ../mo^O'Hc-  •  •  •     3l6 

Steam 341-342 

Velocity  of 357 

Elastic  Curve  of  Beams 251 


Elastic  Deflection  of  Beams 

251,  257-263 

Elongation 113 

Limit  of  Bessemer  Pipe  Steel  10 
Open  Hearth  Pipe  Steel ...  10 
"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 

Tubes 16-17 

Elasticity  Modulus 112,  255,  257 

of  Beams 254-255 

Elbow  (Definition) 489 

Back  Outlet 489 

Double  Branch  (Definition). .     488 

Drop  (Definition) 489 

Heel  Outlet  (Definition) 493 

Reducing  Taper  (Definition).     503 

Resistance  to  Flow 324 

Return  (Definition) 504 

Service 489 

Street  (Definition) 509 

Taper  Reducing  (Definition) .     503 

Three-way  (Definition) 511 

Union 489 

Electric  Line  Poles  (see  Poles). .     109 

Tables,  Tubular 120-157,  626 

Electrolysis 13,  556,  557,  558 

Elementary  Gases,  Densities  of.     314 

Elevator  (Definition) 489 

Casing  (Definition) 484 

Ell.  Back  Outlet  (Definition) ...     480 

Ell,  Branch  (Definition) 482 

Ell  (Definition) 489 

Ell,  Service  (Definition) 505 

Ell,  Side  Outlet  (Definition) ....     506 

Ell,  Union  (Definition) 513 

Elongation  Bessemer  Pipe  Steel.      10 

Elastic 113 

Open  Hearth  Pipe  Steel 10 

Pipe  Caused  by  Heat 346-347 

"SHELBY"    Seamless    Steel 

Tubes 16-19 

Tubes  by  Heat 211 

End,  Annealed,  Tube   (Defini- 
tion)       480 

Converged  (Definition) 485 

Cylinder 189-190 

Dead,  of  a  Pipe  (Definition) . .     487 
Expanded,  Tube  (Definition)     489 

Plain  (Definition) 501 

Safe  (Definition) ; . . .     505 

Energy  of  Water  Flowing  in  a 

Tube 298 

Engine  Cylinder  Forgings 195 

Engines,   Gas,   Gas  Quantities, 

Feed  Pipe  Sizes,  etc.,  for.    647 
Gasoline  and  Steam  Fuel  per 
Horse  Power  per  Hour  for.     647 
Pumping,  Discharge  of ....  293-294 

Sizes  of  Steam  Pipes  for 347 

Thermal  Waste 338 

Entrance,  Resistance  to  Flow  of 

Steam  Due  to 346 

Entropy,  Tabular  Values, 

329-333,339-340 
Entry  Head,  Flow  of  Water 277 


Index 


683 


quation  of  Pipes . . . 306-309, 644-646 
Equivalent     Heads    of    Water 
and     Mercury,    Table     of 

Pressure 310    i 

Equivalents,  Convenient 312 

Cubic  Feet,  Gallons,  Seconds, 

Minutes,  Hours 300    j 

Decimal 470-471,476    j 

Foot  for  Each  -^  Inch 366-367    j 

Heat,  Mechanical 328    i 

Hydraulic 310,312 

Inch  for  Each  6\ 368    | 

Masses,  Metric,  English 468    j 

Mechanical  of  Heat 328    j 

Metric 460-476,652-653    i 

Charts 476    j 

Pressure  to  Head 274, 310    i 

Water 310-312    ! 

Evaporation  Factors 333~336    i 

Exhaust   Relief  Valve    (Defini- 
tion)       489    ' 

Expanded  Upset  Tubes 158-161    i 

End  Tube  (Definition) 489    ' 

Joint  (Definition).. uroiJinfoO    489    I 

Joint  Casing 27    j 

Riveted 165-166    I 

Expander,  Tube  (Definition). .  .     512    i 
Expanding  of  Boiler  Tubes  into 

Tube  Sheets 210    ! 

Test  Boiler  Tubes 102,  625    '• 

Expansion     and     Compression, 

Adiabatic  of  Air 355 

Isothermal,  of  Air 356    i 

Contraction  of  Pipes 168    ' 

Bend 163, 168,  627 

Coefficient 211 

Coil  (Definition) 489    ! 

Diaphragm  (Definition) 489    I 

Gases 314-320 

Joint -.'-}''.  .'iu-/-. . .-.  .168,  489    ' 

Expansion  Loop. ...  163, 1 68, 490,  627 

of  Air  Adiabatic 355 

Isothermal 356 

Gas,  Mariotte's  Law 314 

Iron     and     Steel     Tubes, 

Thermal 211    i 

Pipes  by  Heat 346-347    j 

Steam 346-34?    I 

Tubes  by  Heat 211, 346-347 

Water ,ffff  .^^  272    ! 

Pipes  (Definition) 490    j 

Ring  (Definition) 490    i 

Valve  (Definition) 490 

Experimental  Tests  or  Research, 

Bursting 212-226,  630-634    I 

Carbonic  Acid 209    j 

Collapse 227-243    I 

Elasticity 112-113 

Holding      Power      of 

Boiler  Tubes 210-211    j 

Strength  of  Pole  Joints     116    ! 
Exponential  Formula,  William's 

and  Hazen's 283 

Extension  Piece  (Definition) .  .  .     490 


External  Diameter  of  Pipe/Af  ,sioJ: 

58-65,  610-620 
Pressure    to     Produce     Col- 

c  r?  •    lapse 227-243 

Surface  Length  of  Pipe  per 

Square  Foot 38-41,  57,  199 

per  Lineal  Foot, 

38-41,  199,  419-459,  648-651 
External    Upset    Tubes,    Lap- 
welded  and  Seamless. . .  .158-161 

Tables  of 160-161 

Tubing.  California  Special, 
"NATIONAL"  (see  Cali- 
fornia Special  External 
Upset  Tubing, 
"NATIONAL") 
External  Volume  per  Lineal 

Foot  of  Pipe . .  .419-459,  648-651 
External     Volume    per    Lineal 
Foot  of  "SHELBY"  Seam- 
less Tubing 199 

Extra  Heavy  (Definition) 490 

Fittings 168-169 

Pipe  Flanges,  Threaded.  169,  175 

Pressures,  Working 168 

Unions uiaiJuiiiaG)  .adu'J&p 

Valves 170 

Long  Nipples 171-174,  627-628 

Strong  (Definition) 490 

Double  (Definition) 488 

Pipe  (see  Double  Extra 

Strong  Pipe) 
Pipe 

Bursting  Tests. .  .225-226,  632 
Columns,  Table  of  Safe 

Loads  for 247-248 

Circumferences,       Areas 

and  Surfaces  for 649 

(Definition) 490 

Discharge  Capacities  of, 

Relative 644-645 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures 

for 632 

Length  per  Square  Foot 

of  Surface 57 

Manufacturing  Process  of    8,  9 
"NATIONAL" 

Test  Pressures 69,  621 

Weights    and    Dimen- 
sions        25 

Used  inPoles. in,  118-157, 626 

F 

Face,  Raised(  Definition) 503 

Faced  After  (Definition) 490 

Spot  (Definition) 508 

Factors,  Area,  for  Tubes 373-375 

Capacity  for  Tubes 423 

Deflection  of  Poles 119-157 

Evaporation  of 333~336 

Internal  Fluid  Pressure 220-221 

Safety 268-270 

for  Collapse 228 

Strength,  for  Pipes.. 58-65,  610-620 
Weight  for  Different  Materials    423 


684 


Index 


Factors,  Weight,  for  Steel  Tubes 

376-378 
Facts,  Plain,  about 

"NATIONAL"  Pipe. . .  .561-575 
Fahrenheit     Thermometer     to 

Centigrade 473-476 

Fairbairn's,  Sir  Wm.,  Tests.  ...     227 
Fall  of  Water,  Power  and  Effi- 
ciency of 297-299 

Faucet  (Definition) 490 

Faucet    or     Cock,     Telegraph 

(Definition) 510 

Feed  Pipe,  Internal  (Definition)    494 
Feed  Pipe  Sizes,  Gas  Quantities, 

etc.,  for  Gas  Engines 647 

Feed  Water  Impurities, 

275-277,  635-638 

Regulator  Floats 194 

Feet,    Decimal    Equivalent    of 

Inches  and 366-367 

Feet  to  Meters 461,  463 

Female  and  Male  (Definition)  .    497 

Fence  Railings 177-182 

Ferro  Steel  (Definition)     490 

Ferrule  (Definition) 490 

Tube  (Definition) 512 

Fiber  Stresses,  Beams, 

250-251,  257-263 

Collapse  of  Tubes 228 

Internal  Fuid  Pressures, 

212-226,  630-634 

Safe  Working 268-270 

Field  Joint  of  Poles 115,  490 

Field  Tube  (Definition) 491 

Fifth    Roots    and    Powers    of 

Numbers 365-366 

Filling  Valve,  Receiver  (Defini- 
tion)       503 

Finished      Cold,      "SHELBY" 

Seamless  Steel  Tubes 15 

Finished      Hot,      "SHELBY" 

Seamless  Steel  Tubes 14 

Fire  Hydrant  (Definition) 491 

Plug  (Definition) 491 

Fitting,  Ammonia  (Definition)..     479 
and  Pipe  Trade,  Glossary  of 

Terms  Used 477-516,  654 

Clean-out  (Definition) 484 

Eccentric  (Definition) 489 

Inverted  (Definition) ....     494 

Long  Turn  (Definition) 497 

Fittings 167,  491 

Blast  Furnace 170 

Cast  Iron 168 

Converse    Lock    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 93,  625 

Drainage  (Definition) 488 

Effect  of,  on  Flow  of  Air 364 

Gases 324 

Steam 346 

Water 283 

Extra  Heavy  Pipe 175 

Flanged 167 

Malleable 168 


Fittings,  Pipe  (Definition) 500 

Railing 177-182,  503 

Screwed  (Malleable  and  Cast)    168 

Trade  Terms 477-516,  654 

Valves  and,  General 167-170 

Literature  about 667-670 

Working  Pressures  of 167-168 

Flag  Poles 115 

Flange  (Definition) 491 

Blank  (Definition) 481 

Blanking  (Definition) 481 

Blind  (Definition) 481 

Boiler  (Definition) 481 

Circular  (Definition) 484 

Collar  (Definition) 485 

Companion  (Definition) 654 

Curved  (Definition) 487 

Internal  (Definition) 494 

Joint,  Peened  (Definition) .  .  .     499 

Welded  (Definition) 516 

Flange  Pressed  (Definition) ....  502 
Pump  Column  (Definition).. .  502 
Reinforced,  Pump  Column 

(Definition) 503 

Riveted  (Definition) 504 

Rolled  Steel  (Definition) 504 

Saddle  (Definition) 505 

Spun  (Definition) 508 

Union 169,  491 

Flanged  (Definition) 491 

Connections 167,  169 

Fittings 167,  169 

Joints 167,  491 

Pipe 167,  491 

Valves 167 

Flanges,    Extra    Heavy    Pipe, 

Threaded 169,  175 

Pipe,  Standard 169,  176 

Flanging  and  Bending,  Specifi- 
cations, Pipe  for 95,  625 

Flanging  Test. .  .13,  95,  100-102,  625 
Flat  Cylinder  Heads,  Thickness    192 

Flat  Head  (Definition) 491 

Flat  Heads,  Strength  of 191 

Flattening  Test.  .13,  95,  100,  102,  625 

Flexible  Joint  (Definition) 491 

Flexure    of    Beams,    Formulae 

for 256-263 

Floats,    "SHELBY"    Seamless 

Steel 194 

Flow 

of  Air 357-364 

Compressed 360-364 

Gill's  Formula  for 317 

Obstructions  to .     364 

Through  Orifices 357~358 

of  Gas 317-325 

Formulae 317,  321-323 

Humphrey's  Observations. .     319 

Obstructions  to 324 

in  Pipes,  High  Pressure.  .320-324 

Low  Pressure 317-320 

Tables  from  Molesworth's 
Formula 317-318 


Index 


685 


Flow,  of  Gases ^uxJ,ka*jji .     316 

of  Steam 34i~347 

into  Atmosphere 341-342 

in   Low   Pressure   Heating 

Lines.. 345 

Obstructions  to 346 

of  Water 277-299,  638-643 

Approximate  Formula 280 

Darcy's  Formula 282 

Diameter  of  Pipe  Required     290 

Horse  Power  of 297-298 

Kutter's  Formula 281,  638 

Measurement  of 291-296 

by  Maximum  and  Mean 

Velocity 292 

Miner's  Inch 294-296 

Nozzles 293 

Piezometer 291 

Pitot  Tube 291 

Venturi  Meter 292 

Tubes 293 

Obstructions  to, 

283,  286-288,  638-643 

in  Pipes 277 

Air  Bound 284 

Chart 279 

House  Service 285 

Hydraulic  Grade  Line . . .     284 

Mean  Velocity 280-283 

Quantity  Discharge. .  .278-279 

Water  Hammer 168,  284 

William  and  Hazen's  Form- 
ula      283 

Flue  (Definition) 491 

Boiler  (Definition) 491 

Cleaner  (Definition) 492 

Joints 164-166 

Flues,  Boiler  (see  Boiler  Tubes). 
Fluid  Pressures,  Internal 
for  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues. . .     634 

Factors 220-221 

Formulae,  Comparison  of.  .218-219 
for  Pipe,  Double  Extra  Strong    633 

Extra  Strong 632 

Standard 630-631 

Strength  of  Commercial  Tubes, 
Pipes  and  Cylinders  to  Re- 
sist   212-2 26,  630-634 

Flush  Bushing  (Definition) 492 

Joint  (Definition) 492 

Tubing,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 80 

Test  Pressures 75 

Weights  and  Dimensions.       32 

Follower  (Definition) 492 

Long  Screw  (Definition) 497 

Foot,  Cubic  Equivalents. 3 1 1,  462,  465 
Inches  Reduced  to  Decimals 

of 366-367 

Linear,  Kilos  per  Linear  Meter 

to  Pounds  per 652 

Pounds  per,   to   Kilos  per 

Linear  Meter h-u;6&t 

Forged,  Pressed  (Definition) ...     502 


Forgings,  Various  Kinds 193-196 

Formula,  Approximate 280 

Common,    Flow    of    Gas    in 

Pipes,  High  Pressure 321-322 

Cox's,  Loss  of  Head  by  Fric- 
tion in  Pipes. 289,  639-643 

Darcy's 282 

for  Flow  of  Water  in  Pipes...     280 

Kutter's 281,  638 

Oilphant's    Flow    of    Gas   in 

Pipes,  High  Pressure 322 

(see  the  Given  Problem  or  Author) 

Towl's 321 

Unwin's,  Flow  of  Gas  in  Pipes, 

High  Pressure 323 

Williams  and  Hazen's 283 

Formulae,  Comparison  of  High 

Pressure  Gas 323 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures,  218-219 
Thickness    of    Pipes    and 
Tubes  under   Collapsing 

Pressure 228-231 

Four-way  Cock  (Definition) 492 

Tee  (Definition) 492 

Fractions,  Decimal  Equivalent 

of 368 

Franklin  Institute  Threads..  .370-372 

Free  on  Rails  (Definition) 492 

Friction,  Cox's  Formula  for, 

289,  639-643 
Head  of  Water, 

278,  286-290,  639-643 
Loss  of  Head  by,  in  Pipes, 

286-288,  639-643 
Fuel  per  Horse  Power  per  Hour 

for  Engines 647 

Full  Flow  Joints 165 

-way  Valve  (Definition) 492 

Furnace  Fittings,  Blast 170 

Melting  (Definition) 498 


Gage 369,  492 

Briggs'  Standard.  .21,  168,  208-209 

Cock  (Definition) 492 

Length  (Definition) 492 

Plug  (Definition) 502 

Ring  (Definition) 492 

Thread ,  Valves  and  Fittings . .  1 68 

Water  (Definition) 515 

Wire  and  Sheet  Metal  in  Deci- 
mals of  an  Inch 369 

Gallon,  British  Imperial 311 

Equivalents 311-312 

Gallons,  Cubic  Feet  and  Table . .  300 

per  Foot  of  Cisterns 302 

per  Foot  of  Cylinders 301 

per  Foot  of  Cylindrical  Ves- 
sels   302 

per  Foot  of  Pipes 301 

per  Foot  of  Rectangular  Tanks  305 

per  Foot  of  Tanks 302 


686 


Index 


Gallons,  per  Lineal  Foot  Dis- 
placed by  ".SHELBY" 
Seamless  Tubing  .........     199 

per  Minute,  Cubic  Feet  per 
Second  ..................     300 

to  Liters  .................  462-466 

Galvanic  Action  ........  555,  557,  560 

Galvanized 
Nipples,  Long  Screw  ........     173 

Pipe  ..............  171-1  72,  627 

Tank....  ................     173 

Pipe  (see  Pipe). 
Galvanizing  .....  92,  94,  107,  492,  625 

Ganguillet's  Formula,  Flow  of 

Water  in  Pipes  .....  281-282,  638 

Gas  .......................  313-325 

Absorption  of,  by  Liquids.  ...     316 

Adiabatic     Compression     of 
Natural  ........  .........     324 

Avogadro's  Law  ............     314 

Charles'  Law  ...............     314 

Cocks  .....................     170 

Common    Formula    for    Dis- 
charge of  ................     321 

Comparison  of   Formula  for 
Discharge  of  .............     323 

Compression  of  ...........  324-325 

Cox's  Formula  .............     321 

Density  of  .................     314 

Effects  of  Bends  and  Fittings.     324 
Engines,  Fuel  per  Horse  Power 

per  Hour,  for  ...........     647 

Gas  Quantities,  Feed  Pipe 
Sizes,  etc.,  for  ............     647 

Expansion  of,  Mariotte's  Law 
for  ............  ..........     314 

Flow    in    Pipes,    High    Pres- 
sure ...................  320-324 

Low  Pressure.  .316,  317-325 
Affected  by   Bends   and 
Fittings  .............     324 

under    Pressure,    Common 
Rule  ..................     32 

Cox's  Rule  ...........     32 

Oliphant's  Rule  ......     32 

Pittsburgh  Rule  ......     32 

Rix's  Rule  ' 


.......     , 

Towl's  Rule....  ......     32 

Unwin's  Rule  ......  .;.  -323 

Formula  for  Discharge  at  High 
Pressure  .................     321 

Low  Pressure  ..........     317 

General  Index  ..............     313 

Gills  Formula  for  Flow  of  ....     317 

Law  of  Mariotte's  .......  ;  _  uof|ni4 

Lines,   "NATIONAL"   Plain 
End  Pipe  for  ...........  600-608 

Mains,  Corrosion  in, 

584-585,  589-590 
Maximum  Supply  of,  Through 
Pipes  ...................     317 

Mixtures  of  Gas  and  Vapors  .  .     315 
Molesworth's     Formula     for 
Flow  of  .....  tfnAT.ip.4Qq  .  .     317 


Gas,  Natural,  Compression  of  .324-325 
Oliphant's  Formula  for  Dis- 
charge Of .       722 

Pipe,     "NATIONAL" 
(see  Pipe,   Standard, 
"NATIONAL"). 
Pipes,  Table  of  Sizes  of,  for 

Different  Service 319-320 

Pittsburgh  Formula  for  Dis- 
charge of 321 

Pole's  Formula  for  Flow  of ...     317 

Properties  of 314-316 

Quantities,  Feed  Pipe  Sizes, 

etc.,  for  Engines 647 

Rix's  Formula  for  Discharge.     321 
Saturation  Point  of  Vapors.. .     315 

Sizes  of  House  Pipes 319 

Supply  of ,  Through  Pipes. ...     317 
Temperatures    Produced    by 

Compression 325 

Thread  (Definition) 492 

Towl's  Formula  for  Discharge    321 
Unwin's    Formula    for    Dis- 
charge      323 

Gaseous  Pressures,  Dalton's  Law    315 

Gasket  (Definition) 492 

Gasoline  Engine  Cylinder 195 

Comparison  of  Fuel  per  Horse 

Power  per  Hour  for 647 

Gate  (or  Straightway)  Valve, 

169,  170,  492 

Angle  (Definition) 479 

Wedge  (Definition) 515 

"N.T.C."  Iron  Body  Brass 
Mounted    ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  13).. 655,  656,  670 

General  Notes 21.  671 

Gill's  Formula  for  Flow  of  Gases    317 

Globe  Valve 169-170,  492 

Glossary  of  Terms  Used  in  the 
Pipe  and  Fittings  Trade, 

477-516",  654 

Go  Devil  (Definition) 492 

Goose  Neck  (Definition) 493 

Grade  Line,  Hydraulic 284 

Grains  to  Grams 462,  468 

Gram 460 

to  Avoirdupois  Ounces, 

462,  468,  476 

to  Grains 462,  468 

Troy  Ounces 462,  468 

Grashof's    Formula    for    Flat- 
heads 191 

Grate,  Water  (Definition) 515 

Grease  in  Boiler  Water,  Effect 

of 276,  635-638 

Grief  Pipe  (Definition) 654 

Grip  Pipe  (Definition) 654 

of  Tubes  on  Tube  Sheets 210 

Grommet  or  Grummet  (Defini- 
tion)       493 

Groove  and  Tongue  (Definition)     511 

Ground  Joint  (Definition) 493 

Guards,  Dog 113,  487 


Index 


687 


Gyration,  Radius  of, 

244,  257,  264-267 
Pipe.  .58-65,  419-459,  610-620 
"SHELBY"  Seamless 

Tubing 206-207 

Tubes  and  Round  Bars, 

419-459 

H 

H-Branch  (Definition) 493 

Half  Turn  Socket  (Definition) . .     493 
Hammer    Jarring    While    Under 

Pressure  Test 69,  76,  621,  623 

Water 168,  284,  515 

Hand  Railings 177-182 

Tight  (Definition) 493 

Hanger,  Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Hard  Solder  (Definition) 493 

Hardness,  Standards  of 636 

Hawksley  Rule  for  Flow  of  Air.     359 

Hazelton  Head  (Definition) 493 

Hazen's  Exponential  Formula. .     283 

Head  (Definition) 493 

Bull,  Tee  (Definition) 483 

Casing  (Definition) 484 

Drive  (Definition) 488 

Flat  (Definition) 491 

Hazelton  (Definition) 493 

Loss  of,  by  Friction 

286-290,  639-643 

Water 

277,  286-288,  297-299,  639-643 

Patterson  (Definition) 499 

Rose  (Definition) 654 

Support,  Cylinder  212-213,  222-223 
Heads,   Bolt  and  Nut,   Square 

and  Hexagon 370 

Cylinder 189-192 

Horse-power  of  Water. 299 

of  Water  and  Mercury,  Table 
of  Pressure  in  Equivalent. .     310 

Header  (Definition) 493 

Heat,  Latent  of  Steam 327-333 

Loss  by  Convection 348 

from  Steam  Pipes 348 

Mechanical  Equivalent  of. ...     328 

of  Saturated  Steam 327-333 

of  Vaporization 327~333 

Required  to  Evaporate 328 

Specific  of  Air 355 

Ice j^tvT  -Mtjr'  •  •     274 

Saturated  Steam 328 

Superheated  Steam 337 

Water 275 

Superheated  Steam 339~34Q 

Total  of  Saturated  Steam.  .327-333 
Treatment  (see  Annealing) . . .  14-20 

Unit,  British  Thermal 327 

Water. 3 27-333 

Heating  Lines,  Flow  of  Steam ..     345 

Surface 38-41 ,  57,  596 

Heavy,  Extra  (see  Extra  Heavy) 
Hectares  to  Acres 462,  464 


Hectoliters      per      Hectare      to 

Bushels  per  Acre 467 

to  Bushels 462,  467 

Heel  Outlet  Elbow  (Definition) .     493 

Height  of  Poles no 

Hexagon   and   Square   Nuts  and 

Heads 370 

High  Pressure,  Flow  of  Gas  in 

Pipes  at 320-324 

Street  Mains,  Materials  for.  .     585 
Autogenous  Welding  of. ...     586 
History,     Characteristics     and 
The     Advantages    of 
''NATIONAL"    Pipe 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  n) 655,656,657 

Holding  Power  of  Boiler  Tubes.     210 

Hook,  of  Threading  Dies 10 

Horn  Socket  (Definition) 493 

Horse  Power,  Fuel  per,  per  Hour 

for  Engines 647 

of  a  Running  Stream 297 

of  Flowing  Water 297-298 

of    Water    Under    Different 

Heads 299 

Hose  Mold  and  Hose  Pole  Speci- 
fication  105,  625 

Hot  Drawn  (Definition) 493 

Finished  "SHELBY"'  Seam- 
less Steel  Tubes. .  .14,  520-521 

Tube  (Definition) 493 

Water  Supply  Systems,  Design 
of,  to  Minimize  Corrosion 

576-578 

Classification  of 577~578 

Corrosion  of  Pipe  in 

562-564,    570,    572-575,    579, 
580,  583,  584 
"NATIONAL"  Bulletins 
Nos.  2  and  10 

655,  656,  661,  662 
Hotel  Hot  Water  Supply  Service 

Specimens 562,  572-575 

House  Pipes,  Table  of  Sizes  of, 
for  Different  Lengths  and 

Number  of  Outlets 319-320 

Service  Pipes,  Flow  in 285 

Horizontal  Loading  of  Beams. . .     256 

Hub  (Definition) 493 

Converse    Lock    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL,"  Section  of      84 
Matheson  Joint  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL,"  Section  of 

(corrected) 624 

Humphrey  Observations  on  Flow 

of  Gases  in  Pipes 319 

Hundredths  of  an  Inch  to  Milli- 
meters      469 

Hydrant  (Definition) 494 

Fire  (Definition) 491 

Hydraulic  Conversion  Table. 300,  311 

Equivalents 311,  312 

Fittings 168 

Grade  Line .....  ^  .^Q5"6<?§  .     284 


688 


Index 


Hydraulic  Joint  (Definition)  —  404 

Main  (Definition)  ...........  494 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Test  Pressures  ............  597 

Weights  and  Dimensions.  .  .  597 

Pressure  ...................  168 

Radius.  .  .  .  ...............  281-282 

Unions.  .  .  .';<>  *;o£i  ..eiuiasi-1  i-  169 

Valves  ....................  170 

Hydraulics  .................  271-312 

Hydrochloric  Acid  in  Boilers  .  .  .  560 
Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures  (see 
Test  Pressures) 


Ice  and  Snow,  Properties  of  ----     274 

Ice  on  Wire  ............  117-118,626 

Illuminating  Gas,  Flow  of  ......     317 

Impact  Tests  .................  16-19 

Imperial,  British,  Gage  ........     369 

Gallon  ....................     311 

Impurities  in  Boiler  Water  ..... 

276,  635-638 
Corrosive  Action  of  .........     557 

Inch,  Miner's  ..........  294-296,  312 

Inches  and  Millimeters  ____  ----     470 

Decimals  of,  for  Each  ^j  .....     368 

of  a  Foot  .......  .  ......  366-367 

of  Gages  in  ..............     369 

Square,  Pounds  per,  to  Kilo- 
grams per  Square  Millimeter    653 
Kilograms  per  Square  Milli- 
meter to  Pounds  per.  .  .  .     653 

Increaser  (Definition)  .........     494 

Incrustation,  Boiler.  275-277,  635-638 
Index,  Air  ..............  .....     351 

Gas  .......................     313 

Steam  .....................     326 

Water  .....................     271 

Indicator  (Definition)  .......  ,  ,     494 

Inertia,  Moment  of  ...........     254 

for  Pipe  .......  58-65,  610-620 

Rectangular  Pipe  ......  67,  609 

"SHELBY"  Seamless 
Tubing  ............  204-205 

Square  Pipe  ..........  66,  609 

Tubes  and  Round  Bars  419-459 
Ingersoll  Rand  Rule  for  Flow 

of  Compressed  Air  ......  360-364 

Ingot,  Corrosion  of  ...........     554 

Inserted  Joint  (Definition)  .....     494 

Casing,  "NATIONAL"  Boston 
Section  of  Joint  ..........       78 

Test  Pressures  ...........  10     71 

Weights  and  Dimensions..  .       27 
Inside  Diameter  Pipe,  Weight 

of  ...................  21,46-49 

Surface  Length  of  Pipe  per 
Square  Foot, 

38-41,  57,  596,  648-651 
Surface  per  Lineal  Foot  .....  38-41, 

206-207,  419-459,  596,  648-651 


Inspection  and  Tests  of 
"SHELBY "Seamless  Steel 

Tubes 20 

Welded  Pipe 13,  98 

(see  also  "Specifications.") 

of  Tubes  for  Steamboats 229 

Internal  Feed  Pipe  (Definition).     494 

Flange  (Definition) 494 

Fluid  Pressures 

for  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues.     634 

Factors 220-221 

Formulae,  Comparison  of  218-219 
for  Pipe 

Double  Extra  Strong 633 

Extra  Strong 632 

Standard 630-631 

Strength   of  Tubes,   Pipes 
and  Cylinders  Under, 

212-226,  630-634 
Surface, 
38-41,  206-207,  419-459,  648-651 

Upset  Tubes 158-161 

Inverted  Fitting  (Definition) . . .     494 
Investigations,    Corrosion,    Re- 
sults of 568-569 

Iron  Body,  Brass  Mounted, 
Wedge  Gate  Valves, 
"N.T.C."("  NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  13). .  .655,  656,  670 

Cast,  Fittings 168-169 

Charcoal,  Analysis 211 

Corrosion  of  (see  Corrosion) 

Malleable  (Definition) 497 

Pipe  Size  (Definition) 654 

Socket  (Definition) 507 

and  Steel  Pipe  and  Tubes 

Bursting  Tests.  223-226,  630-634 
Corrosion  of  (see  Corrosion). 
Durability  of,  Relative, 

557,  562-575 

Expansion  of 211,  347 

Metallic  Content 566 

Pitting  of  (see  Corrosion). 

Strength 223-226,  630-634 

Thermal  Expansion  of 211 

Threading  (see  Threading). 
Isothermal  Expansion  and  Com- 
pression of  Air,  Work  of . . .     356 


Jarring  by  Hammer,  While  Under 

Pressure  Test.. .  .69,  76,  621,  623 

Jars  (Definition) 494 

Joint  (Definition) 494 

Ammonia  (Definition) 479 

Armstrong  (Definition) 480 

Artesian  (Definition) 480 

Ball  (Definition) 480 

and  Cup  (Definition) 487 

Bell  and  Spigot  (Definition). .  481 

Block  (Definition) 481 

Boiler  Tube,  Slipping  Point 

Of 2IO-2II 

Briggs'  Standard 208 


Index 


689 


Joint,  Bumped  (Definition) 483 

Butted  and  Strapped  (Defini- 
tion)       483 

Converse    Lock    (Definition)     485 

Corrugated  (Definition) 486 

Cressed  Artesian  (Definition)    486 

Cup  (Definition) 487 

and  Ball  (Definition) 487 

Directions  for  Making  Tight .     624 

Dresser  (Definition) 488 

Drive  Pipe  (Definition) 488 

Dry  (Definition) 489 

Eckert  (Definition) 489 

Expanded  (Definition) 489 

Expansion 168,  489 

Field 115,  490 

Flanged 167,  491 

Flexible  (Definition) 491 

Flush  (Definition) 492 

Ground  (Definition) 493 

Hydrostatic  (Definition) 494 

Inserted  (Definition) 494 

Kimberley  (Definition) 495 

Knock  Off  (Definition) 495 

Lead 83,  84,  167,  496,  624 

and  Rubber  (Definition) . . .     496 

Runner  (Definition) 496 

Leaded,  Valves  and  Fittings..     167 

Line  Pipe  (Definition) 496 

Matheson  (Definition) 497 

National  (Definition) 498 

Normandy  (Definition) 498 

Peened  Flange  (Definition).. .     499 

Perkins  (Definition) 499 

Petit's  (Definition) 500 

Pipe  (see  Joint,  Section  of) 

Pole in,  115,  116 

Pope  (Definition) 502 

Pressure  (Definition) 502 

Riedler  (Definition) 504 

Riveted  Pipe. 164-166 

Rust  (Definition) 505 

Screwed 167 

Section  of 77-84,  164-165,  624 

Casing,  "NATIONAL" 
Boston,  Inserted  Joint ...       78 
with  Pacific  Couplings       78 

Standard 78 

California  Diamond  BX .       82 

South  Penn 83 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Air  Line 80 

Ammonia 624 

Bump  Joint 165 

Butted  and  S  trapped  Joint   1 64 
Converse  Lock  Joint...       84 

Drill 80 

Drive 77 

California  Diamond  BX      82 
Dry  Kiln  (Corrected)  ...     624 

Kimberley  Joint 83 

Matheson  Joint  (Corrected)  624 

?.dv,£   Reamed  and  Drifted 79 

Riveted  Joint 164, 165 


Joint,  Section  of 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Rotary,  Special 79 

,     Upset 79 

Signal 97 

Standard 77 

Poles,  "NATIONAL" 

Tubular 115 

Tubing,  "NATIONAL" 

Allison  Vanishing  Thread . , .  8i 
California  Special  External 

Upset 82 

Flush  Joint ....  80 

OilWell 81 

Shop,  for  Poles 115 

Shrunk  (Definition) 506 

Siemen's  (Definition) 506 

Slip  (Definition) 507 

Slipping  Point  of  Rolled  Boiler 

Tube 210-211 

Socket  (Definition) 507 

Spigot  (Definition) 508 

Strength  of  Poles 115-116 

Swaged in,  115-116 

Swing  (Definition) 510 

Swivel  (Definition) 510 

Thimble  (Definition) 511 

Tight,  Directions  for  Making.  624 

Union  (Definition) 513 

Van  Stone  (Definition) 514 

Walker  (Definition) 514 

Welded  Flange  (Definition).  .  516 

Wiped  (Definition) 516 

Jointer  (Definition) 495 

Jointing,  Special  Sizes  of  Poles.,  in 


Kalameined  (Definition) 495 

Kent's  Formula  for  Discharge 

of  Steam  from  Pipes 344 

"KEWANEE"  (Definition) ....     495 

Products,  List  of 522-540 

Literature  about 667-670 

Union  (Definition) 495 

Unions 169,  668 

Some  Tests  of  ("NATIONAL" 

Bulletin  No.  9) ...  655,  656,  668 
Kiln  Pipe,  Dry  (see  Dry  Kiln 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL"). 

Kilograms 460-462 

to  Avoirdupois  Pounds.462, 468, 472 

Equivalents 472 

Pounds  per  Square  Inch  to 
Kilograms  per  Square  Milli- 
meter   653 

per  Square  Millimeter  to 
Pounds  per  Square  Inch . . .  653 

to  Troy  Pounds 462, 468, 472 

Kilometers  to  Miles 461, 463 

Kilos    per    Linear    Meter    to 

Pounds  per  Linear  Foot ...     652 
Pounds  per  Linear  Foot  to,  per 
Linear  Meter 652 


690  Index 


Kimberley  Joint  Pipe. 
"NATIONAL". 

Definition 4QS 

Mill   Practice,   Measurement  671 

Section  of  Joint 83 

Test  Pressures 74 

Weights  and  Dimensions 44 

Knock  Off  Joint  (Definition) . . .  495 
Kutter's  Formula  for  Flow  of 

Water  in  Pipes 281 ,  638 


Ladders.  Pipe 183-186 

Laid  Length  (Definition) 495 

Lame's  Formula  for  Strength  of 
Tubes,  Internal  Pressure 

215,  218,219 

Lap-weld  (Definition)     .  .496 

Boiler  Tubes  (seeBoiler  Tubes) . . 
Pipe  (see  Pipe). 

Bursting  Tests .  223-226,  630-634 

Upset  and  Expanded 158-161 

Process  of  Manufacture.. . .  7,  518 
Uses  of  "NATIONAL". .  541-546 
Tubes,  Upset  and  Expandedi  58-161 
Large  Buildings,  "NATIONAL" 
Pipe     in     ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  25)655,656,659-660 
O.    D.    Pipe,    Plain    Ends, 

"NATIONAL" 598-599 

Mill  Practice.  Measurement    671 

Latent  Heat  of  Steam 327-333 

Lateral  (Definition) 496 

Contraction,  Coefficient 215 

Law,  Avogadro's 314 

Charles' 314 

Chicago         Building         for 
Columns     .  wtf.  clu-niai  244-249 

Dalton's 315 

Marine 229-230 

Inspection     for     Cylinder 

Heads 191 

Mariotte's 314 

New     York     Building,     for 

Columns 244-249 

Lead  (Definition) 10-11,  496 

Lead  and  Rubber  Joint  (Defini-  mX 

tion) 496 

Joint  (Definition) 496 

(see   Converse  Lock  Joint, 
Kimberly      Joint,     and 
Matheson     Joint     Pipe, 
"NATIONAL"). 
Runner  (Definition) . .  ^~9tn   496 

Lined  Pipe  (Definition) 496 

Weight  of 423 

Wool  (Definition) 496 

Leaded  Joints 167 

Leak  Clamp  (Definition) 496 

Length  of  Columns 244-249 

Comparison  of  Customary  and 

Metric  Units 463 


!    Length,  Conversion  Chart  for. . .     476 

Cut 21,487,671 

Gage  (Definition) 492 

Inches  and  Millimeters 469-471 

Laid  (Definition) 495 

Long  (Definition) 496 

Measure  (see  Metric  Equiv- 

alents)... 461, 463, 469-47 1,  476 
of  Pipe  for  One  Square  Foot  of 

Surface 57, 648-651 

Variation  in 21,671 

of  Poles 109-110, 120-157,626 

Random 503, 671 

of  Threads 208 

Weights    and    Temperatures, 

Chart  for  Conversion  ....     476 

Light  Standard  Valves 170 

Lilly's  Formula  for  Collapsing 

Pressures 231 

Lime  in  Feed  Water.275-276,  635-638 
,    Limit    of    Accuracy    of     Cut 
Length   Pipes   and   Diam- 
eters  21, 102, 671 

Straightness,  Hose  Poles.  105,  625 
Limits,  Deflection,  of  Poles ....     112 

Set  of  Poles 112 

Linde's  Equation 337 

Line  Hydraulic  Grade 284 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 77 

Test  Pressures; ,,',  .68,  621 

Weights  and  Dimensions  23,592 
Air    (see    Air    Line    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL") 
Gas,  "NATIONAL"  Plain 

End  Pipe  for 600-608 

Joint  (Definition) 496 

Poles,  Tubular  Electric 

109-157..  626 

Sand  (Definition) 505 

Lineal  Feet,  Mill  Practice,  Meas- 
urement of  Pipe 671 

per         Square        Foot        of 
"SHELBY"       Seamless 

Tubing 199 

!    Linear  Expansion  of  Pipes, 

211, 346-347 

Foot,  Pounds  per,  to  Kilos  per 

Linear  Meter 652 

Kilos  per  Linear  Meter  to 

Pounds  per 652 

Meter,  Kilos  per,  to  Pounds 

per  Linear  Foot 652 

Pounds  per  Linear  Foot  to 

Kilos  per 652 

Lined  Pipe,  Lead  (Definition) .  .     496 

Tin  (Definition) 511 

Lip  of  Threading  Dyes 10 

Union 169,  496 

Liquid  Gallons  to  Liters 462,  466 

Ounces  to  Milliliters 462,  466 

Quarts  to  Liters 462,  466 

Liquids,  Absorption  of  Gases. . .     316 


Index 


691 


Liquor  Marks 91,  93,  98,  625 

List  of  Products,  "KEWANEE," 

522-540 

"NATIONAL" 518-519 

"SHELBY" 520-521 

Liter 460-462 

Capacity  of  Pipe 423 

to  Dry  Quarts 462,  467 

Equivalents 311 

to  Liquid  Gallons 462,  466 

Quarts 462,  466 

Pecks 462,  467 

Literature    of    National    Tube 

Company 655-670 

Live  Load  on  Poles 117,  626 

Loading  of  Beams 258-263 

in  Any •  Direction  Equally     256 
Vertical  and  Horizontal. .     256 

Pipe  Columns 244-249 

Poles 119-157,  626 

Safety  Factors  for  Static 268 

Variable 268 

Seamless       Trolley       Poles, 

"SHELBY" 198 

Wind  on  Poles 116-118,  626 

Lock  Joint  Pipe  "NATIONAL" 
Converse  (see  Converse 
Lock  Joint  Pipe 
"NATIONAL"). 

Nut  (Definition) 496 

Locomotive  Boiler  Tubes  and 
Safe  Ends  (see  Boiler  Tubes). 

Long  Length  (Definition) 496 

Nipples . . 171,  172,  174 

Screw  (Definition) 496 

Follower  (Definition) 497 

Nipples 173 

Ton  Equivalents 462,  472 

Turn  Fitting  (Definition) ....     497 
Longitudinal  Stresses,  Internal 

Fluid  Pressure 212-220 

Loop  (Definition) 497 

Expansion 163,  168,  490 

Loss  of  air  pressure  in  pipes 

3S9-300 

Head  by  Bends 283 

Friction  in  Pipes, 

286-290,  638-643 
Cox's  Formula,  289, 639-643 
Tables       from       For- 
mula  289-290,  639-643 

Valves 283 

Heat  from  Engines 338 

Steam  Pipes 348-350 

Pressure  Due  to  Flow,  Air, 

359-360 

Low  Pressure  Fittings 167,  169 

Flow  of  Gas  in  Pipes  at.. 3 17-3 19 
Heating    Lines,    Flow    of 

Steam  in 345-346 

Valves 170 

Lubrication  of  Threading  Dies . .        1 1 


M 


Machine,  Drilling  (Definition) . .     488 
Pipe  Bending  (Definition).. . .     500 

Tapping  (Definition) 510 

Machining  Allowances,    Cream 

Separator  Bowls 104,  625 

Magnesia  in  Feed  Water, 

275-276,  635-638 
Mams,  Street,  Autogenous  Weld- 
ing of  586 

Corrosion  in 584 

Materials  for 585 

Male  and  Female  (Definition)     497 
Malleable  Iron  (Definition) ....     497 

Fittings 168 

Unions 169 

Mandrel  Socket  (Definition) .  .  .     497 

Manganese  in  Pipe  Steel 10 

"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 

Tubes 16,  18,  19,  591 

Manifold  (Definition) 497 

Marinesmann  (Definition) 497 

Manufacture,    Process    of    (see 
Product  in  Question). 

Manufacturers'  Gages 369 

Standard  Flanges 169,  175 

Pipe  Thread 209 

Margin  of  Security 268 

Marine  Boiler  Tubes  (see  Boiler 
Tubes). 

Corrosion  in 558-560 

Law  Formula  for  Collapse.  .  .     229 
Inspection      of      Cylinder 

Heads 191 

Limitation  of  Pressure  on 

Tubes 229-230 

Mariotte's  Law  for  Expansion 

of  Gases 314,  320 

Marking  of  Pipe,  "NATIONAL"      20 
Mass    Measures     (see    Metric 

Equivalents) 468 

Masses,  Comparison  of  Custom- 
ary and  Metric  Units  of ...     468 

Master  Die  (Definition) 497 

Steam       Fitters,       Standard 

Flanges.  . 169,  176 

Tap  (Definition) 497 

Materials  (see  Product  in  Ques- 
tion). 

Matheson    Joint     Pipe, 
"NATIONAL" 

Coating,  Protective 91 

Definition 497 

and  Dresser  Joint  (Definition)    497 

Leaded  Joints 167 

Mill   Practice,    Measurement    671 

Reinforcements 107 

Section  of  Joint  (Corrected) . .     624 

Specifications 91-92,  625 

Test  Pressures 'A  73 

Weights  and  Dimensions ....       42 
Maximum      Supply     of      Gas 

Through  Pipes 317 

Mean  Velocity  of  Flow  in  Pipes .     280 


692 


Index 


Measurement     Equals     Weight 

(Definition) 498 

Converse    Lock    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 95,  625,  671 

of  Discharge  of  Pumping  En- 
gines by  Means  of  Nozzles  %     293 
Flowing  Water  by  Venturi 

Tubes 293 

Piezometer 291 

Pitot  Tube 291 

the  Venturi  Meter 292 

Matheson  Joint   Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" .  .  .92,  625,  671 
Maximum  and  Mean  Veloc- 
ity of  Flow  in  Pipes 292 

of  Pipe,  Mill  Practice 671 

Water  by  Nozzles 293 

Miner's  Inch 296 

Steamer's  (Definition) 509 

Measures,  Metric. .  .460-472,  652-653 
Mechanical  Equivalent  of  Heat    328 
Properties  of  Solid  and  Tubu- 
lar Beams 250-267 

Medium  Pressure  (Definition)  168,  498 

Fittings 168,  170 

Melting  Furnace  (Definition)...     498 
Point  Influence  by  Pressure. .     274 
Merchant    and    Marine    Boiler 

Tubes  (see  Boiler  Tubes). 
Mercury,  Table  of  Pressure  in 

Equivalent  Heads  of  Water    310 
Metal  Area  of  Pipe, 

58-65,  419-459,  610-620,  648-651 

Sheet  and  Wire  Gages 369 

Metallic  Contents 566 

Metals,  Corrosion  of. . .  .555^  556,  557 
Oxidation  of,  in  a  Refriger- 
ating System 587 

Meter 460-463 

to  Feet 461,  463 

to  Inches 470-47 1 

Linear,  Kilos  per,  to  Pounds 

per  Linear  Foot 652 

Pounds  per  Linear  Foot  to 

Kilos  per 652 

to  Yards 461-463 

Venturi 292 

Metric 

Areas 462,  464 

Capacities 462,  466-467 

Conversion  Chart  for  Lengths, 
Weights  and  Temperatures    476 

Tables 652-653 

and  Customary  Units 463-468 

Equivalents 461-462,  470-471 

Lengths, 

461,  463,  469-471,  476,  652-653 

Masses 468 

System.  .\ 460-472,  652-653 

Ton  Equivalents 462,  472 

Units 460 

Volumes 462,  465 

Weights.  . .  .462,  472,  476,  652,  653 
Temperatures 476 


Mild  Steel  Pipe,  Corrosion  of .  553-590 

Threading  of 561-562 

Miles  to  Kilometers 461,  463 

Mill   Inspection    (see   also   the 

various  Specifications)  .13,  14,  20 
Practice,  Measurement  of  Pipe  671 
Tests  (see  also  Test  Pressures) 

13,  14,  20 
Milliliters      to      Apothercaries' 

Drams 462,  466 

Scruples 466 

Liquid  Ounces 462,  466 

Millimeters  to  Inches.  .  .463,  469-471 
Square,    Kilograms    per,    to 

Pounds  per  Square  Inch .     653 
Pounds  per  Square  Inch  to 

Kilograms  per 653 

Miner's  Inch,  California 312 

Colorado 312 

Flow  Measurement 294-296 

Mines,  Coal,  Corrosion  in.57i, 572, 580 
Minimum  Weight  of  Beams. . . .     255 

Miscellaneous  Specialties 195 

Mixtures  of  Vapors  and  Gases. .     315 

Module 295 

Modulus  of  Elasticity.  ..112,  255,  257 

Section 253-267 

Pipe 58-65,  610-620 

Rectangular  Pipe 67,  609 

Seamless    Tubing, 

"SHELBY" 204-205 

Square  Pipe 66,  609 

Tubes  and  Round  Bars.  .419-459 
Molesworth's  Formula,   Tables 
from,  for  Flow  of  Gas  in 

Pipes 317-318 

Moment,  Bending 252 

of  Inertia,  of  Beams 254 

of  Pipes 58-65,  610-620 

Rectangular 67,  609 

Square 66,  609 

of    "SHELBY"    Seamless 

Tubing 204-205 

of  Tubes  and  Round  Bars 

419-459 

Resisting 253 

Motors,  Water  Current 298 

Mounted  (Definition) 498 

Brass  (Definition) 482 

Mouthed-bell  (Definition) 481 

Mud  in  Feed  Water  275, 276, 635-638 
Multipliers  for  Pipe  Diameters 

for  Gas  Engines 647 


Napier's  Formula 342 

"N.T.C."     Iron     Body     Brass 

Mounted  Wedge  Gate  Valves 

("NATIONAL"     Bulletin 

No.  13) 655,  656,  670 

Regrinding  Valves 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 
No.  7), 655,656,669 


Index 


693 


"NATIONAL"  Bulletins. ..  .655.  656 
Index  to   ("NATIONAL* 
Bulletin  No.  20).. 655,  656,  658 

Coating 94, 107, 108, 109, 

625,  655,  656, 663 
Pipe  (see  Pipe). 

Literature  about 655-670 

Marking 20 

Plain  Facts  about 56i-575 

Uses  of 541-546 

Products,  List  of 518-519 

National  Joint  (Definition) 498 

Pole  Socket  (Definition) 498 

Natural   Gas,   Adiabatic   Com- 
pression of 324-325 

Nature  of  Stress  in  Tube  Wall. .     212 
Navy,  U.  S.,  Corrosion  Tests, 

'      557, .559,  565-566,  589 

Neck,  Goose  (Definition) 493 

of  Cylinders 189-190 

Needle  Valve  (Definition) 498 

Nested  (Definition) 498 

Neutral  Surface  Beams 250 

New  York  Rule  for  Columns . . .     244 
Nickel  in  "SHELBY"  Seamless 

Steel  Tubes .\fi     19 

Weight  of 423 

Ninety  Degreee  Pipe  Bend..  .163,  627 

Nipple  (Definition) 498 

Casing 174,  628 

Close  (Definition) 485 

Long  Screw 173 

Short  (Definition) 506 

Shoulder  (Definition) 506 

Space  (Definition) 507 

Swaged  (Definition) 509 

Tank 173 

Nipples,  Wrought  Casing. . .  .174,  628 

Pipe ; 171-172,  627 

Nitric  Acid  in  Boiler  Water, 

276,  635-638 
Nominal  Diameter,  Internal  and 

External 21 

Non-return  Valve  (Definition)..     498 
Normandy  Joint  (Definition). .  .     498 

Notched  Test 16-19 

Notes,  General,  of  Pipe  Trade .  21, 671 

Nozzle  (Definition) .  .     498 

Measurement 293 

Number  of  Barrels  in  Cisterns 

and  Tanks 304 

Chasers  Required  in  Thread- 
in  g  Dies  (see  also 
"NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  6) ii,  655,  656,  661 

Threads  per  Inch 208 

Nut  (Definition) 498 

Lock  (Definition) 496 

Unions 169 

Nuts   and   Bolt   Heads,   Screw 

Threads,  Proportions  of .  .  .     370 

O 
O.D.    Pipe,    Plain    Ends, 

"NATIONAL"  Large.. 598-509 


O.     D.     Pipe,     Mill    Practice, 

Measurement  of 671 

Odd  size  of  Poles m 

Offset  Pipe  (Definition) 499 

Bends 162,  163,  627 

Oil  in  Boiler  Water,  Effect  of, 

276,  635-638 
Tanks,  Electrolytic  Corrosion 

of..... 557 

for  Threading 1 1 

Well  Tubing,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 81 

Test  Pressures w.n'.&SL 

Weights  and  Dimensions.. .       30 
Oliphant's    Formula    for    Dis- 
charge of  Gas 322 

Open  Hearth  Pipe  Steel,  Chemi- 
cal and  Physical  Analysis.  10, 211 
Open  Return  Bend  (Definition).    499 
Organic    Impurities,    Corrosive 

Action  of 557 

Orifices,  Flow  of  Air  from. . .  .357-358 

Steam  from 341 

Ounces,  Avoirdupois  to  Grams, 

462,  468, 476 

Liquid  to  Milliliters 462,  466 

per  Square  Inch  in  Equiva- 
lent Heads 310 

Troy  to  Grams 462,  468 

Outflow  of  Steam  into  Atmos- 
phere      342 

Outlet,  Back,  Central   (Defini- 
tion)      480 

Back,  Eccentric  (Definition). .     480 

Ell  (Definition) 480 

Heel,  Elbow  (Definition) 493 

Side  (Definition) 506 

Tee,  Side  (Definition) 506 

Outside  Diameter 21 

Pipe,  Weight  of 50-56 

PlainEnds,"  NATIONAL" 

Large 598-599 

for   "SHELBY"    Seamless 

Tubing 199 

Surface   per  Lineal   Foot  of 
"SHELBY  "Seamless  Tub- 
ing      199 

Length  of  Pipe  per  Square 

Foot 38-41,  57,  199, 

419-459,  596,  648-651 
per  Lineal  Foot, 

38-41,  419-459,  596,  648-651 

Oval  Socket  (Definition) 499 

Oxidation  of  Pipes 277,  635-638 

of  Metals  in  a  Refrigerating 

System 587 

Oxygen,  Absorption  by  Water. .  316 
Corrosion  Caused  by  D  issol ved  576 
Cylinders 188,  521,  625 

P 

Pacific     Couplings,     Boston 
Casing,  "NATIONAL"  (see 
Boston  Casing," NATIONAL" 
Pacific  Couplings). 


694 


Index 


Packer  (Definition) 499 

Water  (Definition) 515 

Packing  (Definition) 499 

Tube  (Definition) 512 

Painting  Pipe 107 

Poles 118 

Palliation  for  Troublesome  Sub- 
stances in  Boilers.  .276,  635,  638 
Patterson  Head  (Definition) .  .  .     499 

Pecks  to  Dekaliters 462,  467 

Liters 467 

Peened  Flange  Joint 167,  499 

Peening  (Definition) 499 

Penn  Casing,  South  (see 
South  Penn  Casing, 
"NATIONAL") 

Penstock  (Definition) 499 

Perfect  Threads 208 

Perforated  (Definition) 499 

Perkins  Joint  (Definition) 499 

Pet  Cock  (Definition) 500 

Petit's  Joint  (Definition) 500 

Phosphorus  in  Pipe  Steel 10 

"SHELBY"  Seamless  Steel 

Tubes 16, 18, 19, 591 

Physical  Properties  of 
Boiler  Tubes 

. .  .17,  99,  100,  101,  102,  591,  625 

Carbonic  Acid 209 

Converse    Lock    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 93,625 

Gases 314-316 

Matheson    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 91,625 

Pipe,  Standard 90,  625 

Steel 10 

"SHELBY"    Seamless    Steel 

Tubes 16-19,  591 

Tubular  Goods 10 

Signal  Pipe 96,  625 

Physical  Reasons  for  Corrosion.     559 
Piece,  Extension  (Definition) .  .  .     490 

Piercing  Process 14 

Piezometer.  t  /.  .U'WiiJF.  w.:,  .%).:,•     291 
Piles,  Butted  and  Strapped.  .  .  .     165 

Pillars 'if  Y*  v^r'''     244 

Pilot  (Definition) 500 

Pipe  (Definition) 500 

Air  Bound 284 

Line    (see   Air   Line   Pipe, 

"NATIONAL") 
Ammonia  (see  Ammonia  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL"; 

Annealing  of 10 

Approximate  Formula  for  Flow 

of  Water  in 280 

Area  of 
58-65,  419-459,  610-620,  648-651 

Factors 373~37S 

Autogenous  Welding  of 
"NATIONAL" 
("NATIONAL"  Bulle- 
tin No.  26) 655,  656,  660 


Pipe  Bend,  (Definition) 500 

Bends 162-163,  627 

Wrought,  Radii  of 162,  627 

Bending  Machine  (Defini- 
tion)    5oo 

Properties     of     Rectangu- 
lar  67,  609 

Square 66,  609 

Black,  Standard, 
"  NATIONAL"  (see  Pipe, 
Standard,"  NATIONAL  *') 

Branch  (Definition) 482 

Breeches  (Definition) 482 

in  Buildings,  Large, 
"N  ATIONAL" 
("  NATIONAL ' '  Bulletin 

No.  25) 655,  656,  659-660 

Bump  Joint 165-166 

Bursting  Tests.  .212-226,  630-634 
Butt-weld,  Process  of  Manu- 
facture           9 

Butted  and  Strapped  Joint.  164-165 
Capacities 

301,  303,  4.19-459,  648-651 
Discharge,  Relative  of 

Double  Extra  Strong. . .  .     646 

Extra  Strong 644-645 

Standard.  .  iWOJvtfvft 306-3 09 

Factors 423 

Card  Weight  (Definition) 483 

Circumferences.  .419-459,  648-651 
Areas  and  Surfaces  for 

Double  Extra  Strong ....     650 

Extra  Strong 649 

Standard 648 

Clamp  (Definition) 500 

Water  (Definition) 515 

Coating  for,  "NATIONAL" 

91,  94,  107,  108,  109,  485,  625 

Collapsing  Pressures  of 227-243 

Columns,  Double  Extra  Strong    249 

Extra  Strong 247-248 

Radius  of  Gyration 244 

Safe  Loads  for 244-249 

Slenderness  Ratio 244 

Standard 245 

Strength  of 244 

Tests  on 230 

Comparison  of  Internal  Fluid 

Pressure  Formulae  for  218-219 

Condensation  in 348 

Conduit  (Definition) 485 

Contents  of,  per  Foot  Length .     301 
Converse  Lock  Joint, 
"NATIONAL"  (see 
Converse    Lock    Joint 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL") 
Corrosion  (see  Corrosion) 
Coupling     (Definition)      (see 

also  Joint) 500 

Coverings,  Steam 348-350,  500 

Cutter  (Definition) 500 


Index 


695 


Pipe,  Dead  End  of  (Definition)     487 

Die  (Definition) 500 

Dies 10-1 1 

Dip  (Definition) 487 

Discharge  Capacities  of    gvLtefoH- 

Double  Extra  Strong 646 

Extra  Strong 644-645 

Standard 306-309 

Dog  (Definition) 500 

Double    Extra    Strong     (see 
Double      Extra      Strong 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL") 
Drifted     and     Reamed     (see 
Reamed  and  Drifted  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL") 
Drill    (see    Drill    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL") 
Drilling    Purposes, 
"NATIONAL"  Pipe  for 
("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  15) . .  655, 656,  658 
Drive  (Definition)  (see 
also    Drive   Pipe, 

"NATIONAL") 488 

Dry  (Definition) 489 

Kiln  (see  Dry  Kiln  Pipe. 

"NATIONAL") 
Durability  of  (see  Corosion) 

Eduction  (Definition) 489 

Expansion 211,  346-347,  490 

External  Diameter 

50-56,  58-65,  610-620 
Extra  Strong  (see  Extra  Strong 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL") 
Facts  about  "NATIONAL," 

Plain 56i-575 

Feed,   Sizes,    Gas    Quantities 

etc.,  for  Gas  Engines. . .  .     647 
and  Fittings  Trade,  Glossary 

of  Terms  Used  in  477-516,  654 

Fittings  (Definition) 500 

Flanged 167,  491 

Flanges,  Extra  Heavy 169,  175 

Standard 169,  176 

Flanging  and  Bending  (see 
Flanging  and  Bending, 
Pipe  for) 

Flow  of  Air  in ,  .357-364 

Gas 317-324 

Steam 341-346 

Water 277-290 

Fluid  Pressures  for,  Internal 

630-634 

Full  Weight  (Definition) 492 

Galvanized  (see  Pipe,  Stand- 
ard, "NATIONAL") 

Gas 167 

for  House  Service 319-320 

Lines,  "NATIONAL"  Plain 

End,  for 600-608 

General  Notes 21,  671 

Grief  (Definition) 654 

Grip  (Definition) 501 

or  Grief  (Definition) ....     654 


Pipe,  Hanger  (Definition) 501 

House  Service. . .  .285,  317,  319-320 

Hydraulic,  "NATIONAL " .  .     597 

Hydrostatic  Test  Pressures 
(see  Test  Pressures) 

Industry,  Development  of 
(see  also  "NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  H..655, 
656,657)  7 

Inspection  and  Test 13,  14,  20 

Internal      Diameter,      Sizes, 

Weight  per  Foot 46-49 

Feed  (Definition) 494 

Fluid  Pressures  for 

Double  Extra  Strong 633 

Extra  Strong 632 

Standard 631 

Iron 

7, 12, 106, 211, 223-226, 347, 630-634 

Joint  (see  Joint) 

Kent's  Formula  for  Discharge 

of  Steam  from 344 

Kimberley  (see  Kim- 
berley  Joint  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL" 

Ladders 183-186 

Lap-welded,  Process  of  Man- 
ufacture  .;."':  7 

in  Large  Buildings, 
"NATIONAL" 
("  NATION  AL  "  Bulletin 
No.  25 655,  656,  659-660 

Large    O.    D.,    Plain    Ends, 

"NATIONAL" 598-599 

Lead  Joint  (see  Converse 
Lock  Joint  Pipe , 
"NATIONAL";  Kim- 
berley Joint  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL,"  and 
Matheson  Joint  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL") 
Lined  (Definition) 496 

Length   of,   for   One    Square 

Foot  of  Surf  ace.  3  8-4 1,  57,  596 

Line    (Definition)    (see    also 

Line  Pipe,"  NATIONAL"    501 

Lines,  Materials  for 585 

Literature     about 

"NATIONAL"  ....-,  .655-670 

Loss  of  Air  Pressure  in 359 

of  Head  by  Friction  in 

286-290,  639-643 

Mains  Materials  for 585 

Corrosion  in 584 

Manufacture 7-20 

Marking  of  "NATIONAL" .  .       20 

Matheson  Joint, 
"NATIONAL"  (see 
Matheson  Joint  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL") 

Maximum  and  Mean  Velocity 

in 292 

Mean  Velocity  of  Flow  in  280-283 


696  Index 


Pipe  Moment  of  Inertia  of 

58-65,  119, 419-459,  610-620 
"NATIONAL"  (see  the  Va- 
rious Types  of  Pipe) 
Characteristics     of 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  12) 655,  656,  658 

History,  Characteristics 
and  The  Advantages  of 
("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  n) 

655,  656,  657 

Literature  about 655-670 

Plain  Facts  about SOi-575 

Products,  List  of 518-519 

Uses  of 541-546 

Nipples 168,  171-173,  627 

Nominal  Internal  Diameters, 

Weights  per  Foot :  46-49 

Outside  Diameters,  Weights 

per  Foot... 50-56 

Offset  (Definition) 499 

O.    D.,    Large,    Plain    Ends, 

"NATIONAL" 598-599 

Oxidation  in 277,  635-638 

Painting IO7 

Pitting  of  (see  Corrosion). 
Plain   Ends,   for   Gas  Lines, 

"NATIONAL" 600-608 

Large  O.  D., "NATIONAL" 

598-599 

Mill  Practice,  Measurement67i 
Facts  about  "NATIONAL" 

56i-575 

Plug  (Definition) . , « . .  .{^\ .  r     502 
Plugged    and    Reamed    (see 
Reamed      and      Drifted 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL"). 

Poles 109-157,  626 

Pressures,  Internal  Fluid, 

222-226,  630-634 
Products,    List     of, 

"NATIONAL" 518-519 

Properties  of, 
58-65,  419-459,  610-620,  648-651 

Materials fe   •  iQ 

Quantity  of  Water  Discharged 

Through.... 278 

Radius  of  Gyration, 

58-65,  419-459, 610-620 

Railings 177-182 

for    Railway    Signal    Service 
"NATIONAL" 
("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  22)  .655, 656, 659 
Random  Lengths,  Mill  Prac- 
tice, Measurement  of 671 

Reamed  and  Drifted, 
"NATIONAL"   (see 
Reamed  and  Drifted  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL"). 
Rectangular, 

45,  67, 87-88, 184-185,  609 


Pipe,  for  Refrigerating  Systems, 
"NATIONAL" 
("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  5). 655,  656,  662 
Relative    Corrosion    of    (see 

Corrosion) 
Discharge  Capacities  of 

Double  Extra  Strong. . . .     646 

Extra  Strong 644-645 

Standard 306-309 

Rifled  (Definition) 504 

Ring,  Drive  (Definition) 488 

Rise  of  Steel 588 

"NATIONAL"       Bulletin 

No.  24 655,  656,  659 

Riser  (Definition) 504 

Roller  (Definition) 501 

Rotary    (see   Special   Rotary 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL"). 
Rust  (see  Corrosion). 

S  (Definition) 508 

Section  Modulus.  .  .58-65,  610-620 

Service  (Definition) 505 

Service  (see  Corrosion). 
Signal  (Definition)  (see  Signal 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL")..     506 
Service,       "NATIONAL" 
Pipe       for       Railway 
("NATIONAL"    Bul- 
letin No.  22). .  .  655,  656,  659 

Siphon  (Definition) 507 

Size 21,  208-209 

Socket  (Definition) 507 

Soil  (Definition) 507 

Special  Ammonia  (see  Ammo- 
nia Pipe,  "NATIONAL"). 
Rotary  (see  Special  Rotary 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL"). 
Specifications    (see    Specifica- 
tions). 
Square. 45,  66,  85-86,  184-186,  609 

Stand  (Definition) 508 

Standard     (Definition)     (see 

Standard  Pipe) 508 

Stay  (Definition) 501 

Steam  (see  Standard  Pipe). 

Condensation  in  Bare 348 

Coverings 348-350 

Expansion  of 346-347 

Flow  of,  in 342 

Loss  of  Heat  from 348-350 

Sizes  of,  for  Engines 347 

Steel,  Annealing 10 

Bursting  Tests  .212-226,  630-634 
Chemical      and      Physical 

Analysis 10 

Corrosion  (see  Corrosion). 

Expansion  of  Steam 347 

Manufacture  of 7-20 

Protective  Coatings  for.  .106,  625 
Rise    of     ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  24), 

588,  655,  656,  659 
Thermal  Expansion  of 211 


Index 


697 


Pipe  Stock  (Definition) 501 

Strength  Factor  of.  .58-65,  610-620 
Under  Internal  Pressure, 

212-226,  630-634 
of  Weld  of  Commercial. ...     226 

Supply  of  Gas  Through 317 

Surface  of 57 

per  Foot  of  Length, 

419-459,  648-651 

Tail  (Definition) 510 

Terms  Used  in  Trade. 47 7-516,  654 
Test  Pressures  of   (see  Test 

Pressures). 

Thickness    of.  22-45,    46-56,     57, 

58-65,  502-608,  610-620, 

630-634,  648-651 

Briggs'  Standard 208 

Formula  for  Under  Col- 
lapsing Pressures .  .  .  228-231 

Thread  (Definition) 501 

Briggs'  Standard 208-209 

Depth  of 209 

Used    by    National    Tube 

Company 21 

Threading  (see  also  Thread- 
ing)  10,  21 

Literature  about 66 1 

Threads  and  Couplings,  Mill 

Practice ,  Measurement  of    671 
Only,  Mill  Practice,  Mea- 
surement of 671 

Tin  Lined  (Definition) 511 

Tongs  (Definition) 501 

Trade  Usage 21,  671 

Tuyere     (see    Tuyere    Pipe, 

''NATIONAL"). 

Uses  of  "NATIONAL".  .  .541-546 
Velocity,      Maximum      and 

Mean,  in 292 

Vise  (Definition) 501 

Volume 419-459 

Water  Hammer  in 168,  284,  515 

Weight 21 

Factors 376-378 

per  Foot 21-56, 

58-65,  379-459,  592-608,  611-623 
of  Water  in  Foot  Lengths  of    303 
Welded,  Manufacture  of, 

7-14,  89-90,  625 
Specifications  (see  Specifica- 
tions). 
Welding,  "NATIONAL" 

Plain  End,  for 600-608 

Autogenous,  of 
"N  AT  I  ON AL" 
("NATIONAL" 
BulletinNo.26).655,  656,  660 

Wrench  (Definition) 501 

Wrought  Nipples 171-172,  627 

Yield  Point  Tests  on   Com- 
mercial   222,  630-634 

Piping  (Definition) 501 

Pitch  (Definition) 501 

of  Threads,  Briggs'  Standard .     208 


291 


671 


Pitot  Tube,  Flow  Measurement . 
Pitting  (see  Corrosion). 
Pittsburgh    Formula    for    Dis- 
charge of  Gas 

Plain  End  (Definition) 

Mill  Practice,  Measure- 
ment of  Pipe 

Pipe    for    Gas     Lines, 

"NATIONAL" 600-608 

"NATIONAL"  Large 

O  D 598-599 

Facts  about  "NATIONAL" 

Pipe 56i-575 

Standard  Fittings 168 

Planting  Poles no 

Plates,  Steel  Tubes  Made  from .       15 

Plug  (Definition) 501 

Cock  (Definition) 502 

Fire  (Definition) 491 

Gage  (Definition) 502 

Pipe  (Definition) 502 

Signal  Pipe 96, 97,  625 

Socket  (Definition) 507 

Tap  (Definition) 502 

Tube  (Definition) 512 

Water  (Definition) 515 

Plugged  and  Reamed  Pipe  (see 
Reamed  and  Drifted  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL"). 

Plunger  Forgings 195 

Poisson's  Ration 215 

Polar  Moment  of  Inertia. 257,  420,  422 

Pole  Drill  (Definition) 502 

Pole's    Formula    for    Flow    of 

Gas 317 

Poles,  Anchor 109 

Assembling 111,115 

Bending  Stresses 117,626 

British  Standard 109 

Butt  Section 118-157 

Center 109 

Coating 118,626 

Column  Strength 117,626 

Crippling 116, 626 

Customary  Sizes 109 

Deflection  Due  to  Load, 

112,  113, 119-157,  198 

Limit 112 

Versus  Weight 113 

Dimensions  of 118-157 

Dog  Guards  for 113-114 

Drop  Test 116,119 

Elastic  Limit in 

Extra  Strong  Pipe  for, 

in,  118-157 

Flag. 115 

Foundations no 

Height 1 10 

Joint in,  115,  116,  119,  626 

Length 109,  120-157 

of  Trolley  Poles 198 

Literature  about 661 

Loads 117,  110-157,  198,  626 

Manufacture in 


698 


Index 


Poles,  Modulus  of  Elasticity.  .  .     112 

Odd  Sizes in 

Painting 118 

Planting no 

Seamless  Trolley, "  SHELBY" 

197-198 

Section  Length no,  120-157 

Service  Conditions. . .  .116-118,  626 

Set  Limits 112,  116,  119,  626 

Sizea$7«d,  IU  A.  W 109, 120-157 

Sleeves  for 114 

Snow  Load 117-118,  626 

Span  Wire 109 

Special  Sizes .  .  . .  j-j  I  it il  lasl  •     in 

Specifications 112,  119,625 

Standard in,  118-157,626 

Stiffness no,  111-113 

Strength no,  in,  113 

of  Joints 115-116 

of  Material in 

Stresses 117, 197,626 

Tables 118-157 

Telegraph no 

Testing 114,  IIQ 

Thickness 118-157 

Trolley 197-198 

Tubular  Steel,"NATIONAL" 
("  NATIONAL  "  Bulletin 

No.  14). . 655,  656,  661 

Use  of  Standard  Pipe.in,  118-157 

Weight no,  113,  120-157,  198 

Wind  Loads 116-118,  626 

Yield  Point 112 

Pop  (Definition) 502 

Cylinder  Heads 189-190 

Pope  Joint  (Definition) 502 

Posts 244 

Pots,  Annealing 190 

Pounds 
Avoirdupois  to  Kilograms, 

462,  468,  472 

Kilograms  per  Square  Mili- 
meter  to  Pounds  per 

Square  Inch 653 

Kilos    per   Linear    Meter   to 

Pounds  per  Linear  Foot .     652 
per  Linear  Foot  to  Kilos  per 

Linear  Meter 652 

per  Square  Inch  to  Heads. 274,  310 
per  Square  Inch  to  Kilograms 

per  Square  Milimeter.. .  .     653 
and    Tons,     Comparison    of 

Various 472 

Troy  to  Kilograms.  .  .462,  468,  472 

of  Water,  Equivalents 311 

Pouring  Clamp  (Definition) ....     502 
Power,  Horse,  per  Hour  for  Gas, 
Gasoline    and    Steam    En- 
gines, Comparison  of  Fuel 

per 647 

Required  to  Thread,  Twist 
and  Split  Mild  Steel  and 
Wrought  Iron  Pipe, 

561,  562,  563 


Power,  of  a  Running  Stream. .  .     297 

Fall  of  Water 297 

of  Water  Heads 299 

Powers  of  Numbers,  Tables.  .365-366 

Pratt  and  Whitney  Gages 21,  209 

Pressed  Flange  (Definition) ....     502 

Forged  (Definition) 502 

Pressure,  Air  ..dJai&Ji  k  ......  273, 352 

Collapsing 227-243 

Dalton's  Law 315 

Drop  in  Steam  Lines 342-346 

Equivalents    of    Water    and 

Mercury 310 

External  Fluid 227-243 

Extra  Heavy 168 

Factors,  Internal  Fluid.  . .  .220-221 
Formulae,  Comparison  of  In- 
ternal Fluid 218-219 

Gas 3i4,3i5 

High,  Flow  of  Gas  in  Pipes. 3 20-3 2 5 

Hydraulic.  ..-JJ.'iflJwU; 168 

Ice  and  Snow 118,  274,  626 

Internal  Fluid 

for  Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues    634 

Factors. 220-221 

for    Pipe,    Double    Extra 

Strong 633 

Extra  Strong 632 

Standard 630-631 

Strength  of  Tubes,  Pipes, 
and  Cylinders  Under, 

212-226.  630-634 

Joint  (Definition) 502 

Loss  of,  in  Pipes -359~36o 

Low,  Flow  of  Gas  in  Pipes. 3 17-3 20 
Steam  in  Heating  Lines ...     345 

Mains,  Materials  for 585 

Marine  Law 229-230 

Medium 168, 498 

Permissible  for  Tubes  under 

Marine  Law 229-230 

Standard  (Definition) 167,  508 

Steam 327~333 

Strength  of  Tubes,  Pipes,  and 
Cylinders    Under    Inter- 
nal Fluid. . . . 221-226,  630-634 
Test,  Hydrostatic  of  Pipe  (see 
Test  Pressures). 

Volume  Air  Low 357 

and  Temperature  of  Air ...     352 

Water 273-274,  277,  310 

Working 167-168 

Priming,  Remedy  for 276 

Processes  Used  in  Manufacture 

(see  also  Manufacture) ....   7-20 

Stiefel  (Definition) 509 

Products,  List  of "  KEWANEE ' ' 

522-540 

"NATIONAL" 518-519 

"SHELBY" 520-521 

Properties  of  Air 352-356 

Beams     and     Column     Sec- 
tions  250-267 

Bending  Rectangular  Pipe .  .67,  609 


Index 


699 


Properties  'of,   Bending    Square 

Pipe. ." 66,  609 

Carbonic  Acid 209-210 

Gas 314-316 

Ice 274 

Materials    Used   for   Welded 

Pipe 9-10 

Seamless  Tubes  and  Tubing 

("SHELBY") 15-19 

Pipe, 
58-65,  419-459,  610-620,  648-651 

Steel,  Physical .  ic^ 

Saturated  Steam 329~333 

Screw  Threads 370 

"SHELBY"    Seamless    Steel 

Tubing 16-19,  199-207 

Snow 274 

Solid  B«ams 250-267 

Steam 327-340 

Superheated  Steam 339~340 

Tubes     and     Round     Bars, 

Table 419-459,  648-651 

Tubular  Beams 250-267 

Water 272-275 

Physical  of  Carbonic  Acid 209 

of  Pipe 10 

"SHELBY"    Seamless    Steel 

Tubes 16-19,  591 

Protecting  Caps  for  Valves 194 

Protection  of  Threads 90,  98 

Protective  Coatings 106-107 

Protector  (Definition) 502 

Publications  of  National  Tube 

Company 655-670 

Pulling  Tests 10 

Pump  Column  Flange  (Defini- 
tion)      502 

Reinforced  (Definition) 503 

Pump,  Sand  (Definition) 505 

Pumping     Engines,     Measure- 
ment    of     Discharge     by 

Means  of  Nozzles 293 

Purification  of  Boiler  Water.  .635-638 


Quantities   of   Gas,   Feed   Pipe 

Sizes,  etc.,  for  Gas  Engines    647 
Quantity  of  Water  Discharged     278 

Quarts,  Dry  to  Liters 462,467 

Liquid  to  Liters 462, 466 

R 

Radial  Stress  in  Tube  Wall.  ..212-213 
Radiation  from  Steam  Pipes .  .  .     348 

Radiator  (Definition) 502 

Valve  (Definition) 502 

Radii  of  Pipe  Bends 162,627 

Radius,  Hydraulic    281-282 

of  Bend  (Definition) 502 

of  Gyration  of  Columns 244 

Pipe 58-65,419-459, 

610-620,  648-651 


Radius  of  Gyration,  Seamless 
Tubes  ("SHELBY"), 

206-207,  419-459,  648-651 

Pipe  Bends 162,627 

Railing  Fittings  (Definition)  . . .     503 

Railings  of  Pipe,  Hand 177-182 

Rails,  Free  on  (Definition) 492 

Railway  Poles 109 

Signal  Ass'n.  Spec,  for  Signal 

Pipe 06,625 

Service,       "NATIONAL" 
Pipe  for  ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  22) 

655,  656, 659 

Raised  Face  (Definition) 503 

Rake,  Threading  Dies 10 

Ram  Water 168,  284 

Random  Lengths  (Definition) .  .     503 
Mill   Practice,    Measurement 

of  Pipe 671 

Ratio  for  Columns,  Slenderness.     244 

Poisson's 215 

Reactions  of  Supports  of  Beams     252 

Reamed  (Definition) 503 

and  Drifted  Pipe, 
"NATIONAL"  (Defini- 
tion)    503 

"NATIONAL"       Bulletin 

No.  18 655,  656,  658 

Section  of  Joint 79 

Test  Pressures 73 

Weights  and  Dimensions.. .       35 
Reamer,  Under  (Definition).  .  .  .     513 

Reaming  Ammonia  Pipe 98,625 

Standard  Pipe 90,  625 

Receiver  Filling  Valve  (Defini- 
tion)    503 

Recess  Calking  (Definition) ....     483 

Recessed  (Definition) 503 

Rectangular      Pipe,      Bending 

Properties  of 67,  609 

Ladders 184,  185,  609 

Sections  of 87-88,  609 

Weights  and  Dimensions.. 45, 609 
Tanks,  Table  of,   Capacities    305 
Redrawn        Pipes,        Bursting 

Tests 225-226 

Reducer  (Definition) 503 

Reducing  Taper  Elbow  (Defi- 
nition)    503 

Tee  (Definition) 503 

Valve  (Definition) 503 

Reference  Books  on  Corro- 
sion  12,553-590 

Reflux  Valve  (Definition) 503 

Refrigerating  Systems,  Corro- 
sion in 583,  584,  587 

"NATIONAL"  Pipe  for 
("NATIONAL"  Bulle- 
tin No.  5) 655,  656,  662 

Oxidation  of  Metals  in 587 

Regrinding  Valves,  "N.  T.  C." 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 
No.  7) 655,  656, 669 


700 


Index 


Reinforced       Pump       Column 

Flange  (Definition) 503 

Reinforcing     Clamp, 
'  'NATIONAL ' '     Converse 

Lock  Joint  Pipe 109 

"NATIONAL"    Matheson 

Joint  Pipe 108 

Relative  Corrosion  of  Iron  and 
Steel  (see  also  Corrosion), 

553-590,  655,  656,  662 
Discharge  Capacities  of  Pipe 

Double  Extra  Strong 646 

Extra  Strong 644-645 

Standard 306-309 

Relief  Valve,  Exhaust  (Defini- 
tion)       489 

Remedy  for  Troublesome  Sub- 
stances in  Boilers. .  .276,  635-638 

Repairing  Poles 114 

Research  Tests  of  Pole  Joints.  .     116 

Bursting 212-226,  630-634 

Carbonic  Acid 209 

Collapse 227-243 

Corrosion 12,  553~59O 

Elasticity 112, 113 

Expansion 211 

Reservoir  (Definition) 503 

Resistance  Due  to  Bends,  En- 
trance and  Valves 169,  324 

Air 364 

Gas 324 

Steam 346 

Water 283-284 

of    Pipe    to    Internal    Pres- 
sure  212-226,  630-634 

External  Pressure. .  .227-243 
to  Slipping  of  Boiler  Tubes. .     210 
Resisting  Moment  of  Beams .  .  .     253 
Results  of  Corrosion  Investiga- 
tions   568-569 

Tests 579-590 

Return  Bend  (Definition) 504 

Close  (Definition) 485 

Open  (Definition) 499 

with  Back  Outlet  (Defini- 
tion)  504 

Elbow  (Definition) 504 

Ribbed  Tube  (Definition) 504 

Riedler  Joint  (Definition) 504 

Rifled  Pipe  (Definition) 504 

Ring  (Definition) 504 

Drive  Pipe  (Definition) 488 

Expansion  (Definition) 490 

Gage  (Definition) 492 

Tests 102 

Union 169,  504 

Rise  of  Steel  Pipe 588 

"NATIONAL"  Bulletin  No. 

24 655,656,659 

Riser  Pipe  (Definition) 504 

River  Dog  (Definition) 504 

Sleeve  (Definition) 504 

Rivet  Spacing,  Pipe  Joints. . .  165-166 


Riveted  Bump  Joints 165-166 

Butted  and  Strapped  Joints, 

164-165 

Flange  (Definition) 504 

Rivets,  Signal  Pipe 96,97,  625 

Rix's  Formula  for  Discharge  of 

Gas 321 

Rod  (Definition) 504 

Sucker  (Definition) 509 

Rods,    Diamond    Drill, 
"SHELBY"  Seamless 

104-105,  625 

Roebling  Wire  Gage 369 

Rolled     Boiler     Tube     Joints, 

Slipping  Point  of 210-211 

Steel  Flange  (Definition) ....     504 

Roller,  Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Roots,  Fifth,  Table  of 365-366 

Rose  Head  (Definition) 654 

Rotary    Pipe,    "NATIONAL" 
Special  (see  Special  Rotary 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL") 
Round  Bars  and  Tubes,  Table 

of  Properties  of  .419-459,  648-651 

Cylinder  Heads 189-190 

Rubber  and  Lead  Joint  (Defi- 
nition) . 496 

Run  (Definition) 504 

Rungs,  Ladder 183-186 

Runner,    Lead    Joint     (Defini- 
tion)       496 

Runners,  Pipe 183-186 

Running  Stream,  Horse  Power     297 
Rust  in  Galvanized  Iron  Water 
Service  Pipes  (see  also  Cor- 
rosion)       557 

Joint  (Definition) 505 


S  Pipe  (Definition) 508 

Saddle  (Definition) 505 

Flange  (Definition) 505 

Safe  End  (Definition) 505 

Ends  (see  Boiler  Tubes). 

Internal  Pressure  for  Tubes, 

2 2O-22 I 

Loads  for  Extra  Strong  Pipe 

Columns 247-248 

Double  Extra  Strong  Pipe    249 

Standard  Pipe 245-246 

Safety      Factors      for      Static 

Loading 268 

Variable  Loading 268-270 

Railings 177-182 

Working  Fiber  Stress 268-270 

Salt  in  Feed  Water 277, 635-638 

Water,  Corrosion  in 555-556 

Sand  Line  (Definition) 505 

Pump  (Definition) 505 

Saturated    Steam    (see    Steam, 

Saturated). 
Saturation  Point  of  Vapors.  ...     315 

Scale  in  Boilers 276, 635-638 

Sealer,  Tube  (Definition) 512 


Index 


701 


Scarf  Weld  (Definition) . . 
Scraper,  Tube  (Definition) 


505 
512 


Screw  (Definition) 505 

Down  Valve  (Definition) ....     505 

Long  (Definition) 496 

Follower  (Definition) 497 

Temper  (Definition) 511 

Threads,  Dimensions  of 371 

Franklin  Institute 370-372 

Properties  of 370 

Sellers' 370-372 

Standard  Pipe 208 

U.  S.  Standard 370-372 

Screwed  (Definition) 505 

Fittings,  Cast  Iron 168 

Malleable  Iron 168 

Flanges 167 

Joints 167 

Pipe.'. 167 

Scruples,  Apothecaries  to  Milli- 

liters 466 

Sea  Water 273 

Corrosion  in 555~556 

Seamless  Steel  Tubes  and  Tub- 
ing, "SHELBY." 

Annealing  of 17, 19,  20 

Area  of  Wall 200-201 

Axles 193 

Boiler  Tubes  (see  Boiler  Tubes) 

Bursting  Tests 223-225 

Capacity  per  Lineal  Foot . .  200-203 

Chemical  Analysis 16-19,  59* 

Cold  Finish 15 

Composition 15-19,  59i 

Cream  Separator  Bowls 

103-104,  625 

Cylinders 15,188 

Cupping  Process 15 

Definition  of  Seamless 505 

Diameters 199 

Diamond  Drill  Rods .  .  104-105,  625 

Displacement 199 

Expanded 158 

Expansion  of 211 

External  Volume 199 

Hose  Moulds 105-106, 625 

Poles 105,625 

Hot  Finish 14 

Impact  Tests 16 

Inside  Surface  per  Lineal  Foot 

206-207 

Inspection 20 

Lineal  Feet  per  Square  Foot 

of  Outside  Surface 199 

Literature  about 666-667 

Locomotive    Boiler    Tubes 
(see  Boiler  Tubes) 

Manufacture  of 14 

and  Use  of  ("NATIONAL" 

Bulletin  No.  17) 655,  656,  666 

Materials    Used    in    Manu- 
facture   15,  591 

Merchant  and  Marine  Boiler 
Tubes  (see  Boiler  Tubes) 


Seamless  Steel  Tubes  and  Tub- 
ing, "SHELBY"." 

Moment  of  Inertia 204-2015 

Nickel  Steel 19 

Outside  Diameter  of 199 

Surface  per  Lineal  Foot.  .  .     199 

Products,  List  of 520-521 

Uses  of       547-551 

Properties  of. .  .16-19, 199-207,  591 

Radius  of  Gyration 206-207 

Rectangular  Tubing 196,  609 

Section  Modulus 204-205 

Sectional  Area  of  Wall 

200-201,373-375,419-459 

Specialties 192-196 

Angular 196 

Automobile <,/{  193 

Bent 195 

Cream  Separator 194 

Cylinder 194 

Miscellaneous 195 

Socket  Wrench 196 

Tapered 196 

Specifications 625 

Square  Tubing 196, 609 

Strength  of.  .  .  .16-19,223-225,591 

Surface  of 199 

Swaged 195 

Temper  of 16-19,  591 

Tensile  Strength 16-19,  59 1 

Tests 20 

Thermal  Expansion 211 

Trolley  Poles 197-198 

Universal  Joint  Sleeve 195 

Upset  and  Expanded 158-161 

Uses  of 547-551 

Volume  of 199 

Seat,  Valve  (Definition) 514 

Second,  Foot 312 

Sectional  Area,  Tubes 373~375 

Pipe 

58-65, 419-459, 610-620, 648-651 

Rectangular  Pipe 45,  67,  609 

Seamless      Tubing 

"SHELBY" 200-201 

Sections 264-267 

Square  Pipe 45,  66,  609 

Tubes    and    Round    Bars 

419-459,  648-651 
Section  Length  of  Poles,  .no,  120-157 

Modulus  of  Beams 254 

Pipe 58-65,610-620 

Rectangular  Pipe 67,  609 

"SHELBY "  Seamless  Tub- 
ing  204-205 

Square  Pipe 66,  609 

of  Joints  (see  Joint). 
Sections  of  Beams  for  Minimum 

Weight 255-256 

Columns,  Tables  of,  Proper- 
ties of 264-267 

Rectangular  Pipe 87-88,  609 

Square  Pipe 85, 86,  609 


702 


Index 


Security,  Margin  of 268 

of  Tubes  in  Tube  Sheet 210 

Sediment  in  Boiler  Water 

276,  63^-638 

Sellers'  Thread. 370-372,  505 

Semi  Steel  (Definition) 505 

Separator  Bowls 103, 194,625 

Service  Box  (Definition) 505 

Clamp  (Definition) 505 

Conditions,  Poles 116,  626 

Durability  of  Welded  Pipe  in 
("  NATIONAL"     Bulletin 

No.  3) 655,656,662 

Ell  (Definition) 505 

Pipe,  Flow  of  Gas  in 319,  505 

Flow  of  Water  in  House .  .  .      285 
Railway  Signal,  "NATIONAL" 
Pipe  for  ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin   No.  22)655.656,659 

Tee  (Definition) 505 

Set  Limits  for  Poles.  112, 116, 119,  626 
Sewage  in  Boiler  Water.  .276, 635-638 

Shaft  Bearing 195 

Shapes  of  Cylinder  Heads. . . .  189-190 
Shear  of  Beams,  Vertical 

250,251,254,257-263 
Sheet  Cutter  Tube  (Definition) .     512 
Metal  Gages  in  Decimals  of 

an  Inch 369 

Stay  Tube  (Definition) 512 

Tube  (Definition) 512 

''SHELBY"  Seamless  (see 
Seamless  Steel  Tubes  and 
Tubing  "SHELBY", 
also  Product  in  Question). 

Shells  for  Boilers 194 

Sherardizing  (Definition) 506 

Shipment,  Converse  Lock  Joint 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL "94, 109,  625 
Matheson  Joint  Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 92,  625 

Tubes  for   Cream   Separator 

Bowls 103,625 

Diamond  Drill  Rods . .  .105,  625 
Hose  Poles  and  Molds .  106,  625 

Shoe  (Definition) 506 

Casing  (Definition) 484 

Drive  (Definition) 488 

Shop  Joint  of  Poles 115 

Short  Nipple. .  .171-172,174,506,628 

Ton  Equivalents 462, 472 

Shot  Drill  (Definition) 506 

Shoulder  Nipple  (Definition) .  .  .     506 

Shrunk  Joint  (Definition) 506 

Siamese  Connection  (Definition)    506 
Sickle  Rule  of  Flow  of  Steam 

342—345 

Side  Outlet  Ell  (Definition) 506 

Tee  (Definition) 506 

Siemen's  Joint  (Definition) ....     506 

Signal  Pipe  (Definition) 506 

Specification 96,  625 

and  Interlocking  Systems, 
Durability  of  Steel  and 
Iron  Wrought  Pipes  in .  581-582 


Signal  Service,  Railway, 
"NATIONAL"  Pipe  for 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 
No.  22)  .........  655,  656,  659 

Thread  (Definition)  .........     506 

Single  Offset  Pipe  Bends  .....  163,  627 

Riveted  Bump  Joints  ......  165-166 

Butted  and  Strapped  Joints, 

164-165 
Sinker  Bar  (Definition)  ........     506 

Siphon  (Definition)  ...........     506 

Pipe  (Definition)  ...........     507 

Sizes  of  Feed  Pipes,  Gas  Quan- 
tities,   etc.,    Required    for 
Engines  ............  .....     647 

House  Pipes  for  Gas  .......     319 

Steam  Pipes  for  Engines  ...     347 
Pipe  and  Tubing,  Trade  Prac- 
tice (see  also  Product  in 
Question)  .............  21,  671 

Skelp  (Definition)  ............     507 

Sleet  Loads,  Wind,  Ice  and  Snow    626 
Sleeve  (Definition)  ............     507 

Butted  and  Strapped  Joint  164,  165 


?9le  .......................     114 

River  (Definition)  ..........     504 

Universal  Joint  .............     195 

Slenderness  Ratio  for  Columns  .      244 
Slip  Joint  (Definition)  .........     507 

Slipping  Point  of  Rolled  Boiler 

Tube  Joints  ............  210-211 

Smith's  Coating  (Definition)  .  .  .     507 
Snow    and    Ice    Load    of,    on 

Poles  ..............  117-118,  626 

Properties  of  ...........     274 

Socket  (Definition)  .  ..........     507 

Coupling  (Definition)  .......     507 

Half  Turn  (Definition)  ......     493 

Horn  (Definition)  ...........     493 

Iron  (Definition)  ...........     507 

Joint  (Definition)  ...........     507 

Mandrel  (Definition)  ........     497 

National  Pole  (Definition)  .  .  .     498 
Oval  (Definition)  ...........     499 

Pipe  (Definition)  ...........     507 

Plug  (Definition)  ...........     507 

Widemouth  (Definition)  .....     516 

Wrench  Forgings  ...........     196 

Soft  Solder  (Definition)  ........     507 

Soil  Pipe  (Definition)  .........     507 

Solder  (Definition)  ............     507 

Hard  (Definition)  ..."  ......     493 

Soft  (Definition)  ............     507 

Solid        Beams,        Mechanical 

Properties  .............  250-267 

Solubility     Table     of     Water 

Impurities  ..............  .     635 

South  Penn  Casing,  "NATIONAL" 
Section  of  Joint  ............       83 

Test  Pressures  ............  71,  621 

Weights  and^imensions  ____  35,  595 

Space   for    Chip   in   Threading 

Dies  ....................  10-1  1 

Nipple  (Definition)  .........     507 

Spacing  of  Rivets,  Pipe  Joints  165,  166 


Index 


703 


Span  Wire  Poles 109 

Special  External  Upset  Tubing, 
1 '  NATIONAL ' '  California 
(see  California  Special  Ex- 
ternal Upset  Tubing, 
"NATIONAL") 

Product  (Definition) 507 

Rotary  Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 79 

Test  Pressures :°  ,  .76 

Weights  and  Dimensions.  34,  594 
Upset    Rotary    Pipe, 
"NATIONAL." 

Section  of  Joint 79 

Test  Pressures 76,  623 

Weights  and  Dimensions  .  34,  594 
Specialties,    "KEWANEE," 

Literature  about 669 

Seamless  (see  Seamless 
Steel  Tubes  and  Tubing, 
"SHELBY"). 

Specific  Heat  of  Air 355 

Ice 274 

Saturated  Steam 328 

Superheated  Steam 337 

Water 275 

Specifications 625 

Ammonia  Pipe,  Special 98,  625 

Boiler  Tubes 
Locomotive,  Lap-welded 

99-100, 625 
Seamless  Cold  Drawn 

IOI-IO2, 625 

Merchant      and      Marine, 
Lap-welded  and  Seamless 

100-101,  625 


625 


Converse    Lock    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL  "....93-95. 
Cream  Separator  Bowl  Tubing 

103-104,  625 
Diamond  Drill  Rod  Tubing 

104-105,625 
Flanging  and  Bending, 

Pipe  for 95,  625 

Hose  Poles  and  Hose  Molds 

Tubing 105-106,  625 

Matheson  Joint  Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 91-92, 625 

Poles,  Tubular  Electric  Line, 

119,625 

Signal  Pipe 96-97,  625 

Standard  Welded  Pipe.  .89-90,  625 

Specimens,  Corrosion 562-575 

Spellerizing  (Definition) 507 

Spherical  Cylinder  Heads. . . .  189-190 
Spigot  and  Bell  Joint  (Defini- 
tion)      481 

(Definition) 508 

Joint  (Definition) 508 

Spinning  (Definition) 508 

Splitting,  Threading  and  Twist- 
ing Wrought  Iron  and  Mild 
Steel  Pipe,  Power  Required 
for.. 563,661 


Spot  Faced  (Definition) 508 

Spring  (Definition) 508 

Spud  (Definition) 508 

Spun  Flange  (Definition) 508 

Square  Equivalents,  Metric.  .462,464 

Foot  of  Surface 38-41,  57, 199, 

419-459, 596, 648-651 

Forgings,  Seamless 196,  609 

Heads    and    Nuts,    Propor- 
tions of 370 

Inch 

Kilograms  per  Square  Milli- 
meter to  Pounds  per.  ...     653 
Pounds  per,  to  Kilograms 

per  Square  Millimeter..     653 
Millimeter 

Kilograms  per,  to  Pounds 

per  Square  Inch 653 

Pounds  per  Square  Inch  to 

Kilograms  per 653 

Pipe,  Bending  Properties  of  66,  609 

Ladders 183-186,  609 

Sections 85-86,  609 

Weights  and  Dimensions. 45,  609 
Tubing,  "SHELBY"  Seamless    609 

Squib  (Definition) 508 

Stair  Railings 177-182 

Stand  Pipe  (Definition) 508 

Standard     Boiler     Tubes     (see 
Boiler  Tubes). 

Briggs' 208, 483 

Casing  (see  Boston  Casing). 

Cylinder  Head 189-190 

Fittings 167 

Flanges  for  Pipe 176 

Franklin  Institute  Threads  370-372 

Gage,  Briggs' 168,  208 

Pipe  (Definition) 508 

Areas,  Circumferences   and 

Surfaces  for 648 

Bursting  Tests. 225-226,  630-634 

Columns 245-246 

Coupling 22,  77,90,625 

Discharge  Capacities,  Rela- 
tive  306-309 

Internal  Fluid  Pressures  for 

630-631 
Length  per  Square  Foot  of 

Surface 57 

Manufacture,  Process  of 

7-14,89,625 

Material 7-14, 90, 625 

"NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 77 

Test  Pressures 68, 621 

Weights  and  Dimensions 

22,  592 
Physical  Properties.  .  .  10,  90,  625 

Reaming 90,625 

Surface  Inspection 89,  625 

Thread  Protection 90,625 

Threading 

90, 208-209, 625, 655,  656,  661 
Used  for  Poles  .111,118-158,626 


704 


Index 


Standard,  Poles in,  118-157,  626 

British 109 

Pressure 167,508 

Process  and  Materials  Used  in 
the  Manufacture  of  Tubu- 
lar Goods 7-20 

Specifications  (see  Specifica- 
tions) 

Threads,  Briggs' 168,  208 

Unions 169 

Upsets 158 

Valves 170 

Working  Barrels 187-188,  629 

Standards  of  Water  Hardness. .     636 
Static  Loading,   Safety  Factor 

for 268-270 

Load  on  Poles 117, 626 

Stay  (Definition) 509 

Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Tube 158,509 

Tube  Sheet  (Definition) 512 

Steam 326-350 

Absolute  Zero 328 

Boiler  Incrustation  and  Cor- 
rosion  275, 635-638 

Boilers,  Troublesome  Sub- 
stances in  (see  also  Cor- 
rosion)   276, 635-638 

British  Thermal  Unit 327 

Cocks 170 

Condensation  in  Pipes 348 

Coupling  (Definition) 509 

Drums,  Corrosion  of 560 

Dry,  Definition  of 327 

Engines,  Comparison  of  Fuel 
per  Horse  Power  per  Hour 
for  Gas,  Gasoline  and. .  647 

Sizes  of  Pipes  for 347 

Entropy 329-333, 339~34Q 

Expansion  of  Pipes 346-347 

Factors  of  Evaporation. . .  .333-336 

Flow  of 341-346 

into  Atmosphere 341 

from  Orifices 341 

in   Low   Pressure   Heating 
Lines .<&aS.  bJuH  J^nai . .     345 

in  Pipes 342-346 

Heat 327-340 

Kent's  Formula  for  Discharge 

of,  from  Pipes 344 

Latent  Heat  of 327 

Loss  of  Heat  from  Pipes 348 

Mechanical  Equivalent  of 328 

Pipe  Coverings 348-350 

Pipes,  Sizes  of,  for  Engines  . .     347 

Pressure 327-333 

Properties  of 327-333 

Radiation  from  Pipes 348 

Resistance  Due  to  Entrance, 

Bends  and  Valves 346 

Saturated,  Definition  of 327 

Properties  of,  Table 329-333 

Specific  Heat  of 328 


Steam,  Saturated,  Total  Heat  of    327 

Volume  of 328 

Sizes  of  Pipes  for  Engines 347 

Superheated,  Advantages  of  .     338 

Definition  of 327 

Properties  of 339~34Q 

Specific  Heat  of 337 

Volume  of 337 

Temperature     and     Pressure 

of 327-329-333 

Total  Heat  of  Water.  .327,  329-333 

Vaporization,  Heat  of 327 

Velocity  in  Pipe 347-348 

of  Flow  into  Atmosphere, 

341-342 

Volume  Saturated 328 

Superheated 337 

Weight 329-333 

Wet,  Definition  of 327 

Zero,  Absolute 328 

Steamboat  Inspection  of  Tubes .     229 
Steamer's   Measurement   (Defi- 
nition)       509 

Steel 

Analysis 10, 16-19,  591 

Bessemer 10,  211 

Corrosion  (see  also  Corrosion) 

12-13, 106,  553-590 

Ferro  (Definition) 490 

Flange,  Rolled  (Definition)  . .     504 

Modulus  of  Elasticity 112,  257 

Nickel 19 

Open  Hearth 10,  211 

Pipe  (see  Pipe) 

and    Tubing,     Weight    in 
Pounds  per  Lineal  Foot.  .379-418 
Plates,  Seamless  Tubes  Made 

from 15 

Poles  (see  Poles) 109-157, 626 

Trolley 197-198 

Semi  (Definition) 505 

Tubes,  Seamless,  "SHELBY" 

(see  also  Tubes) 15-19 

Weight  Factors  for 376-378 

Stem.  Valve  (Definition) 514 

Stewart's  Formula  for  Collapsing 

Pressures 22; 

Tests 227-229 

Stiefel  Process  (Definition) 509 

Stiffness  of  Beams 255 

Poles 110-113 

Stock,  Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Storage  of  Carbonic  Acid 209-210 

Stove  (Definite) 509 

Stoved  End  Tubes  (see  Upset) .      158 

Straightness,  Limit 105 

Straight  Way  (Definition) 509 

Straightway  Valves 169-170 

Strapped     and     Butted    Joint 

(Definition) 483 

Pipe 164-165 

Stream,  Power  of  Running. ...     297 

Street  Elbow  (Definition) 509 

Street  Mains 

Autogenous  Welding  of 586 


Index 


705 


Street  Mains,  Autogenous  Weld- 
ing of,  "NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  26. ..  .  655,  656,  660 
Corrosion  in.  .  .585-586,  589-590 

Materials  for 585 

Street  Poles 109-157,  626 

Strength,  Beams 254-255 

Bolts 371-372 

Bumped  Heads 190 

Columns 244 

Commercial/Tubes  Internal 

Pressure 212-226,630-634 

Cylinder 212-226,  630-634 

Heads 189-192 

Dished  Heads 191 

Factor,  for  Pipe.  .  .  .58-65,  610-620 

Q,  (Definition) 610 

of  Pipe  Steel 10 

to  Resist  External  Fluid 

Pressure 227-243 

Under  Internal  Pressure, 

212-226, 630-634 
Tubes,    Internal    Pressure, 
Barlow's  Formula, 
214, 218,  219,  223-226, 630-634 
Birnie's  Formula, 
217-219,  221,  223, 224, 630-634 
Claverino's  Formula, 

215-220,  222-224,  630-634 
Common  Formula 
213-214,218-219,  224, 630-634 
Lame's  Formula.  .215,  218,  219 
Testsof  68-76, 223, 225, 630-634 

Pole no,  in,  115, 120-157, 626 

Joints 115,116 

Rectangular  Pipe 67, 609 

Rolled  Tube  Joints 210,  211 

Seamless     Steel    Tubes 

"SHELBY" 16-19 

Trolley  Poles"SHELBY"i97-i98 

Square  Pipe 66,  609 

Steel 223, 630-634 

Under  Thrust  or  Compression, 
Columns  (see  Collapse  also)     244 

Weld 226.630-634 

Stresses,    Beams,    Tensile    and 

Compressive .257-263 

Bending .117,626 

Collapsing 227-243 

Column 244 

Combined 117,626 

Internal  Fluid  Pressure 

212-226,630-634 

Poles  "SHELBY". . .  .117, 197, 626 
Safe  Working,  in  Materials  268,  270 

Shearing,  in   Beams 250 

Tensile,  in  Beams 250 

Trolley  Pole 197 

Tube  Wall,  Nature  of 212 

Wind 117,626 

Strong,  Double  Extra  (Defi- 
nition) (see  also,  Double 
Extra  Strong) 488 


Strong,  Extra  (Definition)   (see 

also  Extra  Strong) 490 

Strum  (Definition) 509 

Struts 244 

Stubb's  Gage 369 

Sturteyant  Rule  for  Flow  of  Air    359 

Sub  Nipple     (Definition) 509 

Sucker  Rod  (Definition) 509 

Sulphates  in  Boiler  Water 

275-276,635-638 

Sulphur  in  Pipe  Steel 10 

Seamless  Tubes 

("SHELBY")  ..16,18,19,591 
Summary     of     Corrosion     In- 
vestigations  568-569 

"NATIONAL"  Bulletins. ...     656 
Superheated  Steam  (see  Steam 

Superheated). 
Supervising  Inspectors 

101,229-230,625 
Supply  of  Gas  Through  Pipes. . .     317 

Supports,  Beam 252,  257-263 

Reactions  of 252 

Surface  Area  of  Pipe 

58-65, 610-620,  648-651 

Heating 57 

Surface    Area    Inside,    of 

"SHELBY"  Tubing 206-207 

Length  of  Pipe  for  One  Square 

Foot  of 57 

of  Cylinders,  Table  of 

419-459,648-651 

Surface,  Outside,  per  Lineal  Foot     199 
Square  Foot  per  Foot  of  Length 

38-41,  419-459, 596, 648-651 
Surfaces,     Circumferences    and 
Areas  for 

Boiler  Tubes  and*  Flues 651 

Pipe,  Double  Extra  Strong. . .     650 

Extra  Strong 649 

Standard 648 

Swaged  (Definition) 509 

Joints  for  Poles 111,115, 116 

Nipple  (Definition) 509 

Tube  Forgings 195 

Sweated  (Definition) 509 

Sweep  (Definition) 509 

Tee,  Double  (Definition) 488 

Swelled  (Definition) 510 

Joint  Casing 27 

Swing  Joint  (Definition) 510 

Switch  Valve  (Definition) 510 

Swivel  (Definition) 510 

Joint  (Definition) 510 

Water  (Definition) 515 

System,  Metric 460-^476,652-653 

Symbols  (see  Abbreviations  in 

Glossary) 477~479, 654 


Table  (see  Article  in  Question) 
Adiabatic     Compression     or 
Expansion  of  Air 355 


706 


Index 


Table,  Air  Line  Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 36,  595 

Allison      Vanishing      Thread 

Tubing,  "NATIONAL" ...  33 
Ammonia  Pipe  "NATIONAL"  597 
Area  Factors  for  Tubes.  .373-3 7 5 
Areas,  Circumferences,  and 

Surfaces 648-651 

Barrels  Contained  in  Tanks. .     304 
Bedstead  Tubing,    ,_:q  „ 

"NATIONAL" .:;"  '31 

Bending   Properties   of   Rec- 
tangular Pipe 67,  609 

Square 66,  609 

Boiler  Incrustation  and  Cor- 
rosion  276, 635-638 

Boston  Casing  "NATIONAL" 

Inserted  Joint M--q£? 

with  Pacific  Couplings. . .       28 

Standard 26 

Boiler  Tubes 
Locomotive,   Lap   Welded, 

"NATIONAL" 40,  596 

Seamless,  "SHELBY".  .38-39 
Standard,      Lap     Welded, 

"NATIONAL" 41 

Bursting  Tests  of  Commercial 

Tubes  and  Pipes. .  225,  630-634 
California  Diamond  BX  Cas- 
ing, "NATIONAL" .  29,  593 
Drive  Pipe,  "NATIONAL"    3 1 
Special  External  Upset  Tub- 
ing, ''NATIONAL".  .  .30,  593 

Casing  Nipples 174,  628 

Centigrade  to  Fahrenheit.  .473-474 
Circumferences,    Areas,    and 

Surfaces. ..;...; 648-651 

Coefficients  of  Air  Discharge . .     358 

Collapsing  Pressures 232-243 

Columns 244-249 

Comparison  of  Fuel  per  Horse 
Power  per  Hour  for  Gas, 
Gasoline  and  Steam 

Engines ^ 647 

Comparison,  Metric  Units 

460-476,652-653 
Various  Tons  and  Pounds ..     472 
Converse    Lock    Joint    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 43 

Conversion  .  .311,460-472,652-653 
CylinderHeads,  Thickness .  191 ,192 

Decimals  of  a  Foot .366-367 

an  Inch 368 

Dimensions  of  Tubular  Pro- 
ducts   (see    Product    in 
*•  Question) 

of  Screw  Threads 371-372 

Discharge  of  Air 358 

Capacities,     Relative,     of 

Pipe 306-309, 644, 646 

Dog  Guards 114 

Double    Extra    Strong   Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 25 

Drill  Pipe,  " NATIONAL " . .       36 


Table,  Drive  Pipe,  "NATIONAL"    24 
California    Diamond 
BX,  "NATIONAL"..       31 
Dry  Kiln  Pipe,"NATIONAL" 

37,596 

Expansion  of  Steam  Pipes. .  .     347 
External  Collapsing  Pressures 

232-243 
Steam     Pressures — Marine 

Law 229-230 

Extra     Strong    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" .;     25 

Heavy  Pipe  Flanges 175 

Factors  of  Evaporation 333~336 

Fahrenheit  to  Centigrade.  .474-475 
Flanges,  Pipe,  Standard.  . '..,^,.-^76 

Extra  Heavy 175 

Fifth  Roots 365-366 

Flow  of  Air,  Compressed..  .361-364 

Gas  in  Pipes 317-319 

Steam  into  Atmosphere  ...     342 
in  Low  Pressure  Heating 

Lines 345 

in  Pipes 342-345 

Water    in    House    Service 

Pipes 285 

Flush    Joint    Tubing, 

"NATIONAL" 32 

Gas    Lines,     "NATIONAL" 

Plain  End  Pipe  for.  .  .600-608 
Quantities,  Feed  Pipe  Sizes, 
etc.,  Required  for  Gas 

Engines 647 

Horse  Power  of  Water  Heads .     299 
per  Hour  for  Gas,  Gas- 
oline and  Steam  En- 
f'.nes,  Comparison  of 
uel  per 647 

Hydraulic  Pipe,   "NATIONAL" 

597 

Hydrostatic    Test    Pressures 
(see   Test    Pressures) 

Impurities,  Water 636 

Inserted  Joint  Casing, 

"NATIONAL"     Boston       27 
Internal  Fluid  Pressure 

220-221, 630-634 

Kimberley  Joint  Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 44 

Large  O.  D.  Pipe,  Plain  Ends, 

"NATIONAL" 598-599 

Length  of  Pipe  for  One  Square 

Foot  of  Surface 57 

Inches  and  Millimeters.  .469-471 
Line  Pipe,  "NATIONAL"  23,  592 
Lines,  Gas,  "NATIONAL" 

Plain  End  Pipe  for.  .  .600-608 

Long  Screw  Nipples 1/3 

Loss  of  Air  Pressure  in  Pipes 

359-o6o 
Head  by  Friction 

286-288,  639-643 
Matheson  Joint  Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 42 


Index 


707 


Table,  Metric  Conversion 

460-472, 652-653 

Miner's  Inch  Measurements.     296 
O.  D.  Pipe,  Plain  Ends. 

"NATIONAL "Large  598-599 
Oil  Well  Tubing,  "NATIONAL" 

30 

Pipe  Nipples,  Wrought  171-173,  627 
Standard,  "NATIONAL" 

22,  592 

Plain  End  Pipe  for  Gas  Lines, 

"NATIONAL" 600-608 

Poles 119-157,  626 

Pressure  of  Atmosphere 352 

Properties  of  Beams 256-263 

Column  Sections 264-267 

Pipe. . .  .58-65, 610-620,  648-651 
Tubes  and  Round  Bars 

419-459,648-651 
Reamed    and    Drifted    Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 35 

Rectangular  Pipe 45,  609 

Saturated  Steam 329-333 

Solubility 635 

South    Penn    Casing, 

"NATIONAL" 35,  595 

Special    Rotary   Pipe, 

"NATIONAL" 34,594 

Upset 34,594 

Specific  Heat  of  Superheated 

Steam 337 

Water 275 

Square  Pipe 45,  609 

Standards  of  Hardness 636 

Steam  Pipe  Coverings 349 

Strength  of  Welds 226 

Superheated  Steam 339~340 

Surfaces,  Circumferences,  and 

Areas 648-651 

Tank  Nipples,  Wrought 173 

Trolley    Poles,    "SHELBY" 

Seamless 198 

Tubular  Electric  Line  Poles 

119-157, 626 
Tuyere  Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

37,596 

Upsets 160-161 

Velocity  of  Air   Under  Low 

Pressure 357 

Water  Power 299 

Pressure 274 

Weight  and  Volume  of  Water .     272 

of  Air .....353-354 

Factors  for  Steel  Tubing. 3 7 7-3 7 8 
of    Pipe    and    Tubing,    in 
Pounds  per  Lineal  Foot 

379-418 

Weights  and   Dimensions  of 
Tubular    Products     (see 
Product   in    Question) 
Wire  and  Sheet  Metal  Gages .     369 

Working  Barrels 188 

Tail  Pipe  (Definition) *io 


Tank  (Definition) 510 

Capacity 302,304,305 

Nipple 173 

Tanks,  Corrosion  of 557 

Tap  (Definition). 510 

Master  (Definition) 497 

Plug  (Definition) 502 

Taper  Elbow,  Reducing   (Defi- 
nition)       503 

Pipe  Thread 208 

Tapered    Specialties,    Seamless 

Steel,  "SHELBY" 196 

Tapped  (Definition) 510 

Tapping  Machine  (Definition)  .     510 

Tar,  Coal,  (Definition) 485 

Tee  (Definition) 510 

Branch  (Definition) 482 

Bull  Head  (Definition) 483 

Cross  Over  (Definition) 486 

Double  Sweep  (Definition). . .     488 

Drop  (Definition) 489 

Four  Way  (Definition) 492 

Reducing  (Definition) 503 

Service  (Definition) 505 

Side  Outlet  (Definition) 506 

Union  (Definition) 513 

Telegraph     Cock     or     Faucet 

(Definition) 510 

Poles,  Tubular 109-157,  626 

Telescoped  (Definition) 510 

Temper  Screw  (Definition) 511 

Seamless  Steel  Tubes 

"SHELBY" 16-19,591 

Temperature,    Air    Weight    at 

Various 353~354 

and  Pressure  of  Steam 327 

Centigrade  to  Fahrenheit, 

473-474,  476 

Compression  of  Gas 325 

Fahrenheit  to  Centigrade, 

474-475, 476 

Pressure  Volume  of  Air 352 

Steam 327, 320-333, 339~34O 

Weights,     Lengths,     Conver- 
sion Chart 476 

Templet  (Definition) 511 

Tensile  Strength,  Pipe  Steel. . .  10,  223 
Seamless       Steel       Tubes 

"SHELBY" 16-19,591 

Stress  Beams 250 

I    Terms  Used  in  Pipe  and  Fittings 

Trade 477-516,  654 

|    Testimony  as  to  Relative  Cor- 
rosion   579-590 

Test  Pressures,  Hydrostatic 
Boiler  Tubes 

Locomotive,   Lap   Welded, 
"NATIONAL" 

9;     IOO,    622,    625 


72,99. 100,  622,  625 
Seamless,  "SHELBY"  100,  625 
andard,      Lap      Welded, 
"NATIONAL" 72,622 


708 


Index 


Test    Pressures 

Casing,  "NATIONAL" 

Boston,  Inserted  Joint 71 

with  Pacific  Couplings. .  .       70 

Standard 70 

California  Diamond  BX  . .  71,  621 

South  Penn 71,621 

Flues  (see  Boiler  Tubes) 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Air  Line 73,  623 

Ammonia 98, 623, 625 

Converse  Lock  Joint. .  74, 93,  625 

Double  Extra  Strong 69,  621 

Drill 76 

Drive 69 

California  Diamond  BX .       76 

Dry  Kiln 76,  623 

Extra  Strong 69,  621 

for  Gas  Lines,  Plain  End .  600-608 

Hydraulic 597 

Kimberley  Joint 74 

Large  O.  D.,  Plain  Ends. 598-599 

Line 68,  621 

Air 73,623 

Matheson  Joint 73>  9L  625 

O.  D.,  Large,  Plain  Ends .  598-599 
Plain  End,  for  Gas  Lines .  600-608 

Large  O.  D 598-599 

Reamed  and  Drifted 73 

Rotary,  Special 76 

Upset 76,623 

Signal 96,  625 

Standard 68,621 

Tuyere 76,623 

Tubing,  "NATIONAL" 

Allison  Vanishing  Thread..       75 
California  Special  External 

Upset 76,623 

Flush  Joint 75 

Oil  Well 69 

Testing  Boiler  Tubes,  Some 
Recent  Developments  in 
("NATIONAL"  Bulletin 

No.  i) 655,656,664-665 

Tests    (see  also   Specifications) 

89-106, 119,  625 

Bursting 212-226, 630-634 

Conditions  for  Poles 114 

Collapsing 227-243 

Columns 230-231 

Corrosion  (see  Corrosion) 

Crushing  (Definition) 487 

Drop 116, 119, 625 

Expanding 102,625 

Holding  Power  of  Boiler  Tubes    210 

Impact 16 

of  "KEWANEE"  Unions, 
Some  ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  9)  .  .655,  656  ,668 

Mill 13-14,  20 

Pipe I3~i4»  20 

Pole 114,  116, 119,  626 

Pulling 10 

Tubes  and  Tubing,  "SHELBY"    20 


Tests,    Tubes     Under    Internal 

Pressure.  .  .  222,  223,  225,  630-634 

Weld,  Strength  of 226,  630-634 

Theorem  Bernouilli,  Water  Power    298 
Thermal  Expansion  of  Iron  and 

Steel 211 

Pipe 346-347 

Unit,  British 327 

Waste  of  Engines 338 

Thermo-Dynamics 327-350 

Thermometer  Measures 473-476 

Thickness   of   Cylinder   Heads, 

Dished 191 

Flat r-231'192 

Pipe 22-56,  58-65,  592-620 

Briggs'  Standard 208 

for  Weight  per  Foot .  .  .379-418 

Poles 118-157 

Tubes 38-41,  596 

Thimble  (Definition) 511 

Boiler  (Definition) 481 

Joint  (Definition) 511 

Threads 

Ammonia  Cock  (Definition) .  .     479 
Briggs'  Standard.  .  .  .  .168,  208-209 

Common  (Definition) 485 

and  Couplings,  Mill  Practice, 

Measurement  of  Pipe.  .  .     671 

Depth 208-209 

Franklin  Institute 370-372 

Gage,  Standard 21,  208 

Valves  and  Fittings 168 

Gas  (Definition) 492 

Length 208 

Only,  Mill  Practice,  Measure- 
ment of  Pipe 671 

Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Briggs'  Standard 208-209 

Protectors 90,  502,  625 

Screw .....: 370-372 

Sellers' 370-372,  505 

Signal  Pipe 96,  506 

Standard  Pipe 90,  625 

Taper 208 

U.  S.  Standard 370-372 

V  (Definition) 514 

Vanishing  (Definition) 514 

Whitworth  (Definition) 516 

Wine  Bore  (Definition) 516 

Working  Barrel 187,  629 

Threaded  Connections 167-168 

Flanges  for  Extra  Heavy  Pipe 

167, 169, 175 

Standard  Pipe 167, 169, 176 

Joints 167 

Threading 10,552,557,561-562 

Dies,  Chasers n 

Chip  Space  on 1 1 

Clearance  of ; .  girfalaV/*0 

Lead  on n 

Lip 10 

Lubrication ^i7/n 

Distinguishing    Steel    from 

Iron  Tubing  by 562-563 


Index 


709 


Threading,  Pipe 10-11,  552 

Literature  about 66 1 

Power  Required  to  Thread, 
Twist, and  Split  Wrought 
Iron  and  Steel  Pipe. .  563,  661 
Three  Way  Elbow  (Definition).     511 

Tight  Hand  (Definition) 493 

Joints,  Directions  for  Making.     624 

Tong  (Definition) 511 

Tin,  Weight  of 423 

Lined  Pipe  (Definition) 511 

Ton  Equivalents 462, 472 

Tong  (Definition) 511 

Chain  (Definition) 484 

Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Tight  (Definition) 511 

Tongue  and  Groove  (Definition)     511 

Tool,  Calking  (Definition) 483 

Total  Heat  of  Saturated  Steam, 

327,  329-333 

Superheated  Steam.  .  .339-340 
Water.         ...      .327,329-333 
Towl  s  Formula  for  Discharge 

of  Gas 321 

Trade  Mark 20 

Customs 21, 671 

Term,  Dictionary 477-516,  654 

Trailing,  Water  (Definition) ....     511 

Transmission  Line  Poles no 

of  Compressed  Air 360-364 

Transverse    Areas,    Circumfer- 
ences and  Surfaces  for 

Boiler  Tubes  and  Flues 651 

Pipe,  Double  Extra  Strong. . .     650 

Extra  Strong 649 

Standard 648 

Trautwine's  Formula  for  Flow 

of  Water  in  Pipes 280 

Trenton  Iron  Company's  Wire 

Gage 369 

Trolley  Poles  (see  Poles). 
Troublesome      Substances      in 

Boiler 276,  635-638 

Troy  Ounces  to  Grams 462,  468 

Pound  Equivalents 472 

to  Kilograms 462, 468, 472 

Tube  (Definition) ... 511 

Annealed  End  (Definition) . . .  480 
Area  Factors  for,  Tables. .  .373-375 
Areas.  . ...  ... .419-459, 648-651 

Beaded  (Definition) 480 

Bent 162, 195,  627 

Boiler  (Definition) 482 

(see  Boiler  Tubes). 

Brick  Arch  (Definition) 482 

Bursting  Tests  of.  223-226, 630-634 

Capacity  Factors  for 423 

Chemical  Analysis 

10,  16-19,  211, 519 

Circumference 419-459,  648-651 

Cleaner  (Definition) 511 

Cold  Finished 15 

Collapsing  Pressures  of. ...  227-243 
Condenser,  Preservation  of  . .  558 


Tube,  Corrosion  of  (see  Corrosion) 
Cream  Separator  Bowl, 

103-104,  194,  625 

Cross  (Definition) 486 

Diamond  Drill  Rods .  .  104-105,  625 

Expanded 158-159 

End  (Definition) 489 

Holding  Power  of 210 

Expander  (Definition) .......     512 

Expansion  of 211 

Ferrule  (Definition 512 

Field  (Definition) 491 

General  Notes 21,  671 

Holding  Power 210 

Hose  Molds  and  Poles.  105-106, 625 

Hot  (Definition) 493 

Finished 14 

Internal    Fluid   Pressure    for 

212-226,630-634 
Iron  and  Steel,  Thermal  Ex- 
pansion of 211 

Joints,  Slipping  Point  of  Rolled 

Boiler 210 

Lap-welded  and  Seamless,Up- 

set  and  Expanded 158-161 

Manufacture  of 7,  14-15 

Locomotive  Boiler  (see  Boiler 

Tubes). 

Merchant    and    Marine    Ser- 
vice (see  Boiler  Tubes). 

Mill  Inspection  and  Tests 13,  20 

Moment  of  Inertia 419-459 

Packing  (Definition) 512 

Plug  (Definition) 512 

Properties  of,  Table 

419-459,648-651 
Physical  Properties  of .  10, 16-19, 5Qi 

Pitot 291-292 

Radius  of  Gyration 

419-459,648-651 

Ribbed  (Definition) 504 

Sealer  (Definition) 512 

Scraper  (Definition) 512 

Seamless  (see  Seamless  Tubes 
and  Tubing,  "SHELBY"). 

Sheet  (Definition) 512 

Sheet  Cutter  (Definition) 512 

Holding    Power    to    Hold 

Boiler  Tubes 210 

Stay  (Definition) 512 

Size,  Trade  Practice 21,  671 

Specifications    (see   Specifica- 
tions). 

Standard   Boiler    (see   Boiler 
Tubes). 

Stay 158,509 

Steamboat,  Inspection  of 229 

Steel,  Impact  Test  of  Seam- 
less        16 

Surface  per  Foot  Length 

419-459, 648-651 

Temper,  Seamless 16-19,  591 

Test,  Pressure  (see  Test 
Pressures,  Hydrostatic), 
(see  Tests) 13,20 


710 


Index 


Tube,  Thermal  Expansion  of  Iron  ^duT 

and  Steel 211 

Thickness  of 38-41,  596 

Upset 158-161 

Venturi aboS.lliiX] 202-293 

Volume 419-459, 648-651 

Wall,  Nature  of  Stress  in 212 

Weight  Factors  for  Steel. .  .376-378 
Weight  of.  .46-56,379-459,598-608 

Welded,  Manufacture  of 7-14 

Tubing  (Definition) 512 

Allison     Vanishing     Thread, 
"NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint LhloHSz 

Test  Pressures 75 

Weights  and  Dimensions  . .       33 
Bedstead.  "NATIONAL" ...       31 
"NATIONAL"       Bulletin 

No.  21 655,656,659 

California    Special    External 
Upset.  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 82 

Test  Pressures 76,  623 

Weights  and  Dimensions  30, 593 

Capacity  of 200-203 

Catcher  (Definition) 512 

Corrosion  of  (see  Corrosion) 

Cream  Separator  Bowl 103,  625 

Diamond  Drill  Rods 104,  625 

Displacement 199 

Flush    Joint,  "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 80 

1 1 ?       Test  Pressures 75 

Weights  and  Dimensions .       3  2 

General  Notes 21, 671 

Hose  Poles  and  Hose  Molds  105,  625 

Inside  Surface 206-207    ! 

Lineal  Feet  per  Square  Foot  .     199    i 

Moment  of  Inertia 204-205    i 

Oil    Well,    "NATIONAL" 

Section  of  Joint 81    i 

Test  Pressure 69 

Weights  and  Dimensions      30 

Outside  Diameter 199 

Outside  Surface 199 

Properties  of 199 

Radius  of  Gyration  of 206-207 

Rectangular,  "SHELBY" ....     609 
Seamless,    "SHELBY"     (see 
Seamless  Tubes  and  Tub- 
ing "SHELBY"). 

Section  Modulus 204-205 

Sectional  Area  of  Wall  ....  200-201 

Square,  "SHELBY" 609 

Steel  Weight  Factors  for.  .376-378 
Test  Pressure  (see  Test 

Pressures,  Hydrostatic). 
Upset,   "NATIONAL"   Cali- 
fornia    Special     External 
(Which  see). 

Uses  of  "SHELBY" 547~55i 

Weight  of 379-459, 648-651 

Tubular  Beams,  Properties  of, 

250-267 


Tubular     Electric    Line    Poles 

(see  Poles) 

Goods,  Manufacture  of 7 

Goods,  Weights  of, 

379-418, 419-459, 648-651 
Steel    Poles,    "NATIONAL" 
("NATIONAL"     Bulletin 

No.  14) . . 655, 656,  661 

Swaged  Forgings 195 

Turbine  Engines,  Corrosion  of 
Boiler    Tubes    on    Vessels 

Fitted  with 560 

Turn,  Half,  Socket  (Definition).     493 
Long,  Fitting  (Definition)  . . .     497 

Tuyere  (Definition) 513 

Cocks 170 

Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Test  Pressures 76,  623 

Weights  and  Dimensions. .  .37,  596 

Unions 170 

Twisting.  Threading  and 
Splitting  Wrought  Iron 
and  Mild  Steel  Pipe., 
Power  Required  for.. 563,661 

U 

U  Bend 163,  627 

Ultimate  Strength  of  Poles in 

Tensile  Strength, 

10, 16-19,  90.  9!-93,  98,  223,  625 
Under  Reamer  (Definition) ....     513 
Underground  Corrosion  (see  Cor- 
rosion) 
Uniform  Cross  Section ,  Beams  of     256 

Union 169,  513 

Boyle  (Definition) 482 

Brass 169 

Coupling  (Definition) 513 

Ell  (Definition) 513 

Flange 169, 491 

Joint  (Definition) 513 

"KEWANEE"  (Definition) .  .     495 

Literature  about 668-669 

Lip  (Definition) 496 

Malleable 169 

Nut 169 

Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Ring  (Definition) 504 

Tee  (Definition) 513 

Tuyere 170 

Universal .     170 

Unit  Heat,  British  Thermal 327 

Metric,  Equivalents  of 

460-472,652-653 
Weight,  Comparisons  of 

472,652-653 
United  States  Navy  Corrosion 

Tests  557, 559, 56o,  565-566,  589 
Gallon  Equivalents 

300,311,312,  462,  466 

Standard  Thread 370-372 

Wire  Gage 369 

Universal  Joint  Sleeves 195 

Unions 170 


Index 


711 


Unwin's  Formula,  Flow  of  Gas 

in  Pipes 323 

Upset  (Definition) 513 

Rotary  Pipe,   "NATIONAL" 
Special 

Section  of  Joint 79 

Test  Pressures 76,623 

Weights  and  Dimensions.  34,594 

Table  of 158-161 

Tubes,    for    Diamond    Drill 

Rods 104,  625 

Tubing  <( NATIONAL'3 
Allison  Vanishing  Thread, 

Section  of  Joint 81 

Test  Pressures 75 

Weights  and  Dimensions        33 
California  Special  External 

Section  of  Joint 82 

Test  Pressures 76,  623 

Weights  and  Dimensions 

30,  593 

Uses  for 158 

Upsetting 158 

Uses  of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe. 541-546 
"SHELBY"  Tubing. . .  .547-551 


Valves  and  Fittings 

167-170,513,522-540 

Literature  about 667-670 

Angle 169-170,479 

Gate  (Definition) 479 

Back  Pressure  (Definition) . . .     480 

Box  (Definition) 514 

Bracket  (Definition) 482 

By-pass  (Definition) 483 

Check. 169-170, 484 

Cross  (Definition) 487 

Effect  of,  on  Flow  of  Air 364 

Gas 324 

Steam 346 

Water  in  Pipes .  .  .  283-284 
Exhaust  Relief  (Definition) .  .     489 

Expansion  (Definition) 490 

Flanged .  . 167 

Full-way  (Definition) 492 

Gate 169-170,  492 

Globe 169-170,  492 

Iron  Body  Brass  Mounted 
Wedge  Gate,  "N.  T.  C." 
("  NATIONAL  "  Bulletin 

No.  13) 655,  656,  670 

Needle  (Definition) 498 

Non-return  (Definition) 498 

Protecting  Caps 194 

Radiator  (Definition) 502 

Receiver  Filling  (Definition) .     503 

Reducing  (Definition) 503 

Reflux  (Definition) 503 

Regrinding,  "N.  T.  C." 
("NATIONAL  "Bulletin 

No.  7) 655,  656,  669,  670 

Resistance  to  Flow  (see  Valves, 
Effect). 


Valves 

Screw  Down  (Definition) ....     505 

Seat  (Definition) 514 

Stem  (Definition) 514 

Straightway 169-170,  509 

Switch  (Definition) 510 

Wedge  Gate  (Definition) 515 

Wheel  (Definition) 516 

Vanishing  Thread  (Definition)..     514 

Tubing, "  NATIONAL  "  (see 

Allison  Vanishing  Thread 

Tubing,  "NATIONAL"). 

Van  Stone  Joint  (Definition) ...     514 

Vapor  and  Gases,  Mixtures  of . .     315 

Saturation  Point 315 

Vaporization,  Heat  of 327 

Variable  Loading.   Safety  Fac- 
tor for 268-270 

Variation  Permissible  in  Lengths     ' 
21,91,99,102, 103, 105,106,625,671 

Diameter 89,  91,  96,  99, 

102,  103,  105,  106,  625,  671 

Threading 90,  98,  625 

Thickness 99,  100,  102,  625 

Weight  (see  footnote  of  Prod- 
uct in  Question) 

of  Signal  Pipe 96,  62 5 

Vegetable  Oils  in  Boiler  Water, 

.Effect  of 276,  635-638 

Velocity      Air     Flowing      into 

Atmosphere 357~3S8 

in  Pipes 359~30o 

Flow  of  Steam  into  Atmos- 
phere  341-342 

in  Pipes 347~348 

Water  in  Pipes 

277-290,  639-643 

Wind 117,  626 

Venturi  Meter 292 

Tube  Measurements 293 

Vertical  and  Horizontal  Load- 
ing of  Beams 256 

Shear  of  Beams 250 

Vessels,  Contents  of, 

301,  302,  304,  305 

Volume,  Air 352 

Comparison  of  Units 465 

Conversion  Table 311 

Cylinders,  Table  of, 

419-459,  648-651 

Gas 314 

Metric  Equivalents 462,  465 

Pressure,  Temperature  of  Air.     352 

Saturated  Steam 328 

Seamless  Tubing, "  SHELBY" 

199,  419-459,  648-651 
Superheated  Steam. .  .337,  339-340 
Tubes  and  Round  Bars, 

419-459,  648-651 

Water 272 

Volumetric  Measures  (see  Met- 
ric Equivalents  also); 

460-472,  652-653 
V  Thread  (Definition) 514 


712 


Index 


Vulgar    Fractions    and    Their 

Decimal  Equivalents 366-368 

V  Welding  (Definition) 514 

W 

Walker  Joint  (Definition) 514 

Wall,  Area  Pipe, 

58-65,  419-459,  610-620,  648-651 

Seamless    Tubing, 

"  SHELBY  " 200-201 

Tubes  and  Round  Bars, 

419-459,  648-651 

Nature  of  Stress  in  Tube ....     212 
Washburn     and     Moen     Wire 

Gage 369 

Water 271-312,  635-646 

Absorption  of  Gases 316 

Air  in 277,  635-638 

Arch  (Definition) 514 

Bar  (Definition) 514 

Boiling  Point * -  ,„ . .  >. . >  . .     272 

Capacity  of  Pipe, 

301,  303,  423, 648-651 
Chart  for  Flow  of  in  Wrought 

Pipe 279 

Column  (Definition) 514 

Composition  of 272 

Compressibility  of 275 

Contents  of  Cylinders.soi,  302,  304 
Contents  of  Pipes 303 

Rectangular  Tanks 305 

Corrosion  in  (see  Corrosion). 

Density  Maximum 272 

Discharge 278-279,  285 

Discharge  Capacities  of  Pipe, 

306-309,  644-646 

Energy  of 298 

Equivalents 310-312 

Expansion  of 272 

Fall,  Efficiency  of 297 

Power  of 297 

Feed  for  Boilers.  .275-277,  635-638 
Flow  Affected  by  Curves  and 

Valves 283 

Flow  Diameter  Required ....     290 

in  Pipes 277-290,  639-643 

Flow  in  House  Service  Pipes .     285 

Lost  Head  in  Pipes, 

286-290,  639-643 

Measurement 291-296 

Flush  (Definition) 515 

Friction  in  Pipes .  286-290,  639-643 

Gage  (Definition) 5*5 

General  Index 271 

Grate  (Definition) 5*5 

Hammer 168,  284,  515 

Hardness,  Standards  of 636 

Head  of 273-274,  277,  297-299 

Heat  of 327-333 

Horse-power  of  Heads 297-299 

Hydraulic  Conversion  Table  .     311 

Equivalents 310 

Ice  and  Snow 274 

Impurities 275-277,  635-638 


Water,     Incrustation    and 

Corrosion 275,  635-638 

Lime  in 275-276,  635-638 

Measurement  of,  by  Nozzles  .     293 

Flowing 291-296 

Packer  (Definition) 515 

Pipe 167 

Clamps  (Definition) 515 

Plug  (Definition) 515 

Power 297-299 

Bernoulli's  Theorem 298 

Current  Motors 298 

Energy  of  Water  Flowing 

in  a  Tube 297 

Horse-power  of  a  Running 

Stream 297 

Calculating  Table 299 

Table 300-312,  644-646 

Table  of  Gallons  and  Cubic 

Feet 300 

Pressure  Equivalents  of 310 

of  Due  to  Weight 273 

per  Square  Inch,   Equiva- 
lents of 273 

on  Vertical  Surface 273 

Properties 272 

Purification  of  Boiler 635-638 

Quantity  of  Discharged 278 

Ram 168,284 

Relative  Discharge  of  Pipes, 

306-309,  644-646 

Solubility  of  Impurities 635 

Specific  Heat  of 275 

Swivel  (Definition) 515 

Table  of  Contents 271 

Weight  and  Volume 272 

Total  Heat  of 327~333 

Trailing  (Definition) 511 

Tube  Boiler  (Definition ) 5*5 

Units  of  Pressure  and  Head..     273 

Velocity  of  Flow,  Darcy 282 

Kutter 281,638 

Mean 280 

Trautwine 280 

Williams  and  Hazen .  .     283 
Volume  of,  at  Different  Tem- 
peratures      272 

Weight  of,  at  Different 

Temperatures 272 

per  Foot  of  Pipe 301, 3°3 

Wheel ,.     297 

Waterfall,  Power  of 297 

Watertown  Arsenal  Tests, 

223,  230-231 

Wedge  Gate  Valves  (Definition)     515 
"N.  T.  C."  Iron  Body  Brass 
Mounted  ("NATIONAL" 
Bulletin  No.  13).. 655,  656,  670 

Weight  (Definition) 516 

Air 352-354 

Aluminum 423 

Bars,  Round 419-459,  648-651 

Brass 423 

Cast  Iron 423 


"Index    ."  t    ;•.-'"'•.»    ".         713 


Weight,    Conversion   Chart  for 

476,  652-653 

Copper . .     423 

Difference   for   Difference  in 

Outside  Diameter 379-380 

Equals  Measurement  (Defi- 
nition)    498 

Factors  for  Different  Ma- 
terials   423 

Steel  Tubes 376-378 

Gas 3i5 

Ice 274 

Iron 21,  423 

Lead 423 

Lengths    and    Temperatures, 

Conversion  Chart 476 

Metric  Equivalents, 

-462,  468,  472,  476,  652-653 

Nickel 423 

Pipe 22-56,  58-65, 

379-459,  592-623,  648-651 

Poles no,  113,  120-157,  626 

Saturated  Steam 329-333 

Seamless  Materials  (see  Seam- 
less Tubes  and  Tubing, 
"SHELBY"). 

Sections 264-266 

Snow 274 

Steel 21,  423 

Tin 423 

Tubular  Goods. 22-56,  58-65, 

379-459,  592-623,  648-651 

Various  Materials 423 

Water 272 

in  Pipes,  Table  of 301, 3°3 

Wrought  Iron 423 

Working  Barrels 1 88,  629 

Weights  and  Dimensions 
Boiler  Tubes 
Locomotive,   Lap   Welded, 

"NATIONAL" 40,  596 

Seamless,  "SHELBY", 

38-39,  101 
Standard,      Lap     Welded, 

"NATIONAL" 41 

Casing,  "NATIONAL" 
Boston 

Inserted  Joint 27 

with  Pacific  Couplings. . .       28 

Standard 26 

California  Diamond  BX. .  29, 593 
Inserted  Joint,  Boston.  ...       27 

South  Penn 35,  59=; 

Flues,     Boiler      (see     Boiler 

Tubes). 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Air  Line 36,  595 

Ammonia 597 

Converse  Lock  Joint 43 

Double  Extra  St  rong 25 

Drill 36 

Drive 24 

California  Diamond  BX.       31 
Dry  Kiln 37,  596 


Weights  and  Dimensions 
Pipe,  "NATIONAL" 

Extra  Strong 25 

for  Gas  Lines,  Plain  End. 600-608 

Hydraulic 597 

Kimberley  Joint 44 

Large O. D., Plain  Ends.. 598-599 

Line 23,  592 

Air 36,  595 

for  Lines,  Gas,  Plain  End .  600-608 

Matheson  Joint 42 

O.  D., Large, Plain  Ends. 598-599 
Plain  End,  Large  O.  D . .  598-599 

for  Gas  Lines 600-608 

Reamed  and  Drifted 35 

Rectangular 45,  609 

Rotary,  Special 34,  594 

0  Upset 34,594 

Square 45,  609 

Standard 22,  592 

Tuyere 37,  596 

Poles,  "NATIONAL"  Tubu- 
lar  118-157,  626 

Seamless  Materials  (see  Seam- 
less Tubes  and  Tubing, 
"SHELBY"). 
Tubing,  "NATIONAL" 

Allison  Vanishing  Thread . .       33 

Bedstead 31 

California  Special  External 

,     Upset 30,593 

Flush  Joint 32 

Oil  Well 30 

Weisbach  Rule  for  Water  Flow.     289 

Air  Flow 359 

Weld  (Definition) 516 

Butt 9,483 

Circular  (Definition) 484 

Corrosion  of  (see  Corrosion) .     554 

Lap 7,  8,  496 

Scarf  (Definition) 505 

Strength  of,  in  Pipes.  .226,  630-634 

Welded  Cylinder  Heads 190 

Flange  Joint  (Definition) ....     516 

Flanges 167 

Pipe  Bursting  Tests, 

223-226,  630-634 
Durability  of,  Relative  (see 
Corrosion). 

Manufacturing 7-14 

Marking 20 

Standard  Specifications,89-9o,625 

Welding  and  Annealing 10 

Autogenous,  of  High  Pressure 

Mains 586 

of  "NATIONAL"  Pipe 
("NATIONAL"  Bulle- 
tin No.  26). . .  .655,  656,  660 

of  Pipe  Steel 10 

V  (Definition) 514 

Wet  Steam 327 

Wheel  Valve  (Definition) 516 

Whitworth  Thread  (Definition).     516 
Widemouth  Socket  (Definition).     516 


714 


Index 


Williams'  and  Kazan's  Formula.     283 

Wind  Loads,  Poles 116-117,  626 

Velocity 117,  626 

Wine  Bore  (Definition) 516 

Wiped  Joint  (Definition) 516 

Wire  and  Sheet  Metal  Gages. . .     369 

Wool  Lead  (Definition) 496 

Work  of  Adiabatic  Compression 

of  Air 356 

Isothermal  Compression  of 

Air 356 

Working  Barrels  (Definition). . .     516 

Sections  of 187,  629 

Threading 187,  629 

Weights  and  Dimensions. 1 88,  629 

Fibre  Stresses,  Safe 268 

Pressure,  Classification  of. ...     167 

Valves  and  Fittings 167 

Stresses  in  Beams 250 

Wrench  Pipe  (Definition) 501 

Wrenches,  Socket 196 

Wrought  Casing  Nipples.  .  .  .174,  628 
Iron     Corrosion     (see     Cor- 
rosion). 

Weight 21,  423 

Iron  Pipe. 7,  12,  106 


Wrought  Iron  Pipe,  Bursting 

Tests 223-226,  630-634 

Corrosion  (see  Corrosion). 

Expansion 211,  347 

Metallic  Content  of 566 

Strength 223-226,  630-634 

Pipe  Bends 162-163,  627 

Radii  of 162,  627 

Long  Screw  Nipples 173 

Nipples. . .  168,  171-172,  627,  628 

Tank  Nipples 173 

Wye,  Y  (Definition) 516 


Y  (Definition) 516 

Yards  to  Meters 461,  463 

Y  Base  (Definition) 516 

Y  Bend  (Definition) 516 

Y  Branch  (Definition) 516 

Yield  Point 112,  222,  630-634 

Yoke  (Definition) 516 


Zero,  Absolute 328 

Zinc  Coating 92-94,  107,  625 


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